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US4512818A
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US
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Solution for formation of black oxide
Assignee: Shipley Co Inc
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Filing: 1984-06-04
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Granted: 1985-04-23
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Expires: 2004-06-04
Abstract
Abstract There is disclosed a formulation for the formation of a black oxide particularly useful in the fabrication of multi-layered printed circuits. The formulation comprises an oxidant and a hydroxide and is characterized by the addition of a water soluble or dispersible polymer to regulate the properties of the black oxide solution.
Inventors
- 👤 Silvester Valayil
- 👤 Magda Abu-Moustafa
- 👤 Terry A. Benjamin
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-11-01 21:13
CPC Classifications
C; C23; C23C; C23C22/00; C23C22/05; C23C22/60; C23C22/63; H; H05; H05K; H05K3/00; H05K3/38; H05K3/382; H05K3/385; H05K2203/00; H05K2203/03; H05K2203/0315; H05K3/46; H05K3/4611
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 25
Claim 1
Independent Claim
86 words
A process for manufacturing a multilayer circuit board comprising laminating copper to a dielectric material using heat and pressure and contacting the laminate at elevated temperature with an aqueous alkaline solution of an oxidant selected from the group of salts of chlorites and per compounds containing a minor amount of a water soluble or dispersible synthetic polymer in a concentration varying between about 3 and 100 parts per million parts of solution for a time sufficient to form a dense, non-frangible oxide coating on said copper.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
86 words
A process for manufacturing a multilayer circuit board comprising laminating copper to a dielectric material using heat and pressure and contacting the laminate at elevated temperature with an aqueous alkaline solution of an oxidant selected from the group of salts of chlorites and per compounds containing a minor amount of a water soluble or dispersible synthetic polymer in a concentration varying between about 3 and 100 parts per million parts of solution for a time sufficient to form a dense, non-frangible oxide coating on said copper.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
37 words
The process of claim 1 wherein a plurality of copper conductors over a dielectric substrate that have been treated with said solution to form a black oxide coating are stacked to form a multilayer printed circuit board.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
11 words
The process of claim 1 wherein the oxidant is a chlorite.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
12 words
The process of claim 3 where the polymer is a polyvinyl alcohol.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
22 words
The process of claim 4 where the concentration of polyvinyl alcohol ranges between 5 and 20 parts per million parts of solution.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
42 words
A solution for the formation of black oxide over copper or a copper alloy comprising an aqueous alkaline solution of a chlorite and from 3 parts per million parts of solution to 100 parts per million parts of solution of polyvinyl alcohol.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
42 words
A solution for the formation of black oxide over copper or a copper alloy comprising an aqueous alkaline solution of a chlorite and from 3 parts per million parts of solution to 100 parts per million parts of solution of polyvinyl alcohol.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
10 words
The solution of claim 6 containing a trialkali metal phosphate.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
20 words
The solution of claim 6 where the polymer concentration varies between 5 and 20 parts per million parts of solution.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
64 words
A solution for the formation of a black oxide coating over copper or a copper alloy comprising an aqueous alkaline solution of an oxidant selected from the group of salts of chlorites and per compounds and a water soluble or dispersible synthetic polymer in a concentration varying between about 3 parts per million parts of solution and 100 parts per million parts of solution.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
64 words
A solution for the formation of a black oxide coating over copper or a copper alloy comprising an aqueous alkaline solution of an oxidant selected from the group of salts of chlorites and per compounds and a water soluble or dispersible synthetic polymer in a concentration varying between about 3 parts per million parts of solution and 100 parts per million parts of solution.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
24 words
The solution of claim 9 where the black oxide solution comprises an aqueous solution of a hydroxide and a per compound as an oxidant.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
14 words
The solution of claim 9 where the per compound is an alkaline metal peroxydiphosphate.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
20 words
The solution of claim 9 where the black oxide solution comprises an aqueous solution of a hydroxide and a chlorite.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
15 words
The solution of claim 12 where the chlorite and hydroxide are each alkaline metal salts.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
26 words
The solution of claim 13 where the concentration varies between about 5 parts per million parts of solution and 20 parts per million parts of solution.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
9 words
The solution of claim 13 including a phosphate salt.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
13 words
The solution of claim 15 where the phosphate is a trialkaline metal phosphate.
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
29 words
The solution of claim 13 where the polymer is selected from the group of cellulose ethers, polyvinyl alcohol, polyvinyl pyrrolidone and copolymers thereof, polyamides, and polyacrylamides and copolymers thereof.
Claim 21
Dependent Claim
12 words
The solution of claim 17 where the polymer is a cellulose ether.
Claim 22
Dependent Claim
11 words
The solution of claim 17 where the polymer is polyvinyl alcohol.
Claim 23
Dependent Claim
12 words
The solution of claim 17 where the polymer is a polyvinyl pyrrolidone.
Claim 24
Dependent Claim
11 words
The solution of claim 17 where the polymer is a polyamide.
Claim 25
Dependent Claim
11 words
The solution of claim 17 where the polymer is a polyacrylamide.
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USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1988-04-22 | 1988-10-22 | 1989-04-23 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1992-04-22 | 1992-10-22 | 1993-04-23 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1996-04-22 | 1996-10-22 | 1997-04-23 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |