US4465892A
Expired / Lapsed
US
⏱️ 0.0 years remaining
Isomerization of paraffins or olefins with bridged clays
Assignee: Individual
•
Filing: 1983-10-03
•
Granted: 1984-08-14
•
Expires: 2003-10-03
Abstract
Abstract A process for isomerization of paraffinic or olefinic hydrocarbons using as catalysts or as supports for catalysts bridged clays which are prepared by an aqueous clay suspension subjected to a dialysis.
Inventors
- 👤 Pierre Jacobs
- 👤 Georges Poncelet
- 👤 Alain Schutz
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-11-04 20:20
CPC Classifications
B; B01; B01J; B01J29/00; B01J29/04; B01J29/049; B01J21/00; B01J21/16; C; C01; C01B; C01B33/00; C01B33/20; C01B33/26; C07; C07C; C07C4/00; C07C4/02; C07C4/06; C07C5/00; C07C5/22; C07C5/2206; C07C5/226; C07C5/23; C07C5/25; C07C5/2506; C07C5/2556; C07C5/27; C07C5/2767; C07C5/277; C07C5/2791; C07C2521/00; C07C2521/16; C07C2523/00; C07C2523/38; C07C2523/40; C07C2523/42; C07C2529/00; C07C2529/04; C07C2529/05
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 15
Claim 1
Independent Claim
75 words
In the isomerization of hydrocarbons chosen from the group consisting of paraffins and olefins, the improvement comprising the use at a temperature ranging from 100° C. to 300° C. of a catalyst which comprises an element from group VIII of the periodic table of the elements and a bridged clay prepared by the process comprising subjecting a mixture of an aqueous solution of at least one metal hydroxide and an aqueous clay suspension to dialysis.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
75 words
In the isomerization of hydrocarbons chosen from the group consisting of paraffins and olefins, the improvement comprising the use at a temperature ranging from 100° C. to 300° C. of a catalyst which comprises an element from group VIII of the periodic table of the elements and a bridged clay prepared by the process comprising subjecting a mixture of an aqueous solution of at least one metal hydroxide and an aqueous clay suspension to dialysis.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
12 words
A process according to claim 1, wherein said conversion catalyst contains platinum.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
27 words
A process according to claim 1, wherein the dialysis is carried out with the aid of a semipermeable membrane selected from the group consisting of organic membranes.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
21 words
A process according to claim 3, wherein said membrane is selected from the group consisting of membranes based on regenerated cellulose.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
11 words
A process according to claim 4, wherein said catalyst contains platinum.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
19 words
A process according to claim 1, further cracking simultaneously isomerizing and cracking said hydrocarbons in the presence of hydrogen.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
11 words
A process according to claim 6, wherein said catalyst contains platinum.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
115 words
A process according to claim 6, wherein said hydroxide is selected from the group formed by the hydroxides of the elements of groups IIB, IIIB, IVB, VB, VIB, VIIB, VIIIB, IA, IIA, IIIA, IVA, VA and VIA of the periodic table of the elements and said hydroxide is capable of forming an aqueous solution, the clay is a natural or synthetic smectite swelling clay, the concentration of the metal ion of the hydroxide in the mixture of clay suspension and hydroxide solution, expressed in milliequivalents per gram of clay, ranges from 6 to 60, and the concentration of clay in the mixture of clay suspension and hydroxide solution ranges from 0.1 to 4 weight percent.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
34 words
A process according to claim 8, wherein the degree of oxidation of the metal M of the hydroxide is equal to I and the OH - /M I ratio ranges from 0.2 to 1.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
34 words
A process according to claim 9, wherein the degree of oxidation of the metal M of the hydroxide is equal to II and the OH - /M II ratio ranges from 0.2 to 2.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
34 words
A process according to claim 8, wherein the degree of oxidation of the metal M of the hydroxide is equal to III and the OH - /M III ratio ranges from 0.3 to 3.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
27 words
A process according to claim 11, wherein the metal of the hydroxide is at least one metal selected from the group formed by aluminum, chromium and holmium.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
34 words
A process according to claim 8, wherein the degree of oxidation of the metal M of the hydroxide is equal to IV and the OH - /M IV ratio ranges from 0.4 to 4.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
26 words
A process according to claim 13, wherein the metal of the hydroxide is at least one metal selected from the group formed by zirconium and titanium.
References Cited (Backward Citations)
US3655798A
Cited
US3959118A
Cited
US3892655A
Cited
US3976598A
Cited
US4176090A
Cited
US4078991A
Cited
USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1987-08-14 | 1988-02-13 | 1988-08-14 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1991-08-14 | 1992-02-13 | 1992-08-14 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1995-08-14 | 1996-02-13 | 1996-08-14 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |