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Patent US4461552A successfully refreshed from Google Patents.
US4461552A
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US
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Film sound track recording and playback system
Assignee: Individual
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Filing: 1982-08-04
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Granted: 1984-07-24
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Expires: 2002-08-04
Abstract
Abstract An electro-optical, motion picture, film sound track recording and playback system in which a complex audio signal wave is successively sampled and digitally encoded according to pulse-code modulation techniques (PCM) extant in the communications art. The digital codes are optically applied to the film sound track and are played back by optical detection as the film runs through a projector. The advantages of PCM signal-to-noise improvement are obtained, and means for the individual sample codes to be "scrambled" on recording and "unscrambled" on replay are shown. The scrambling greatly increases the difficulty of surreptitious copying by "film pirates". One embodiment shown applies and detects the individual code bits through individual optical fibers and the other applies and detects codes serially using a modulated laser source and a controllable refraction optical crystal or a Bragg Cell to scan across the sound track to emplace (and replay) individual sample codes.
Inventors
- 👤 Arnold M. Levine
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-27 13:15
CPC Classifications
G; G11; G11B; G11B7/00; G11B7/12; G11B7/135; G11B7/1384; G11B20/00; G11B20/00086; G11B20/0021; G11B20/00217; G11B20/00231; G11B20/00246; G11B20/00485; G11B20/00557; G11B20/10; G11B20/10527; G11B7/002; G11B7/003; G11B7/0032; H; H04; H04N; H04N5/00; H04N5/76; H04N5/84; H04N5/87; H04N9/00; H04N9/79; H04N9/80; H04N9/802; G03; G03B; G03B2217/00; G03B2217/24; G03B2217/242; G03B2217/243; G06; G06F; G06F2211/00; G06F2211/007
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 6
Claim 1
Independent Claim
352 words
A motion picture film sound track recording and playback system compatible with existing camera and projector film advance mechanisms, comprising: first means responsive to a complex electric wave representative of sound to be recorded on said sound track for successively sampling the amplitude of said wave and for digitally encoding said samples successively, a continuous amplitude sample representing succession of parallel code words being thereby generated; second means for recording said code words successively on said sound track as a pattern of light dots recorded on said film, said second means being located along the length of said film where the motion of said film is substantially continuous and linear with time as said film is advanced, said second means including a plurality of electric-to-light transducers, each of said transducers responding to a corresponding digit of said code generated by said first means, and further including a plurality of fiber optic light conductors, each of said conductors being arranged to receive light pulses at a first end, from a corresponding one of said transducers, the second end of said optical fibers being directed generally perpendicular to the surfaces of said film within said sound track in a close-spaced, linear array extending generally transverse to the direction of advance of said film; third means for continuously converting said light dot patterns to digital codes in electrical form as said film is advanced for projection; fourth means including a digital-to-analog converter for reproducing said samples from a corresponding code words series from said third means, and for combining said reproduced samples for reconstituting said complex wave; fifth means responsive to said first means for rearranging the order of at least some of the bits of at least some of said code words according to a predetermined pattern for application to said second means; and sixth means responsive to said third means for again rearranging the order of said codes therefrom to reconstituted code words substantially the same as said code extant at the output of said first means, said sixth means applying a pattern which is the inverse of said fifth means predetermined pattern.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
352 words
A motion picture film sound track recording and playback system compatible with existing camera and projector film advance mechanisms, comprising: first means responsive to a complex electric wave representative of sound to be recorded on said sound track for successively sampling the amplitude of said wave and for digitally encoding said samples successively, a continuous amplitude sample representing succession of parallel code words being thereby generated; second means for recording said code words successively on said sound track as a pattern of light dots recorded on said film, said second means being located along the length of said film where the motion of said film is substantially continuous and linear with time as said film is advanced, said second means including a plurality of electric-to-light transducers, each of said transducers responding to a corresponding digit of said code generated by said first means, and further including a plurality of fiber optic light conductors, each of said conductors being arranged to receive light pulses at a first end, from a corresponding one of said transducers, the second end of said optical fibers being directed generally perpendicular to the surfaces of said film within said sound track in a close-spaced, linear array extending generally transverse to the direction of advance of said film; third means for continuously converting said light dot patterns to digital codes in electrical form as said film is advanced for projection; fourth means including a digital-to-analog converter for reproducing said samples from a corresponding code words series from said third means, and for combining said reproduced samples for reconstituting said complex wave; fifth means responsive to said first means for rearranging the order of at least some of the bits of at least some of said code words according to a predetermined pattern for application to said second means; and sixth means responsive to said third means for again rearranging the order of said codes therefrom to reconstituted code words substantially the same as said code extant at the output of said first means, said sixth means applying a pattern which is the inverse of said fifth means predetermined pattern.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
37 words
Apparatus according to claim 1 in which said second means comprises a laser diode coupled to each of said optical fibers for recording said light dot patterns as successive parallel digital words as said film is traversed.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
14 words
Apparatus according to claim 1 in which said light-to-electric transducers are solid state photodiodes.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
31 words
Apparatus according to claim 1 in which said sampling is accomplished at a frequency at least 2 times the highest frequency of said complex wave which is expected to be recorded.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
31 words
The system according to claim 1 includes synchronizing means for providing a synchronizing pulse corresponding to each of said digital code words in said first, second, third, fourth and fifth means.
References Cited (Backward Citations)
USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1987-07-24 | 1988-01-23 | 1988-07-24 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1991-07-24 | 1992-01-23 | 1992-07-24 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1995-07-24 | 1996-01-23 | 1996-07-24 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |