US4499160A
Expired / Lapsed
US
⏱️ 0.0 years remaining
Cathode and electrochemical cell containing same
Assignee: Individual
•
Filing: 1983-06-20
•
Granted: 1985-02-12
•
Expires: 2003-06-20
Abstract
Abstract A novel composite cathode for use in electrochemical lithium reserve cells comprising a self-supporting structure or a grid-supported structure of porous carbon, a binder and a transition metal oxide. Such cathodes are prepared by slurrying porous carbon, possibly with graphite, with a binder, applying to a support, drying, applying a transition metal nitrate or hydrate of such nitrate, and decomposing said nitrate. Reserve cells comprising such cathodes are also disclosed.
Inventors
- 👤 Matzliach Babai
- 👤 Uzi Maishar
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-25 03:27
CPC Classifications
H; H01; H01M; H01M4/00; H01M4/02; H01M4/06; H01M4/36; H01M4/48; H01M4/483; H01M6/00; H01M6/14; H01M6/30; H01M6/36; H01M6/38
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 18
Claim 1
Independent Claim
49 words
A cathode for use in electrochemical cells of the lithium reserve type consisting essentially of a structure selected from self-supporting structures and grid-supported structures, of porous carbon and a binder in combination with a transitional metal oxide, said cathode producing a rapid activation of the cell to maximum voltage.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
49 words
A cathode for use in electrochemical cells of the lithium reserve type consisting essentially of a structure selected from self-supporting structures and grid-supported structures, of porous carbon and a binder in combination with a transitional metal oxide, said cathode producing a rapid activation of the cell to maximum voltage.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
13 words
A cathode according to claim 1, wherein the binder is a polyfluoroethylene polymer.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
23 words
A cathode according to claim 1, wherein the support is a grid selected from nickel, stainless steel, nickel plated steel and aluminum grids.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
17 words
A cathode according to claim 1, wherein the carbon has a porosity of 30 to 70 percent.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
36 words
A cathode according to claim 1, wherein the transition metal oxide is a product of heat curing a carbon cathode soaked with a solution of a transition metal nitrate which is easily decomposable at elevated temperatures.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
24 words
A cathode according to claim 5, wherein the decomposed transition metal nitrate is selected from cobalt, nickel, iron and chromium nitrate and hydrates thereof.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
32 words
A cathode according to claim 5, wherein the transition metal nitrate is cobalt (II) nitrate, iron (III) nitrate, Chromium (III) nitrate or nickel (II) nitrate, or a hydrate of any of these.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
18 words
A cathode according to claim 6, wherein the oxide is the product of a decomposed cobalt nitrate hydrate.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
19 words
The cathode of claim 1 wherein the activating time to maximum voltage is between about 0.08 to 0.4 seconds.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
102 words
An electrical reserve cell comprising in combination a suitable inert housing, a cathode composed of porous carbon and a binder in combination with a transitional metal oxide, an oxidizable active anode, a suitable separator located between the said anode and the said cathode, an electrolyte solution contained in a hermetically sealed container which is shatterable when the cell is activated, resulting in a good contact of the electrolyte with said anode and said cathode, said electrolyte solution comprising an inorganic solvent and solute dissolved therein, said solvent serving also as cathode depolarizer, said cell being capable of rapid activation to maximum voltage.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
102 words
An electrical reserve cell comprising in combination a suitable inert housing, a cathode composed of porous carbon and a binder in combination with a transitional metal oxide, an oxidizable active anode, a suitable separator located between the said anode and the said cathode, an electrolyte solution contained in a hermetically sealed container which is shatterable when the cell is activated, resulting in a good contact of the electrolyte with said anode and said cathode, said electrolyte solution comprising an inorganic solvent and solute dissolved therein, said solvent serving also as cathode depolarizer, said cell being capable of rapid activation to maximum voltage.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
25 words
A reserve cell according to claim 10, wherein the anode is a lithium anode and the electrolyte is an electrolyte suitable for lithium reserve cells.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
40 words
A reserve cell according to claim 10, wherein the electrolyte is contained in a shatterable glass ampoule, said electrolyte comprising thionyl chloride, thionyl bromide or sulfuryl chloride, or a mixture of these, in substantially anhydrous state, containing a suitable solute.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
36 words
A reserve cell according to claim 12, wherein the solute is the reaction product of a Lewis acid and a Lewis base, the Lewis acid compound being advantageously in stoichiometric excess over the Lewis base component.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
21 words
A reserve cell according to claim 13, wherein the Lewis acid is aluminum trichloride and the Lewis base is lithium chloride.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
51 words
A lithium reserve cell according to claim 11, with rapid current rise time, comprising a lithium anode, a composite cathode according to claim 1, a glass ampoule containing thionyl chloride and a suitable solute, a suitable separator, and an inert housing, terminals being provided for the current uptake from the cell.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
19 words
The cell of claim 10 wherein the activating time to maximum voltage is between about 0.08 to 0.4 seconds.
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USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1988-02-12 | 1988-08-13 | 1989-02-12 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1992-02-12 | 1992-08-13 | 1993-02-12 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1996-02-12 | 1996-08-13 | 1997-02-12 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |