US4078229A
Expired / Lapsed
US
⏱️ 0.0 years remaining
Three dimensional systems
Assignee: Individual
•
Filing: 1975-01-27
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Granted: 1978-03-07
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Expires: 1995-01-27
Abstract
Abstract Method and media are provided for producing three-dimensional sensible objects by the intersection of radiation beams, whereby an active region is produced as a result of the intersection of said beams raising a molecule in the active region to its excited state. Particularly, non-radiation emissive active regions are formed which generate the sensible object.
Inventors
- 👤 Wyn K. Swanson
- 👤 Stephen D. Kremer
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-27 22:39
CPC Classifications
G; G11; G11C; G11C13/00; G11C13/04; G11C13/041; B; B82; B82Y; B82Y10/00; G02; G02B; G02B30/00; G02B30/50; G02F; G02F1/00; G02F1/35; G02F2/00; G02F2/02; G11C13/02
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 18
Claim 1
Independent Claim
106 words
A medium for forming a substantially persistent three-dimensional sensible object comprising: a substantially transparent dispersion fluid capable of maintaining a relatively stable shape containable within a volume; and a photo-reactant substantially dispersed in said dispersion fluid, a molecule of said photo-reactant being responsive to a first photon of optical radiation emitted in a first selected spectral region to excite an electron to an excited state, said molecule being further responsive to a second photon of optical radiation emitted in a second selected spectral region to generate a mono-molecular chemical reaction at a single reaction site for rapidly forming said sensible object without migration of molecular reactants.
Claim 2
Independent Claim
106 words
A medium for forming a substantially persistent three-dimensional sensible object comprising: a substantially transparent dispersion fluid capable of maintaining a relatively stable shape containable within a volume; and a photo-reactant substantially dispersed in said dispersion fluid, a molecule of said photo-reactant being responsive to a first photon of optical radiation emitted in a first selected spectral region to excite an electron to an excited state, said molecule being further responsive to a second photon of optical radiation emitted in a second selected spectral region to generate a mono-molecular chemical reaction at a single reaction site for rapidly forming said sensible object without migration of molecular reactants.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
31 words
A medium according to claim 1 wherein said photoreactant molecule is responsive to the simultaneous confluence and absorption of said first photon and said second photon to generate said mono-molecular reaction.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
22 words
A medium according to claim 2 wherein said first and second photons are provided in different spectral absorption regions of said photo-reactants.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
30 words
A medium according to claim 1 wherein said photoreactant molecule is responsive only to the sequential absorption of said first photon and said second photon to generate said mono-molecular reaction.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
39 words
A medium according to claim 4 wherein said photoreactant molecule is responsive only to the sequential absorption of said first photon and said second photon within the same spectral absorption region of said photo-reactant to generate said monomolecular reaction.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
28 words
A medium as in claim 1, in which said sensible object comprises an optical computer memory arrayed in three dimensions and operated by means of intersecting light beams.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
43 words
A medium as in claim 1, in which said sensible object is an intermediate energy transfer agent capable of responding to additional radiation so as to activate at least one further component of said medium so as to produce an additional product stage.
Claim 9
Independent Claim
140 words
A medium for forming a substantially persistent three-dimensional sensible object substantially opaque to optical radiation within a selected spectral region comprising: a substantially optically transparent, morphically stable dispersion fluid containable within a volume; and a photo-reactant substantially dispersed in said dispersion fluid, substantially each molecule of which photoreactant being responsive to the simultaneous confluence of photons of at least two beams of optical radiation of substantially identical wavelength, and wherein said wavelength is matched to the spectral region of maximum optical absorption to generate a mono-molecular reaction characterized by an excited molecular state at a single reaction site such that the energy difference between said excited state and a ground state is greater than the energy of the excitation photon but less than twice the energy of said excitation photon for rapidly forming said sensible object without migration of reactants.
Claim 10
Independent Claim
140 words
A medium for forming a substantially persistent three-dimensional sensible object substantially opaque to optical radiation within a selected spectral region comprising: a substantially optically transparent, morphically stable dispersion fluid containable within a volume; and a photo-reactant substantially dispersed in said dispersion fluid, substantially each molecule of which photoreactant being responsive to the simultaneous confluence of photons of at least two beams of optical radiation of substantially identical wavelength, and wherein said wavelength is matched to the spectral region of maximum optical absorption to generate a mono-molecular reaction characterized by an excited molecular state at a single reaction site such that the energy difference between said excited state and a ground state is greater than the energy of the excitation photon but less than twice the energy of said excitation photon for rapidly forming said sensible object without migration of reactants.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
28 words
A medium according to claim 8 wherein the fluid comprises ethylene glycol and the photo-reactant comprises a homogeneous mixture of Eosin Y, p-toluenesulphinic acid, acrylamide, and methylene bisacrylamide.
Claim 12
Independent Claim
146 words
A medium for forming a substantially persistent three-dimensional sensible object substantially opaque to optical radiation within a selected spectral region comprising: a substantially transparent morphically stable dispersion fluid containable within the volume; and a photo-reactant substantially dispersed in said fluid, substantially each molecule of said photo-reactant being responsive to the simultaneous effect of at least two optical beams of different wavelengths and matched to a characteristic spectral absorption region of said photo-reactant such that the wavelength of a first optical beam (hv 1 ) and the second optical beam (hv 2 ) and the energy difference (E) between a selected excited state and a ground state satisfy the following criteria: E ≦ (hv.sub.1) + (hv.sub.2) (hv,) > (hv.sub.2) ; and E > 2(hv.sub.2) ; in order to generate a mono-molecular reaction at a single reaction site for rapidly forming said sensible object without migration of reactants.
Claim 13
Independent Claim
146 words
A medium for forming a substantially persistent three-dimensional sensible object substantially opaque to optical radiation within a selected spectral region comprising: a substantially transparent morphically stable dispersion fluid containable within the volume; and a photo-reactant substantially dispersed in said fluid, substantially each molecule of said photo-reactant being responsive to the simultaneous effect of at least two optical beams of different wavelengths and matched to a characteristic spectral absorption region of said photo-reactant such that the wavelength of a first optical beam (hv 1 ) and the second optical beam (hv 2 ) and the energy difference (E) between a selected excited state and a ground state satisfy the following criteria: E ≦ (hv.sub.1) + (hv.sub.2) (hv,) > (hv.sub.2) ; and E > 2(hv.sub.2) ; in order to generate a mono-molecular reaction at a single reaction site for rapidly forming said sensible object without migration of reactants.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
42 words
A medium according to claim 10 wherein said photoreactant is diphenylcyclopentadiene in solution and said first optical beam is centered at a wavelength of 9431 cm -1 and said second optical beam is centered at a wavelength of 18862 cm -1 .
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
21 words
A medium according to claim 10 wherein said fluid is methyl methacrylate contaning azoisobutyronitrile, and wherein said photo-reactant is chromium carbonyl.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
39 words
A medium according to claim 10 wherein said photo-reactant is a gelled solution of methylene blue, p-toluene-sulphinic acid and barium acrylate and said fluid is a gelatine, wherein said medium produces a white light scattering visibly sensible polymeric object.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
46 words
A medium according to claim 10 in which said photo-reactant is acrylonitrile in which is dissolved a light activated radical-generating compound, and wherein said fluid is a frozen glass thereof, such that the sensible object producible is a visible light-scattering figure substantially opaque to visible light.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
77 words
A medium according to claim 10, wherein the photoreactant is a photo-cross-linking agent selected to absorb said first optical beam and a photopolymerization agent selected to absorb said second optical beam, both being dissolved in a monomeric suspension, and where said suspension is selected from the monomeric group consisting of vinyl acetate, styrene, methyl acrylate, such that said sensible object so produced resists destruction during separation of chemically reacted portions of said medium for chemically non-reacted portions.
References Cited (Backward Citations)
USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1981-03-06 | 1981-09-05 | 1982-03-07 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1985-03-06 | 1985-09-05 | 1986-03-07 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1989-03-06 | 1989-09-05 | 1990-03-07 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |