Patent US4473418A successfully refreshed from Google Patents.
US4473418A
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US
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Emulsion explosive composition
Assignee: PPG Architectural Coatings Canada Inc
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Filing: 1983-10-26
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Granted: 1984-09-25
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Expires: 2003-10-26
Abstract
Abstract An emulsion explosive composition comprising an oxygen-supplying salt component as a discontinuous phase, an organic medium forming a continuous phase and an emulsifying agent which comprises at least one conventional emulsifier and at least one emulsification enhancer. The compositions are easily emulsifiable.
Inventors
- 👤 Howard A. Bampfield
- 👤 Fortunato Villamagna
- 👤 Jeremy G. B. Smith
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-28 07:50
CPC Classifications
C; C06; C06B; C06B47/00; C06B47/14; C06B47/145
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 12
Claim 1
Independent Claim
71 words
An emulsion explosive composition comprising an oxygen-supplying salt component as a discontinuous phase, an organic medium forming a continuous phase and an emulsifying agent wherein the emulsiying agent comprises at least one conventional emulsifier and at least one emulsification enhancer, the said emulsification enhancer is highly soluble in water or in aqueous salt solution, exhibits a high tolerance to salt and has a high hydrophilic-lipophilic balance (HLB), preferably greater than 10.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
71 words
An emulsion explosive composition comprising an oxygen-supplying salt component as a discontinuous phase, an organic medium forming a continuous phase and an emulsifying agent wherein the emulsiying agent comprises at least one conventional emulsifier and at least one emulsification enhancer, the said emulsification enhancer is highly soluble in water or in aqueous salt solution, exhibits a high tolerance to salt and has a high hydrophilic-lipophilic balance (HLB), preferably greater than 10.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
20 words
A composition according to claim 1 wherein the conventional emulsifier has a low hydrophilic-lipophilic balance (HLB), preferably less than 10.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
20 words
A composition according to claim 1 wherein the conventional emulsifier and emulsification enhancer together exhibit an HLB not exceeding 10.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
26 words
A composition according to claim 1 wherein the emulsifying agent comprises a major amount of the conventional emulsifier and a minor amount of the emulsification enhancer.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
25 words
A composition according to claim 4 wherein the weight ratio of conventional emulsifier to emulsification enhancer in the emulsifying agent is from 1000:1 to 1:1.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
104 words
A composition according to claim 1 wherein the emulsifying agent constitutes from 0.5 to 4.0% by weight of the composition and comprises at least one conventional emulsifier and an emulsification enhancer which is an organic emulsifier comprising a hydrophilic portion and a lipophilic portion, the said lipophilic portion comprising a chain (preferably unsaturated) of at least 8 carbon atoms, the said organic emulsification enhancer having a solubility in water at a temperature of 30° C. of at least 10% by weight and being capable of lowering the surface tension of a 10 wt % aqueous sodium sulphate solution at a temperature of 30° C.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
20 words
A composition according to claim 1 wherein the enhancer comprises from 0.005% to 0.05% by weight of the total composition.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
69 words
A process for producing an emulsion explosive composition comprising emulsifying an oxygen-supplying salt component and an organic medium in the presence of an emulsifying agent to form an emulsion in which the salt forms at least part of the discontinuous phase and the organic medium forms at least part of the continuous phase wherein the emulsifying agent comprises at least one conventional emulsifier and at least one emulsification enhancer.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
69 words
A process for producing an emulsion explosive composition comprising emulsifying an oxygen-supplying salt component and an organic medium in the presence of an emulsifying agent to form an emulsion in which the salt forms at least part of the discontinuous phase and the organic medium forms at least part of the continuous phase wherein the emulsifying agent comprises at least one conventional emulsifier and at least one emulsification enhancer.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
27 words
A process according to claim 8 wherein the emulsification enhancer is highly soluble in water or in aqueous salt solution and exhibits a high tolerance to salt.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
31 words
A process according to claim 8 wherein at least the emulsification enhancer is dissolved or dispersed in the organic medium prior to mixing of the organic medium with the salt component.
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USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1987-09-25 | 1988-03-26 | 1988-09-25 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1991-09-25 | 1992-03-26 | 1992-09-25 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1995-09-25 | 1996-03-26 | 1996-09-25 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |