Patent US4473405A successfully refreshed from Google Patents.
US4473405A
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Admixture for hydraulic cement
Assignee: Sandoz AG
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Filing: 1983-04-11
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Granted: 1984-09-25
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Expires: 2003-04-11
Abstract
Abstract The present invention is a specific combination of components having unique properties both in composition and benefits. Such a combination has been found in alkali or alkaline earth metal nitrates, alkanolamines and alkali or alkaline earth metal thiocyanates. In such combinations it has also been found that alkaline and alkali earth thiosulfates and chlorides below the concentration level where corrosion is promoted may advantageously be substituted for all or part of the thiocyanates and that diethanolamine, N,N-di(hydroxyethyl)glycine (bicine) and N,N-di(hydroxyethyl)- beta -aminopropionic acid (DAPA) and certain alkanolamines and alkanolamino acids and derivatives may advantageously be substituted for all or part of the triethanolamine.
Inventors
- 👤 Arthur H. Gerber
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-11-07 12:15
CPC Classifications
C; C04; C04B; C04B28/00; C04B28/02
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 35
Claim 1
Independent Claim
116 words
A hydraulic cement mix comprising hydraulic cement, aggregate, sufficient water to effect hydraulic setting of the cement, and an admixture comprising a composition or a mixture of compositions selected from the group consisting of alkali, ammonium and alkaline earth salts of thiocyanic acid, and water soluble thiosulfates; a composition or a mixture of compositions selected from the group comprising alkanolamine; and related water soluble alkanolamines and alkanolamino acids; and a composition or a mixture of compositions selected from the group comprising alkali and alkaline earth salts of nitric acid; said additive being present in an amount sufficient to accelerate the rate of hardening of said hydraulic cement mix and to increase its compressive strength after hardening.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
116 words
A hydraulic cement mix comprising hydraulic cement, aggregate, sufficient water to effect hydraulic setting of the cement, and an admixture comprising a composition or a mixture of compositions selected from the group consisting of alkali, ammonium and alkaline earth salts of thiocyanic acid, and water soluble thiosulfates; a composition or a mixture of compositions selected from the group comprising alkanolamine; and related water soluble alkanolamines and alkanolamino acids; and a composition or a mixture of compositions selected from the group comprising alkali and alkaline earth salts of nitric acid; said additive being present in an amount sufficient to accelerate the rate of hardening of said hydraulic cement mix and to increase its compressive strength after hardening.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
16 words
A hydraulic cement mix in accordance with claim 1 wherein said hydraulic cement comprises portland cement.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
68 words
A hydraulic cement mix in accordance with claim 1 wherein said salts of thiocyanic acid are sodium, potassium, ammonium and calcium thiocyanate; said soluble thiosulfates are sodium, potassium, ammonium, calcium and magnesium thiosulfates; said alkanolamines are diethanolamine and triethanolamine; said alkanolamino acids are bicine and di(hydroxyethyl)-β-propionic acid; a said related soluble alkanolamine is tetra(hydroxyethyl)ethylenediamine; and said salts of nitric acid are sodium, potassium, calcium, magnesium and ammonium nitrates.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
110 words
A hydraulic cement mix in accordance with claim 1 wherein said salt of thiocyanic acid is present in an amount from about 0.01% to about 2.50% based on the weight of the cement; said alkanolamine is present in an amount from 0.005% to about 0.08% based on the weight of the cement; said salt of nitric acid is present in an amount from about 0.05% to about 2.00% based on the weight of the cement; said alkanolamino acid is present from about 0.005% to 0.10% based on weight of cement; and said thiosulfate salt is present in an amount from about 0.05% to about 2.00% based on weight of cement.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
53 words
A hydraulic cement mix in accordance with claim 1 wherein said salt of thiocyanic acid is present in an amount from about 0.025% to about 0.50%; said alkanolamine from about 0.005% to about 0.02%; and said salt of nitric acid from about 0.10% to about 1.00%, based on the weight of the cement.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
18 words
A hydraulic cement mix in accordance with claim 1 wherein said salt of thiocyanic acid is sodium thiocyanate.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
18 words
A hydraulic cement mix in accordance with claim 1 wherein said salt of nitric acid is sodium nitrate.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
18 words
A hydraulic cement mix in accordance with claim 1 wherein said salt of nitric acid is calcium nitrate.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
24 words
A hydraulic cement mix in accordance with claim 1 wherein said salt of nitric acid is a mixture of sodium nitrate and calcium nitrate.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
24 words
A hydraulic cement mix in accordance with claim 1 wherein said salt of nitric acid is a mixture of magnesium nitrate and calcium nitrate.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
14 words
A hydraulic cement mix in accordance with claim 1 wherein said alkanolamine is triethanolamine.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
14 words
A hydraulic cement mix in accordance with claim 1 wherein said alkanolamine is diethanolamine.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
16 words
A hydraulic cement mix in accordance with claim 1 wherein said thiosulfate salt is sodium thiosulfate.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
16 words
A hydraulic cement mix in accordance with claim 1 wherein said thiosulfate salt is calcium thiosulfate.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
17 words
A hydraulic cement mix in accordance with claim 1 wherein said water soluble alkanolamino acid is bicine.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
17 words
A hydraulic mix in accordance with claim 1 wherein said water soluble alkanolamino acid is di(hydroxyethyl)-β-aminopropionic acid.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
17 words
A hydraulic mix in accordance with claim 1 wherein said water soluble alkanolamino acid is di(hydroxyethyl)-β-amino-α-methylpropionic acid.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
16 words
A hydraulic mix in accordance with claim 1 wherein said alkanolamino acid is N,N-di(hydroxyethyl)aminomethyl succinic acid.
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
16 words
A hydraulic cement mix in accordance with claim 1 wherein said water soluble alkanolamine is tetra(hydroxyethyl)ethylenediamine.
Claim 21
Dependent Claim
150 words
A process for accelerating the hardening of hydraulic cement mixes which includes sequentially adding hydraulic cement, aggregate in an amount up to 80% by weight based on total weight of said cement mix, and sufficient water to effect hydraulic setting of the cement, comprising incorporating an admixture comprising mixtures of (a) a composition selected from the group comprising ammonium, alkali, and alkaline earth salts of thiocyanic acid, and mixtures thereof; and water soluble thiosulfates that may be substituted in whole or in part for the thiocyanates; and (b) an alkanolamine; and water soluble alkanolamino acids, substituted in whole or part for the alkanolamine; (c) a composition selected from the group comprising ammonium, alkali, and alkaline earth salts of nitric acid, and mixtures thereof; said additive being incorporated in an amount sufficient to accelerate the rate of hardening of said hydraulic cement mix and to increase its compressive strength after hardening.
Claim 22
Dependent Claim
150 words
A process for accelerating the hardening of hydraulic cement mixes which includes sequentially adding hydraulic cement, aggregate in an amount up to 80% by weight based on total weight of said cement mix, and sufficient water to effect hydraulic setting of the cement, comprising incorporating an admixture comprising mixtures of (a) a composition selected from the group comprising ammonium, alkali, and alkaline earth salts of thiocyanic acid, and mixtures thereof; and water soluble thiosulfates that may be substituted in whole or in part for the thiocyanates; and (b) an alkanolamine; and water soluble alkanolamino acids, substituted in whole or part for the alkanolamine; (c) a composition selected from the group comprising ammonium, alkali, and alkaline earth salts of nitric acid, and mixtures thereof; said additive being incorporated in an amount sufficient to accelerate the rate of hardening of said hydraulic cement mix and to increase its compressive strength after hardening.
Claim 23
Dependent Claim
14 words
A process in accordance with claim 20, wherein said hydraulic cement comprises portland cement.
Claim 24
Dependent Claim
94 words
A process in accordance with claim 20, wherein the thiocyanate is present in an amount from about 0.01% to about 0.50%; the alkanolamine is present in an amount from about 0.005% to about 0.08%; and the nitrate is present in an amount from about 0.05% to about 2.00% based on the weight of the cement in the mix; said soluble alkanolamino acid is present from about 0.005 to 0.10% based on weight of cement; and said thiosulfate salt is present in an amount from about 0.05% to about 2.00% based on weight of cement.
Claim 25
Dependent Claim
13 words
A process in accordance with claim 20 wherein the thiocyanate is sodium thiocyanate.
Claim 26
Dependent Claim
12 words
A process in accordance with claim 20 wherein the alkanolamine is triethanolamine.
Claim 27
Dependent Claim
13 words
A process in accordance with claim 20 wherein the nitrate is sodium nitrate.
Claim 28
Dependent Claim
13 words
A process in accordance with claim 20 wherein the nitrate is calcium nitrate.
Claim 29
Dependent Claim
19 words
A process in accordance with claim 17 wherein the nitrate is a mixture of sodium nitrate and calcium nitrate.
Claim 30
Dependent Claim
19 words
A process in accordance with claim 17 wherein the nitrate is a mixture of magnesium nitrate and calcium nitrate.
Claim 31
Dependent Claim
14 words
A process in accordance with claim 17 wherein said thiosulfate salt is sodium thiosulfate.
Claim 32
Dependent Claim
14 words
A process in accordance with claim 17 wherein said thiosulfate salt is calcium thiosulfate.
Claim 33
Dependent Claim
16 words
A process in accordance with claim 17 wherein said water soluble of alkanolamino acid is bicine.
Claim 34
Dependent Claim
16 words
A process in accordance with claim 17 wherein said water soluble alkanolamino acid is di(hydroxyethyl)-β-aminopropionic acid.
Claim 35
Dependent Claim
14 words
A process in accordance with claim 17 wherein said water soluble alkanolamine is tetra(hydroxyethyl)ethylenediamine.
References Cited (Backward Citations)
USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1987-09-25 | 1988-03-26 | 1988-09-25 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1991-09-25 | 1992-03-26 | 1992-09-25 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1995-09-25 | 1996-03-26 | 1996-09-25 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |