US4303731A
Expired / Lapsed
US
⏱️ 0.0 years remaining
Compressed gaseous materials in a contained volume
Assignee: Carvellas Perry
•
Filing: 1979-12-13
•
Granted: 1981-12-01
•
Expires: 1999-12-13
Abstract
Abstract A method for compressing gases in a contained volume consisting of hollow glass microspheres is described. The gases are compressed under high pressure and can be easily handled and stored. The gases to be compressed and contained in the microspheres are used as blowing gases to blow the microspheres. The metal vapor deposited coating can be reflective of or transparent to visible light. The hollow glass microspheres can be made to contain a thin transparent or reflective metal coating deposited on the inner wall surface of the microspheres by adding to the blowing gas small dispersed metal particles and/or gases of organo metal compounds and decomposing the organo metal compounds. The hollow glass microspheres can be made in the form of filamented glass microspheres with a thin glass filament connecting adjacent glass microspheres.
Inventors
- 👤 Leonard B. Torobin
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-27 04:30
CPC Classifications
C; C04; C04B; C04B20/00; C04B20/10; C04B20/1055; B; B29; B29C; B29C49/00; B29C49/0042; B29C49/42; B29C49/46; B29C70/00; B29C70/58; C03; C03B; C03B19/00; C03B19/10; C03B19/107; C03B19/1075; C03C; C03C11/00; C03C11/002; C04B14/00; C04B14/02; C04B14/04; C04B14/22; C04B14/24; F; F24; F24S; F24S80/00; F24S80/50; F24S80/52; F24S80/525; B29C2049/4602; B29C2049/4647; C03B2203/00; C03B2203/10; C03B2203/14; C03B2203/16; Y; Y02; Y02E; Y02E10/00; Y02E10/40; Y10; Y10S; Y10S376/00; Y10S376/916; Y10T; Y10T428/00; Y10T428/26; Y10T428/261; Y10T428/29; Y10T428/2982; Y10T428/2991; Y10T428/2993; Y10T428/2996
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 87
Claim 1
Independent Claim
74 words
Hollow inorganic film forming material microspheres of substantially uniform diameter of 200 to 10,000 microns and of substantially uniform wall thickness of 0.1 to 1,000 microns and having a contained gas pressure above 15 p.s.i.g. at ambient temperature, wherein said microspheres are free of latent solid or liquid blowing gas materials or gases and the walls of said microspheres are substantially free of holes, relatively thinned wall portions or sections, sealing tips and bubbles.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
74 words
Hollow inorganic film forming material microspheres of substantially uniform diameter of 200 to 10,000 microns and of substantially uniform wall thickness of 0.1 to 1,000 microns and having a contained gas pressure above 15 p.s.i.g. at ambient temperature, wherein said microspheres are free of latent solid or liquid blowing gas materials or gases and the walls of said microspheres are substantially free of holes, relatively thinned wall portions or sections, sealing tips and bubbles.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
74 words
Hollow inorganic film forming material microspheres of substantially uniform diameter of 500 to 6,000 microns and of substantially uniform wall thickness of 0.5 to 400 microns and having a contained gas pressure above 15 p.s.i.g. at ambient temperature, wherein said microspheres are free of latent solid or liquid blowing gas materials or gases and the walls of said microspheres are substantially free of holes, relatively thinned wall portions or sections, sealing tips and bubbles.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
74 words
Hollow inorganic film forming material microspheres of substantially uniform diameter of 500 to 6,000 microns and of substantially uniform wall thickness of 0.5 to 400 microns and having a contained gas pressure above 15 p.s.i.g. at ambient temperature, wherein said microspheres are free of latent solid or liquid blowing gas materials or gases and the walls of said microspheres are substantially free of holes, relatively thinned wall portions or sections, sealing tips and bubbles.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
15 words
The hollow microspheres of claim 2 having a contained gas pressure of above 50 p.s.i.g.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
11 words
The hollow microspheres of claim 2 having an oblate spheroid shape.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
68 words
Filamented, hollow inorganic film forming material microspheres having a diameter of 200 to 10,000 microns, having a wall thickness of 0.1 to 1,000 microns and having a contained gas pressure above 15 p.s.i.g. at ambient temperature, wherein said microspheres are connected to each other by filament portions which are continuous with the microspheres and are of the same inorganic film forming material from which the microspheres are made.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
68 words
Filamented, hollow inorganic film forming material microspheres having a diameter of 200 to 10,000 microns, having a wall thickness of 0.1 to 1,000 microns and having a contained gas pressure above 15 p.s.i.g. at ambient temperature, wherein said microspheres are connected to each other by filament portions which are continuous with the microspheres and are of the same inorganic film forming material from which the microspheres are made.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
69 words
Filamented, hollow inorganic film forming material microspheres having a diameter of 500 to 6,000 microns, having a wall thickness of 0.5 to 400 microns and having a contained gas pressure of above 15 p.s.i.g. at ambient temperature, wherein said microspheres are connected to each other by filament portions which are continuous with the microspheres and are of the same inorganic film forming material from which the microspheres are made.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
69 words
Filamented, hollow inorganic film forming material microspheres having a diameter of 500 to 6,000 microns, having a wall thickness of 0.5 to 400 microns and having a contained gas pressure of above 15 p.s.i.g. at ambient temperature, wherein said microspheres are connected to each other by filament portions which are continuous with the microspheres and are of the same inorganic film forming material from which the microspheres are made.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
33 words
The hollow microspheres of claim 6 having a thin metal coating deposited on the inner wall surfaces of the microspheres consisting of a layer of dispersed metal particles 50 to 5000° A thick.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
23 words
The hollow microspheres of claim 6 having deposited on the inner wall surfaces thereof a thin metal coating 50 to 600° A thick.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
27 words
The hollow microspheres of claim 6 wherein the length of the connecting filaments is substantially equal and is 2 to 20 times the diameter of the microspheres.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
32 words
The hollow microspheres of claim 6 wherein the length of the connecting filaments is substantially equal and the diameter of the connecting filaments is 1/2500 to 1/20 the diameter of the microspheres.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
72 words
Hollow glass microspheres of substantially uniform diameter of 200 to 10,000 microns and of substantially uniform wall thickness of 0.1 to 1,000 microns and having a contained gas pressure of above 15 p.s.i.g. at ambient temperature, wherein said microspheres are free of latent solid or liquid blowing gas materials or gases and the walls of said microspheres are substantially free of holes, relatively thinned wall portions or sections, sealing tips and bubbles.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
72 words
Hollow glass microspheres of substantially uniform diameter of 200 to 10,000 microns and of substantially uniform wall thickness of 0.1 to 1,000 microns and having a contained gas pressure of above 15 p.s.i.g. at ambient temperature, wherein said microspheres are free of latent solid or liquid blowing gas materials or gases and the walls of said microspheres are substantially free of holes, relatively thinned wall portions or sections, sealing tips and bubbles.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
71 words
Hollow glass microspheres of substantially uniform diameter of 500 to 6,000 microns and of substantially uniform wall thickness of 0.5 to 400 microns and having a contained gas pressure above 15 p.s.i.g. at ambient temperature, wherein said microspheres are free of latent solid or liquid blowing gas materials or gases and the walls of said microspheres are substantially free of holes, relatively thinned wall portions or sections, sealing tips and bubbles.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
71 words
Hollow glass microspheres of substantially uniform diameter of 500 to 6,000 microns and of substantially uniform wall thickness of 0.5 to 400 microns and having a contained gas pressure above 15 p.s.i.g. at ambient temperature, wherein said microspheres are free of latent solid or liquid blowing gas materials or gases and the walls of said microspheres are substantially free of holes, relatively thinned wall portions or sections, sealing tips and bubbles.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
15 words
The hollow microspheres of claim 12 having a contained gas pressure of above 50 p.s.i.g.
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
15 words
The hollow microspheres of claim 12 having a high contained gas pressure above 100 p.s.i.g.
Claim 21
Dependent Claim
23 words
The hollow microspheres of claim 12 having a diameter of 500 to 3,000 microns and a wall thickness of 0.5 to 200 microns.
Claim 22
Dependent Claim
18 words
The hollow microspheres of claim 12 having an average bulk density of 0.5 to 10 lb/ft 3 .
Claim 23
Dependent Claim
8 words
A mass of the microspheres of claim 12.
Claim 24
Dependent Claim
12 words
A molded form comprising a mass of the microspheres of claim 17.
Claim 25
Dependent Claim
11 words
The hollow microspheres of claim 12 having an oblate spheroid shape.
Claim 26
Dependent Claim
37 words
The hollow glass microspheres of claim 11 having a diameter of 200 to 10,000 microns, a wall thickness of 10 to 1,000 microns and having a contained gas pressure of 15 to 6,000 p.s.i.g., at ambient temperature.
Claim 27
Dependent Claim
20 words
The hollow glass microspheres of claim 12 having a contained gas pressure of 100 to 1800 p.s.i.g., at ambient temperature.
Claim 28
Dependent Claim
20 words
The hollow glass microspheres of claim 12 having a contained gas pressure of 800 to 1200 p.s.i.g., at ambient temperature.
Claim 29
Dependent Claim
37 words
The hollow glass microspheres of claim 12 having a diameter of 100 to 10,000 microns, a wall thickness of 1.0 to 1,000 microns and a contained gas pressure of above 15 to 2400 p.s.i.g., at ambient temperature.
Claim 30
Dependent Claim
30 words
The hollow glass microspheres of claim 12 wherein the contained gas is a member selected from the group consisting of nitrogen, oxygen, hydrogen, carbon dioxide, methane and acetylene gaseous materials.
Claim 31
Dependent Claim
16 words
The hollow glass microspheres of claim 23 wherein the contained gas is a stable acetylene gas.
Claim 32
Dependent Claim
36 words
The hollow glass microspheres of claim 12 having a diameter of 500 to 2,000 microns, a wall thickness of 10 to 100 microns and a contained gas pressure of 15 to 1000 p.s.i.g., at ambient temperature.
Claim 33
Dependent Claim
29 words
The hollow glass microspheres of claim 12 wherein the contained gas is radioactive and is a member selected from the group consisting of radon, tritium, krypton, xenon and iodine.
Claim 34
Dependent Claim
54 words
The hollow glass microspheres of claim 12 having a diameter of 100 to 5,000 microns, a wall thickness of 1.0 to 500 microns and having a contained gas consisting of a member selected from the group consisting of tritium, deuterium, and mixtures thereof at a pressure of 200 to 2400 p.s.i.g., at ambient temperature.
Claim 35
Dependent Claim
18 words
The hollow glass microspheres of claim 27 which are admixed with concrete to form a solid storage system.
Claim 36
Dependent Claim
64 words
Filamented, hollow glass microspheres having a diameter of 200 to 10,000 microns, having a wall thickness of 0.1 to 1,000 microns and having a contained gas pressure above 15 p.s.i.g. at ambient temperature, wherein said microspheres are connected to each other by filament portions which are continuous with the microspheres and are of same inorganic film forming material from which the microspheres are made.
Claim 37
Dependent Claim
64 words
Filamented, hollow glass microspheres having a diameter of 200 to 10,000 microns, having a wall thickness of 0.1 to 1,000 microns and having a contained gas pressure above 15 p.s.i.g. at ambient temperature, wherein said microspheres are connected to each other by filament portions which are continuous with the microspheres and are of same inorganic film forming material from which the microspheres are made.
Claim 38
Dependent Claim
53 words
Filamented, hollow glass microspheres having a diameter of 500 to 6,000 microns, having a wall thickness of 0.5 to 400 microns, wherein said microspheres are connected to each other by filament portions which are continuous with the microspheres and are of the same inorganic film forming material from which the microspheres are made.
Claim 39
Dependent Claim
53 words
Filamented, hollow glass microspheres having a diameter of 500 to 6,000 microns, having a wall thickness of 0.5 to 400 microns, wherein said microspheres are connected to each other by filament portions which are continuous with the microspheres and are of the same inorganic film forming material from which the microspheres are made.
Claim 40
Dependent Claim
14 words
The hollow microspheres of claim 31 having a contained gas pressure above 50 p.s.i.g.
Claim 41
Dependent Claim
15 words
The hollow microspheres of claim 31 having a high contained gas pressure above 100 p.s.i.g.
Claim 42
Dependent Claim
12 words
A molded form comprising a mass of the microspheres of claim 31.
Claim 43
Dependent Claim
11 words
The hollow microspheres of claim 31 having an oblate spheroid shape.
Claim 44
Dependent Claim
27 words
The hollow microspheres of claim 31 wherein the length of the connecting filaments is substantially equal and is 2 to 20 times the diameter of the microspheres.
Claim 45
Dependent Claim
32 words
The hollow microspheres of claim 31 wherein the length of the connecting filaments is substantially equal and the diameter of the connecting filament is 1/2500 to 1/20 the diameter of the microspheres.
Claim 46
Dependent Claim
23 words
The hollow microspheres of claim 31 having deposited on the inner wall surfaces thereof a thin metal coating 50 to 600° A thick.
Claim 47
Dependent Claim
22 words
The hollow microspheres of claim 38 wherein the deposited metal is less than 100° A thick and is transparent to visible light.
Claim 48
Dependent Claim
22 words
The hollow microspheres of claim 38 wherein the deposited metal is more than 100° A thick and is reflective of visible light.
Claim 49
Dependent Claim
27 words
The hollow glass microspheres of claim 31 wherein there is deposited on the inner wall surfaces thereof a thin metal reflective coating 105 to 600° A thick.
Claim 50
Dependent Claim
26 words
The hollow microspheres of claim 31 wherein the microspheres have deposited on the inner wall surfaces thereof a thin metal coating 180 to 250° A thick.
Claim 51
Dependent Claim
26 words
The hollow microspheres of claim 31 wherein the microspheres have deposited on the inner wall surfaces thereof a thin metal coating 150 to 400° A thick.
Claim 52
Dependent Claim
37 words
The hollow glass microspheres of claim 30 having a diameter of 100 to 10,000 microns and a wall thickness of 1.0 1,000 microns and a contained gas pressure of above 15 to 2400 p.s.i.g., at ambient temperature.
Claim 53
Dependent Claim
30 words
The hollow glass microspheres of claim 31 wherein the contained gas is a member selected from the group consisting of nitrogen, oxygen, hydrogen, carbon dioxide, methane and acetylene gaseous materials.
Claim 54
Dependent Claim
16 words
The hollow glass microspheres of claim 44 wherein the contained gas is a stable acetylene gas.
Claim 55
Dependent Claim
37 words
The hollow glass microspheres of claim 31 having a diameter of 500 to 2,000 microns, a wall thickness of 10 to 100 microns and having a contained gas pressure of 15 to 1000 p.s.i.g., at ambient temperature.
Claim 56
Dependent Claim
29 words
The hollow glass microspheres of claim 31 wherein the contained gas is radioactive and is a member selected from the group consisting of radon, tritium, krypton, xenon and iodine.
Claim 57
Dependent Claim
53 words
The hollow glass microspheres of claim 31 having a diameter of 100 to 5,000 microns, wall thickness of 1.0 to 500 microns and having a contained gas consisting of a member selected from the group consisting of tritium, deuterium, and mixtures thereof at a pressure of 200 to 2400 p.s.i.g., at ambient temperature.
Claim 58
Dependent Claim
18 words
The hollow glass microspheres of claim 48 which are admixed with concrete to form a solid storage system.
Claim 59
Dependent Claim
85 words
Hollow inorganic film forming material microspheres having a diameter of 200 to 10,000 microns, having a wall thickness of 0.1 to 1,000 microns, having a thin metal coating deposited on the inner wall surface of the microspheres and having a contained gas pressure above 15 p.s.i.g. at ambient temperature, wherein said microspheres are free of latent solid or liquid blowing gas materials or gases and the walls of said microspheres are substantially free of holes, relatively thinned wall portions or sections, sealing tips and bubbles.
Claim 60
Dependent Claim
85 words
Hollow inorganic film forming material microspheres having a diameter of 200 to 10,000 microns, having a wall thickness of 0.1 to 1,000 microns, having a thin metal coating deposited on the inner wall surface of the microspheres and having a contained gas pressure above 15 p.s.i.g. at ambient temperature, wherein said microspheres are free of latent solid or liquid blowing gas materials or gases and the walls of said microspheres are substantially free of holes, relatively thinned wall portions or sections, sealing tips and bubbles.
Claim 61
Dependent Claim
85 words
Hollow inorganic film forming material microspheres having a diameter of 500 to 6,000 microns, having a wall thickness of 0.5 to 400 microns, having a thin metal coating deposited on the inner wall surface of the microspheres and having a contained gas pressure above 15 p.s.i.g. at ambient temperature, wherein said microspheres are free of latent solid or liquid blowing gas materials or gases and the walls of said microspheres are substantially free of holes, relatively thinned wall portions or sections, sealing tips and bubbles.
Claim 62
Dependent Claim
85 words
Hollow inorganic film forming material microspheres having a diameter of 500 to 6,000 microns, having a wall thickness of 0.5 to 400 microns, having a thin metal coating deposited on the inner wall surface of the microspheres and having a contained gas pressure above 15 p.s.i.g. at ambient temperature, wherein said microspheres are free of latent solid or liquid blowing gas materials or gases and the walls of said microspheres are substantially free of holes, relatively thinned wall portions or sections, sealing tips and bubbles.
Claim 63
Dependent Claim
14 words
The hollow microspheres of claim 52 having a contained gas pressure above 50 p.s.i.g.
Claim 64
Dependent Claim
11 words
The hollow microspheres of claim 52 having an oblate spheroid shape.
Claim 65
Dependent Claim
82 words
Hollow glass microspheres having a diameter of 200 to 10,000 microns, having a wall thickness of 0.1 to 1,000 microns, having a thin metal coating deposited on the inner wall surface of the microspheres and having a contained gas pressure above 15 p.s.i.g. at ambient temperature, wherein said microspheres are free of latent solid or liquid blowing gas materials or gases and the walls of said microspheres are substantially free of holes, relatively thinned wall portions or sections, sealing tips and bubbles.
Claim 66
Dependent Claim
82 words
Hollow glass microspheres having a diameter of 200 to 10,000 microns, having a wall thickness of 0.1 to 1,000 microns, having a thin metal coating deposited on the inner wall surface of the microspheres and having a contained gas pressure above 15 p.s.i.g. at ambient temperature, wherein said microspheres are free of latent solid or liquid blowing gas materials or gases and the walls of said microspheres are substantially free of holes, relatively thinned wall portions or sections, sealing tips and bubbles.
Claim 67
Dependent Claim
82 words
Hollow glass microspheres having a diameter of 500 to 6,000 microns, having a wall thickness of 0.5 to 400 microns, having a thin metal coating deposited on the inner wall surface of the microspheres and having a contained gas pressure above 15 p.s.i.g. at ambient temperature, wherein said microspheres are free of latent solid or liquid blowing gas materials or gases and the walls of said microspheres are substantially free of holes, relatively thinned wall portions or sections, sealing tips and bubbles.
Claim 68
Dependent Claim
82 words
Hollow glass microspheres having a diameter of 500 to 6,000 microns, having a wall thickness of 0.5 to 400 microns, having a thin metal coating deposited on the inner wall surface of the microspheres and having a contained gas pressure above 15 p.s.i.g. at ambient temperature, wherein said microspheres are free of latent solid or liquid blowing gas materials or gases and the walls of said microspheres are substantially free of holes, relatively thinned wall portions or sections, sealing tips and bubbles.
Claim 69
Dependent Claim
14 words
The hollow microspheres of claim 56 having a contained gas pressure above 50 p.s.i.g.
Claim 70
Dependent Claim
33 words
The hollow microspheres of claim 56 having a thin metal coating deposited on the inner wall surfaces of the microspheres consisting of a layer of dispersed metal particles 50 to 5000° A thick.
Claim 71
Dependent Claim
23 words
The hollow microspheres of claim 56 having deposited on the inner wall surfaces thereof a thin metal coating 50 to 600° A thick.
Claim 72
Dependent Claim
14 words
The hollow microspheres of claim 56 having a contained gas pressure above 100 p.s.i.g.
Claim 73
Dependent Claim
22 words
The hollow microspheres of claim 59 wherein the deposited metal is less than 100° A thick and is transparent to visible light.
Claim 74
Dependent Claim
22 words
The hollow microspheres of claim 59 wherein the deposited metal is more than 100° A thick and is reflective of visible light.
Claim 75
Dependent Claim
23 words
The hollow microspheres of claim 56 having a diameter of 500 to 3,000 microns and a wall thickness of 0.5 to 200 microns.
Claim 76
Dependent Claim
12 words
A molded form comprising a mass of the microspheres of claim 56.
Claim 77
Dependent Claim
11 words
The hollow microspheres of claim 56 having an oblate spheroid shape.
Claim 78
Dependent Claim
26 words
The hollow glass microspheres of claim 56 wherein there is deposited on the inner wall surface a thin metal transparent coating 25 to 95° A thick.
Claim 79
Dependent Claim
27 words
The hollow glass microspheres of claim 56 wherein there is deposited on the inner wall surfaces thereof a thin metal reflective coating 105 to 600° A thick.
Claim 80
Dependent Claim
26 words
The hollow microspheres of claim 56 wherein the microspheres have deposited on the inner wall surfaces thereof a thin metal coating 180 to 275° A thick.
Claim 81
Dependent Claim
26 words
The hollow microspheres of claim 56 wherein the microspheres have deposited on the inner wall surfaces thereof a thin metal coating 150 to 400° A thick.
Claim 82
Dependent Claim
56 words
The hollow glass microspheres of claim 55 having a diameter of 200 to 10,000 microns and a wall thickness of 0.1 to 1,000 microns, and microspheres having deposited on the inner wall surface thereof a metal coating 100 to 1000° A thick and having a contained gas pressure of 800 to 1200 p.s.i.g., at ambient temperature.
Claim 83
Dependent Claim
30 words
The hollow glass microspheres of claim 56 wherein the contained gas is a member selected from the group consisting of nitrogen, oxygen, hydrogen, carbon dioxide, methane and acetylene gaseous material.
Claim 84
Dependent Claim
36 words
The hollow glass microspheres of claim 56 having a diameter of 500 to 2,000 microns, a wall thickness of 10 to 100 microns and a contained gas pressure of 15 to 1000 p.s.i.g., at ambient temperature.
Claim 85
Dependent Claim
29 words
The hollow glass microspheres of claim 56 wherein the contained gas is radioactive and is a member selected from the group consisting of radon, tritium, krypton, xenon and iodine.
Claim 86
Dependent Claim
53 words
The hollow glass microspheres of claim 56 having a diameter of 100 to 5,000 microns, wall thickness of 1.0 to 500 microns and having a contained gas consisting of a member selected from the group consisting of tritium, deuterium, and mixtures thereof at a pressure of 200 to 2400 p.s.i.g., at ambient temperature.
Claim 87
Dependent Claim
18 words
The hollow glass microspheres of claim 73 which are admixed with concrete to form a solid storage system.
References Cited (Backward Citations)
US3607169A
Cited
US4133854A
Cited
USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1984-11-30 | 1985-06-01 | 1985-12-01 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1988-11-30 | 1989-06-01 | 1989-12-01 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1992-11-30 | 1993-06-01 | 1993-12-01 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |