US4383873A
Expired / Lapsed
US
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Sensitive low water emulsion explosive compositions
Assignee: Orica Explosives Technology Pty Ltd
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Filing: 1980-10-27
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Granted: 1983-05-17
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Expires: 2000-10-27
Abstract
Abstract Cap sensitive emulsion explosive compositions comprising a discontinuous aqueous oxidizer salt phase, a continuous carbonaceous fuel phase, and closed cell void containing materials are disclosed which exhibit increased sensitivity, as measured by the 1/2 cartridge air gap sensitivity test, due to a reduced water content in the range of from about 4% to less than about 10% by weight of the emulsion matrix which is used to prepare the composition.
Inventors
- 👤 Charles G. Wade
- 👤 Harold T. Fillman
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-26 23:02
CPC Classifications
C; C06; C06B; C06B47/00; C06B47/14; C06B47/145
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 25
Claim 1
Independent Claim
34 words
A cap-sensitive water-in-oil explosive emulsion composition having a 1/2 cartridge gap sensitivity of at least about three inches formed from an emulsion matrix having from about 4% to less than 10% by weight water.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
34 words
A cap-sensitive water-in-oil explosive emulsion composition having a 1/2 cartridge gap sensitivity of at least about three inches formed from an emulsion matrix having from about 4% to less than 10% by weight water.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
62 words
The water-in-oil emulsion explosive composition of claim 1 wherein from about 65% to about 85% by weight of the total composition is inorganic oxidizing salts, from about 3.5% to about 8% by weight of the total composition is carbonaceous fuels, including an emulsifier and from about 0.25% to about 10% by weight of the total composition is closed cell void containing materials.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
23 words
The explosive composition of claim 2 and further comprising a sensitizing agent selected from the group consisting of lower alkylamine and alkanolamine nitrates.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
21 words
The explosive composition of claim 3 wherein said sensitizing agent comprises up to about 20% by weight of said explosive emulsion.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
52 words
The explosive composition of claim 2 and further comprising a detonation catalyst selected from the group consisting of water soluble nitrate, halide, chromate, dichromate, and sulfur compounds in which said compound contains a metal selected from the group consisting of aluminum, magnesium, cobalt, nickel, lead, silver, mercury, copper, zinc, iron, and chromium.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
21 words
The explosive composition of claim 5 wherein said detonation catalyst comprises up to about 5% by weight of said explosive emulsion.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
21 words
The explosive composition of claim 2 and further comprising up to about 20% by weight of the total composition auxiliary fuels.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
13 words
The explosive composition of claim 7 wherein said auxiliary fuel is particulate aluminum.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
32 words
The explosive emulsion of claim 2 wherein the emulsifier present in said carbonaceous fuels is in the range of from about 0.5% to about 2.0% by weight of said explosive emulsion composition.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
55 words
The explosive composition of claim 2 wherein said inorganic oxidizing salts comprise from about 55% to about 70% by weight of the composition of ammonium nitrate, from about 5% to about 20% by weight of the composition of sodium nitrate and from about 0% to about 20% by weight of the composition of ammonium perchlorate.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
36 words
The explosive composition of claim 2 wherein said carbonaceous fuel comprises water immiscible emulsifiable material selected from the group consisting of petrolatum, microcrystalline, paraffin, mineral, animal, and insect waxes, petroleum oils, vegetable oils and mixtures thereof.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
35 words
The explosive composition of claim 2 wherein said closed cell void containing material is glass microbubbles and is present in an amount of from about 1.0% to about 5% by weight of the total composition.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
62 words
In a cap-sensitive water-in-oil explosive emulsion comprising a discontinuous aqueous oxidizer salt solution phase, a continuous carbonaceous fuel phase, and closed cell void containing materials, the improvement comprising: employing an aqueous oxidizer salt solution having less than 10% water, by weight of the emulsion matrix of the composition, to thereby substantially increase the 1/2 cartridge air gap sensitivity of said explosive emulsion.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
62 words
In a cap-sensitive water-in-oil explosive emulsion comprising a discontinuous aqueous oxidizer salt solution phase, a continuous carbonaceous fuel phase, and closed cell void containing materials, the improvement comprising: employing an aqueous oxidizer salt solution having less than 10% water, by weight of the emulsion matrix of the composition, to thereby substantially increase the 1/2 cartridge air gap sensitivity of said explosive emulsion.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
26 words
The improved explosive composition of claim 13 wherein water is present in said matrix in an amount of from about 6% to about 8% by weight.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
33 words
The improved explosive composition of claim 13 wherein said carbonaceous fuel phase, including an emulsifier, is present in an amount of from about 3.5% to about 8% by weight of the total composition.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
35 words
The improved explosive composition of claim 13 wherein said closed cell void containing materials are present in sufficient amounts to obtain a density of from about 0.9 to about 1.3 g/cc for the total composition.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
32 words
The improved explosive composition of claim 13 wherein said closed cell void containing materials are present in an amount of from about 0.25% to about 10% by weight of the total composition.
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
32 words
The improved explosive composition of claim 13 wherein said carbonaceous fuel phase includes a water-in-oil emulsifier in an amount of from about 0.5% to about 2.0% by weight of the total composition.
Claim 21
Dependent Claim
68 words
The improved explosive composition of claim 13 wherein the inorganic oxidizing salts contained in said discontinuous aqueous oxidizer salt solution phase comprise from about 55% to about 70% by weight of the total composition of ammonium nitrate, from about 5% to about 20% by weight of the total composition of sodium nitrate and from about 0% to about 20% by weight of the total composition of ammonium perchlorate.
Claim 22
Dependent Claim
37 words
The improved explosive composition of claim 13 and further comprising from about 0% to about 20% by weight of the total composition of a sensitizing agent selected from the group consisting of lower alkylamine and alkanolamine nitrates.
Claim 23
Dependent Claim
67 words
The improved explosive composition of claim 13 and further comprising from about 0% to about 5% by weight of the total composition of a detonation catalyst selected from the group consisting of water soluble oxide, nitrate, halide, chromate, dichromate, and sulfur compounds in which said compounds contain a metal selected from the group consisting of aluminum, magnesium, cobalt, nickel, lead, silver, mercury, copper, zinc, iron, and chromium.
Claim 24
Dependent Claim
26 words
The improved explosive composition of claim 13 and further comprising from about 0% to about 20% by weight of the total composition of an auxiliary fuel.
Claim 25
Dependent Claim
14 words
The improved explosive composition of claim 22 wherein said auxiliary fuel is particulate aluminum.
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USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1986-05-16 | 1986-11-15 | 1987-05-17 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1990-05-16 | 1990-11-15 | 1991-05-17 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1994-05-16 | 1994-11-15 | 1995-05-17 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |