Patent US4457896A successfully refreshed from Google Patents.
US4457896A
Expired / Lapsed
US
⏱️ 0.0 years remaining
Apparatus and process for fluidized solids systems
Assignee: Gas Technology Institute
•
Filing: 1982-08-02
•
Granted: 1984-07-03
•
Expires: 2002-08-02
Abstract
Abstract An apparatus and process for fluidized solids systems used in chemical and thermal processes wherein homogeneous, dense, fluidized bed conditions are attained at high superficial gas velocities with reduced back mixing of gases by use of multiple vertically arranged fluidized bed zones interconnected by downcomer conduits extending from the lower portion of an upper bed to the lower portion of a lower bed to provide high solids circulation.
Inventors
- 👤 Hisashi O. Kono
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-11-07 18:58
CPC Classifications
B; B01; B01J; B01J8/00; B01J8/18; B01J8/24; B01J8/38; B01J8/384; B01J8/386; B01J8/26; B01J8/28; C; C07; C07C; C07C5/00; C07C5/32; C07C5/327; C07C5/333; C07C5/3332
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 30
Claim 1
Independent Claim
236 words
Apparatus for conducting reactions in fluidized solids comprising: a vessel defining a continuous upward flow path for fluidizing gas sequentially through a plurality of vertically arranged fluidized bed zones; means for introducing said fluidizing gas in a lower portion of said vessel and means for removing said fluidizing gas in an upper portion of said vessel; a plurality of vertically arranged fluidized bed zones, each said fluidized bed zone having a baffle base plate having a plurality of apertures therethrough defining the lower boundary thereof, a dense homogeneous fluidized bed of said solids supported by said base plate, and a voidage space above said dense homogeneous fluidized bed extending to the lower boundary of an upper said vertically arranged fluidized bed zone; at least one downcomer conduit for downward passage of said solids having a top opening in the lower portion of one of said dense fluidized beds, said downcomer conduit extending to and having a bottom opening in the lower portion of a lower of said dense fluidized beds and at least one riser conduit for upward pasage of said solids having a bottom opening in the upper portion or above the surface of one of said fluidized beds, said riser conduit extending to and having a top opening in the lower portion of an upper of said fluidized beds, and said riser conduit having a larger diameter than said apertures in said base plates.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
236 words
Apparatus for conducting reactions in fluidized solids comprising: a vessel defining a continuous upward flow path for fluidizing gas sequentially through a plurality of vertically arranged fluidized bed zones; means for introducing said fluidizing gas in a lower portion of said vessel and means for removing said fluidizing gas in an upper portion of said vessel; a plurality of vertically arranged fluidized bed zones, each said fluidized bed zone having a baffle base plate having a plurality of apertures therethrough defining the lower boundary thereof, a dense homogeneous fluidized bed of said solids supported by said base plate, and a voidage space above said dense homogeneous fluidized bed extending to the lower boundary of an upper said vertically arranged fluidized bed zone; at least one downcomer conduit for downward passage of said solids having a top opening in the lower portion of one of said dense fluidized beds, said downcomer conduit extending to and having a bottom opening in the lower portion of a lower of said dense fluidized beds and at least one riser conduit for upward pasage of said solids having a bottom opening in the upper portion or above the surface of one of said fluidized beds, said riser conduit extending to and having a top opening in the lower portion of an upper of said fluidized beds, and said riser conduit having a larger diameter than said apertures in said base plates.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
34 words
The apparatus of claim 1 wherein each said downcomer conduit top opening and said downcomer conduit bottom opening is located in the lower twenty percent of the height of the respective fluidized bed zone.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
34 words
The apparatus of claim 1 wherein each said downcomer conduit top opening and said downcomer conduit bottom opening is located in the lower ten percent of the height of the respective fluidized bed zone.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
41 words
The apparatus of claim 1 wherein each said downcomer conduit top opening is directly in a baffle base plate and said downcomer conduit bottom opening is located in the lower ten percent of the height of the lower fluidized bed zone.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
21 words
The apparatus of claim 1 or 2 or 3 having more than one said downcomer conduit in each fluidized bed zone.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
25 words
The apparatus of claim 1 or 2 or 3 wherein said downcomer conduit comprises an annular conduit at the periphery of said fludized bed zones.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
26 words
The apparatus of claim 1 or 4 wherein said downcomer conduits extend through a vertically adjacent fluidized bed zone to a lower, non-adjacent fluidized bed zone.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
28 words
The apparatus of claim 1 wherein said at least one riser conduit bottom opening is located in the upper twenty percent of the height of said fluidized bed.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
23 words
The apparatus of claim 1 wherein said at least one riser conduit bottom opening is located above the surface of said fluidized bed.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
21 words
The apparatus of claim 1 wherein said at least one riser conduit top opening is directly in the baffle base plate.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
28 words
The apparatus of claim 1 comprising horizontal sets of said plurality of vertically arranged fluidized bed zones, said horizontal sets of fluidized bed zones separated by vertical partitions.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
18 words
The apparatus of claim 11 wherein said vertical partitions have openings providing communication between horizontally adjacent fluidized beds.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
28 words
The apparatus of claim 1 wherein said at least one riser conduit top opening is located in the lower ten percent of the height of the respective bed.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
22 words
The apparatus of claim 1 or 3 or 4 or 13 wherein said downcomer conduits extend to vertically adjacent fluidized bed zones.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
33 words
The apparatus of claim 9 or 13 wherein said downcomer conduits and said riser conduits extend through a vertically adjacent fluidized bed zone to a lower and upper, respectively, non-adjacent fluidized bed zone.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
188 words
A process for conducting reactions in fluidized solids comprising: maintaining a continuous upward flow of fluidizing gas sequentially through a plurality of vertically arranged fluidized bed zones, each said fluidized bed zone having a baffle base plate having a plurality of openings defining the lower boundary thereof, at a velocity to maintain solids in a dense homogeneous fluidized bed in fluidized condition and to maintain a free voidage volume above said fluidized bed in each said fluidized bed zone; mixing solids downwardly between said fluidized bed zones by passing solids in downcomer conduits from the lower portion of one of said fluidized bed zones to the lower portion of a lower of said fluidized bed zones; and mixing solids upwardly between fluidized bed zones by passage of solids through at least one riser conduit having a bottom opening in the upper portion or above the surface of one of said fluidized beds, said riser conduit extending to and having a top opening in the lower portion of an upper of said fluidized beds, and said riser conduit having a larger diameter than said openings in said base plates.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
188 words
A process for conducting reactions in fluidized solids comprising: maintaining a continuous upward flow of fluidizing gas sequentially through a plurality of vertically arranged fluidized bed zones, each said fluidized bed zone having a baffle base plate having a plurality of openings defining the lower boundary thereof, at a velocity to maintain solids in a dense homogeneous fluidized bed in fluidized condition and to maintain a free voidage volume above said fluidized bed in each said fluidized bed zone; mixing solids downwardly between said fluidized bed zones by passing solids in downcomer conduits from the lower portion of one of said fluidized bed zones to the lower portion of a lower of said fluidized bed zones; and mixing solids upwardly between fluidized bed zones by passage of solids through at least one riser conduit having a bottom opening in the upper portion or above the surface of one of said fluidized beds, said riser conduit extending to and having a top opening in the lower portion of an upper of said fluidized beds, and said riser conduit having a larger diameter than said openings in said base plates.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
28 words
The process of claim 16 wherein said downcomer conduit top and bottom opening is in the lower twenty percent of the height of the respective fluidized bed zone.
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
28 words
The process of claim 16 wherein said downcomer conduit top and bottom opening is in the lower ten percent of the height of the respective fluidized bed zone.
Claim 21
Dependent Claim
41 words
The process of claim 16 wherein each said downcomer conduit top opening is directly in a baffle base plate and said downcomer conduit bottom opening is located in the lower ten percent of the height of the lower fluidized bed zone.
Claim 22
Dependent Claim
17 words
The process of claim 16 having more than one said downcomer conduit in each fluidized bed zone.
Claim 23
Dependent Claim
21 words
The process of claim 16 wherein said downcomer conduit comprises an annular conduit at the periphery of said fluidized bed zones.
Claim 24
Dependent Claim
21 words
The process of claim 16 wherein said at least one riser conduit top opening is directly in the baffle base plate.
Claim 25
Dependent Claim
40 words
The process of claim 16 having horizontal sets of said plurality of vertically arranged fluidized bed zones and passing said fluidized solids between horizontally adjacent fluidized beds to maintain substantially equal fluidized bed heights in said horizontally adjacent fluidized beds.
Claim 26
Dependent Claim
16 words
The process of claim 16 wherein said downcomer conduits extend to vertically adjacent fluidized bed zones.
Claim 27
Dependent Claim
24 words
The process of claim 16 wherein said downcomer conduits extend through a vertically adjacent fluidized bed zone to a lower, non-adjacent fluidized bed zone.
Claim 28
Dependent Claim
18 words
The process of claim 16 wherein said fluidized solids comprise particles having average diameters less than 100 micrometers.
Claim 29
Dependent Claim
25 words
The process of claim 16 wherein the average retention time of solids in a single fluidized bed zone is about 10 to about 50 seconds.
Claim 30
Dependent Claim
25 words
The process of claim 16 wherein the average retention time of solids in a single fluidized bed zone is about 25 to about 35 seconds.
References Cited (Backward Citations)
CA509666A
Cited
US2378607A
Cited
US2399050A
Cited
US2367694A
Cited
US2433726A
Cited
US2579678A
Cited
DE1019646B
Cited
US2962362A
Cited
US3011969A
Cited
US3079222A
Cited
US3661799A
Cited
US3754051A
Cited
US3702819A
Cited
US4013543A
Cited
US4026674A
Cited
US4402822A
Cited
US4398594A
Cited
US4404084A
Cited
USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1987-07-03 | 1988-01-02 | 1988-07-03 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1991-07-03 | 1992-01-02 | 1992-07-03 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1995-07-03 | 1996-01-02 | 1996-07-03 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |