Patent US3190122A successfully refreshed from Google Patents.
Patent US4471470A successfully refreshed from Google Patents.
US4471470A
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Method and media for accessing data in three dimensions
Assignee: Formigraphic Engine Corp
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Filing: 1982-02-22
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Granted: 1984-09-11
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Expires: 2002-02-22
Abstract
Abstract Methods and active media for controlled production and optical access of data in the form of physio-chemical inhomogeneities, such as controlled differences in absorption characteristics of molecules at selected regions. The methods involve use of at least two intersecting beams of radiation which are matched to selected optical properties of the active media. In a specific embodiment a bit of data at a selected portion of a region of active media is accessed by directing a first beam having a first electromagnetic radiation characteristic matched to a first optical characteristic of the media at the region to change the condition of the media to a second characteristic which is of either low or high optical reactivity, depending upon the bit value at programmed portions of the region, the second characteristic being relative to a second radiation characteristic, other than the first radiation characteristic, then directing a second beam matched to the second electromagnetic radiation characteristic to intersect the region at a selected portion containing the bit of data to be accessed to permit optical sensing of the state of the bit.
Inventors
- 👤 Wyn K. Swainson
- 👤 Stephen D. Kramer
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-24 09:04
CPC Classifications
B; B82; B82Y; B82Y10/00; G; G02; G02B; G02B30/00; G02B30/50; G02F; G02F1/00; G02F1/35; G02F1/3526; G11; G11C; G11C13/00; G11C13/02; G11C13/04; G11C13/041
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 25
Claim 1
Independent Claim
81 words
A medium for forming a substantially persistent three-dimensional figure comprising: a substantially transparent dispersion medium capable of maintaining a relatively stable shape containable within a volume; and a first reactant substantially dispersed in said dispersion medium, said first reactant being responsive to energy level changes within said volume at selected locations therein so as to produce a reaction product energy transfer agent; and a receptor agent responsive to energy transferred from said energy transfer agent so as to produce said figure.
Claim 2
Independent Claim
81 words
A medium for forming a substantially persistent three-dimensional figure comprising: a substantially transparent dispersion medium capable of maintaining a relatively stable shape containable within a volume; and a first reactant substantially dispersed in said dispersion medium, said first reactant being responsive to energy level changes within said volume at selected locations therein so as to produce a reaction product energy transfer agent; and a receptor agent responsive to energy transferred from said energy transfer agent so as to produce said figure.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
40 words
A medium as in claim 1 in which the energy transfer is a fluorescent molecule and the receptor agent is relatively more reactive to a parameter of the activated fluorescent radiation from said fluorescent molecule than to other incident radiation.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
25 words
A medium as in claim 2, in which said parameter is the wavelength of fluorescence and the activating agent is a radiation producing said fluorescence.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
42 words
A medium as in claim 1, in which the medium absorption characteristics are such that the effect of the activating radiation on molecules of the receptor agent is confined to the immediate surrounding molecules near to the molecule of energy transfer agent.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
37 words
A medium as in claim 2, in which the energy transfer agent is a fluorescent molecule derived from a reaction selected from the group consisting of oxidative cyclization, dedimerization, tautomerization, rearrangement, elimination, oxidation, addition, substitution, and reduction.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
28 words
A medium as in claim 1, in which the energy transfer agent is a radiation absorber capable of photosensitizing decomposition of the precurser of said energy transfer agent.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
23 words
A medium as in claim 6, in which said energy transfer agent appears in the reaction sequence according to the following order: ##EQU22##
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
31 words
A medium as in claim 7, in which said energy transfer agent photosensitizes decomposition by triplet-triplet energy transfer by a one-photon reaction resulting from absorption of one of the generating beams.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
34 words
A medium as in claim 7, in which said energy transfer agent photosensitizes decomposition by triplet-triplet energy transfer by a one-photon reaction resulting from absorption of a developing beam independent of the generating beams.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
52 words
A medium as in claim 6, in which an amine is combined with an organic halide selected so as to combine to form a complex, said complex when subjected to said energy level changes, decomposing to form a quantity of dye, said quantity being increased by exposure to additional energy level changes.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
38 words
A medium as in claim 9, in which the amine is selected from the group consisting of diphenylamine, N-vinylcarbazole, and the halide from the group iodoform or carbon tetrabromide, and the last named additional radiation is red light.
Claim 13
Independent Claim
132 words
A medium for forming a substantially persistent three-dimensional object comprising: a substantially transparent dispersion medium capable of maintaining a relatively stable shape containable within a volume; and reactive material, comprising a first reactant, a second reactant and a third reactant, substantially dispersed in said dispersion medium, said first reactant being responsive to radiation having at least two radiation states so as to exhibit a change in physico-chemical properties at selected locations within said volume by the cooperative action of said radiation states; said second reactant being a sensitizer material responsive to one of said radiation states so as to absorb energy and to transfer at least a portion of said absorbed energy to said third reactant of said material, and said third reactant being responsive to form said substantially persistent three-dimensional object.
Claim 14
Independent Claim
132 words
A medium for forming a substantially persistent three-dimensional object comprising: a substantially transparent dispersion medium capable of maintaining a relatively stable shape containable within a volume; and reactive material, comprising a first reactant, a second reactant and a third reactant, substantially dispersed in said dispersion medium, said first reactant being responsive to radiation having at least two radiation states so as to exhibit a change in physico-chemical properties at selected locations within said volume by the cooperative action of said radiation states; said second reactant being a sensitizer material responsive to one of said radiation states so as to absorb energy and to transfer at least a portion of said absorbed energy to said third reactant of said material, and said third reactant being responsive to form said substantially persistent three-dimensional object.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
32 words
A medium as in claim 12, in which a ground state molecule of said first reactant is relatively less absorptive of the beam designated hv 1 than is the said second reactant.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
20 words
A medium as in claim 13, in which said second reactant is benzophenone and the ground state molecule is naphthalene.
Claim 17
Independent Claim
165 words
A method for optically accessing data stored in a three-dimensional spatial pattern in active media, said active media being capable of exhibiting characteristics of preselected low or high optical reactivity representing information bits in response to excitation radiation, said method comprising the steps of: directing selected locations within said media a first beam of electromagnetic excitation radiation of a preselected energy characteristic to excite said media along the path of said first beam to an excited state capable of exhibiting said optical reactivity; and directing a second beam of electromagnetic radiation of a preselected energy characteristic to at least one location within said media intersecting the path of said first beam, said second beam being matched to characteristics of said excited state of said media to cause said media to exhibit said low or high optical reactivity so that said optical reactivity is optically sensible as a representation of a selected binary state stored at the intersection of said first beam and said second beam.
Claim 18
Independent Claim
165 words
A method for optically accessing data stored in a three-dimensional spatial pattern in active media, said active media being capable of exhibiting characteristics of preselected low or high optical reactivity representing information bits in response to excitation radiation, said method comprising the steps of: directing selected locations within said media a first beam of electromagnetic excitation radiation of a preselected energy characteristic to excite said media along the path of said first beam to an excited state capable of exhibiting said optical reactivity; and directing a second beam of electromagnetic radiation of a preselected energy characteristic to at least one location within said media intersecting the path of said first beam, said second beam being matched to characteristics of said excited state of said media to cause said media to exhibit said low or high optical reactivity so that said optical reactivity is optically sensible as a representation of a selected binary state stored at the intersection of said first beam and said second beam.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
73 words
The method according to claim 15 wherein said characteristics of optical reactivity of said media comprise absorption properties of said active media in the presence of excitation of said first beam of electromagnet excitation radiation, and wherein said first beam is matched to the absorption characteristics of said excited active media such that one binary state is defined as relatively low absorption and the other binary state is defined as relatively high absorption.
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
30 words
The method according to claim 15 or 16 for a read only memory wherein said characteristics of optical reactivity are substantially persistent such that binary data may be permanently registered.
Claim 21
Dependent Claim
46 words
A method according to claim 15 or 16 wherein said active media fails to exhibit optical reactivity in response to said second beam alone and, wherein portions of said active media which are not excited by said first beam are substantially transparent to said second beam.
Claim 22
Independent Claim
143 words
A method of accessing three-dimensional spatially stored optically sensible data disposed an array of distinguishable regions capable of physio-chemical transformation sensible as representing bits of a selected binary state, said method comprising the steps of: directing to a selected portion of said distinguishable regions capable of transformation a first beam of electromagnetic radiation matched to absorption characteristics of first state properties of said distinguishable regions to establish a first changed physio-chemical state; and directing a second beam of electromagnetic radiation to intersect within said selected portion of said regions, said second beam of radiation being matched to absorption characteristics of said first changed state such that an intersection exhibits substantially changed properties relative to said first state, said first changed state being confined to said intersection, said substantially changed properties being a transformation which is optically sensible as representing a selected binary state.
Claim 23
Independent Claim
143 words
A method of accessing three-dimensional spatially stored optically sensible data disposed an array of distinguishable regions capable of physio-chemical transformation sensible as representing bits of a selected binary state, said method comprising the steps of: directing to a selected portion of said distinguishable regions capable of transformation a first beam of electromagnetic radiation matched to absorption characteristics of first state properties of said distinguishable regions to establish a first changed physio-chemical state; and directing a second beam of electromagnetic radiation to intersect within said selected portion of said regions, said second beam of radiation being matched to absorption characteristics of said first changed state such that an intersection exhibits substantially changed properties relative to said first state, said first changed state being confined to said intersection, said substantially changed properties being a transformation which is optically sensible as representing a selected binary state.
Claim 24
Dependent Claim
29 words
A method according to claim 19 further including the step of optically sensing a selected binary state of said intersection in response to radiation directed through said active media.
Claim 25
Dependent Claim
82 words
A method according to claim 19 further comprising the step of directing to selected locations within said media a third beam of electromagnetic radiation, wherein said active media in said nonexcited state is substantially nonabsorptive of said third beam and in said excited state is substantially absorptive of said third beam, said active media in said excited state being responsive to said third beam to produce a further physio-chemical transformation, said further physio-chemical transformation being sensible as representing a selected binary state.
References Cited (Backward Citations)
US4078229A
Cited
USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1987-09-11 | 1988-03-12 | 1988-09-11 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1991-09-11 | 1992-03-12 | 1992-09-11 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1995-09-11 | 1996-03-12 | 1996-09-11 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |