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US4474628A
Expired / Lapsed
US
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Slurry explosive with high strength hollow spheres
Assignee: Ireco Inc
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Filing: 1983-07-11
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Granted: 1984-10-02
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Expires: 2003-07-11
Abstract
Abstract The present invention relates to improved explosives. More particularly, the invention relates to cap-sensitive slurry explosives, either water-in-oil emulsion explosives or conventional water-based slurries having a continuous aqueous phase, containing high strength, small, hollow, dispersed spheres as a density reducing agent. The preferred explosive is a cap-sensitive water-in-oil emulsion explosive having a water-immiscible liquid organic fuel as a continuous phase; an emulsified aqueous inorganic oxidizer salt solution as a discontinuous phase; an emulsifier; and as a density reducing agent, small, hollow, dispsersed spheres, preferably glass or plastic, having a strength such that a maximum of about 10% collapse under a pressure of 500 psi. As used herein, the term "cap-sensitive" means that the explosive composition is detonable with a No. 8 cap at 20 DEG C. in a charge diameter of 32 mm or less.
Inventors
- 👤 Walter B. Sudweeks
- 👤 Samuel O. Stock
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-26 20:40
CPC Classifications
C; C06; C06B; C06B47/00; C06B47/14; C06B47/145; Y; Y10; Y10S; Y10S149/00; Y10S149/11
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 13
Claim 1
Independent Claim
67 words
A cap-sensitive water-in-oil emulsion explosive which is resistant to dead pressing comprising a water immiscible liquid organic fuel as a continuous phase; an emulsified aqueous inorganic oxidizer salt solution as a discontinuous phase; an emulsifier; and as a density reducing agent, small, hollow, dispersed spheres having a strength such that a maximum of about 10% of the spheres by volume collapse under a pressure of 500 psi.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
67 words
A cap-sensitive water-in-oil emulsion explosive which is resistant to dead pressing comprising a water immiscible liquid organic fuel as a continuous phase; an emulsified aqueous inorganic oxidizer salt solution as a discontinuous phase; an emulsifier; and as a density reducing agent, small, hollow, dispersed spheres having a strength such that a maximum of about 10% of the spheres by volume collapse under a pressure of 500 psi.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
11 words
An explosive according to claim 1 wherein the spheres are glass.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
11 words
An explosive according to claim 1 wherein the spheres are plastic.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
34 words
An explosive according to claim 1 wherein the spheres are present in an amount sufficient to reduce the density of the explosive to within the range of from about 1.0 to about 1.35 g/cc.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
28 words
An explosive according to claim 1 wherein the spheres are present in an amount of from about 1% to about 10% by weight, based on the total composition.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
24 words
An explosive according to claim 4 wherein the spheres have a particle size such that 90% by volume are between 20 and 130 microns.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
34 words
An explosive according to claim 1 wherein the liquid organic fuel is selected from the group consisting of mineral oil, waxes, benzene, toluene, xylene, and petroleum distillates such as gasoline, kerosene, and diesel fuels.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
29 words
An explosive according to claim 1 wherein the inorganic oxidizer salt is selected from the group consisting of ammonium and alkali and alkaline earth metal nitrates, chlorates and perchlorates.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
142 words
A cap-sensitive, water-in-oil emulsion explosive which is resistant to dead pressing comprising a water-immiscible liquid organic fuel as a continuous phase in an amount of from about 3% to about 10% by weight based on the total composition; an emulsified aqueous inorganic oxidizer salt solution as a discontinuous phase, comprising inorganic oxidizer salt in an amount of from about 45% to about 90% and water in an amount of from about 5% to about 20%; an emulsifier in an amount of from about 0.2% to about 5%; and as a density reducing agent, small, hollow, dispersed glass spheres having a strength such that a maximum of about 10% of the spheres by volume collapse under a pressure of 500 psi, in an amount sufficient to reduce the density of the explosive to within the range from about 1.0 to about 1.35 g/cc.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
142 words
A cap-sensitive, water-in-oil emulsion explosive which is resistant to dead pressing comprising a water-immiscible liquid organic fuel as a continuous phase in an amount of from about 3% to about 10% by weight based on the total composition; an emulsified aqueous inorganic oxidizer salt solution as a discontinuous phase, comprising inorganic oxidizer salt in an amount of from about 45% to about 90% and water in an amount of from about 5% to about 20%; an emulsifier in an amount of from about 0.2% to about 5%; and as a density reducing agent, small, hollow, dispersed glass spheres having a strength such that a maximum of about 10% of the spheres by volume collapse under a pressure of 500 psi, in an amount sufficient to reduce the density of the explosive to within the range from about 1.0 to about 1.35 g/cc.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
57 words
A cap-sensitive, aqueous slurry explosive comprising a continuous phase of aqueous inorganic oxidizer salt solution; cross-linking and thickening agents; particulate or liquid fuels and/or sensitizers; and as a density reducing agent, small, hollow, dispersed spheres having a strength such that a maximum of about 10% of the spheres by volume collapse under a pressure of 500 psi.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
57 words
A cap-sensitive, aqueous slurry explosive comprising a continuous phase of aqueous inorganic oxidizer salt solution; cross-linking and thickening agents; particulate or liquid fuels and/or sensitizers; and as a density reducing agent, small, hollow, dispersed spheres having a strength such that a maximum of about 10% of the spheres by volume collapse under a pressure of 500 psi.
References Cited (Backward Citations)
US4303731A
Cited
USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1987-10-02 | 1988-04-02 | 1988-10-02 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1991-10-02 | 1992-04-02 | 1992-10-02 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1995-10-02 | 1996-04-02 | 1996-10-02 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |