US4444565A
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US
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Method and fuel composition for control of octane requirement increase
Assignee: Union Oil Company of California
•
Filing: 1982-12-20
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Granted: 1984-04-24
•
Expires: 2002-12-20
Abstract
Abstract The control of the octane requirement increase phenomenon in a spark ignition internal combustion engine is achieved by introducing with the combustion charge a fuel composition containing an octane requirement increase-inhibiting amount of (a) an oil-soluble iron compound and (b) carboxylic acids and/or certain derivatives thereof. In particular the esters of a tertiary alcohol and an unsubstituted, mono-carboxylic acid having at least two carbon atoms, e.g., t-butylacetate, in combination with dicyclopentadienyl iron provides an effective octane requirement increase-inhibiting additive for unleaded gasoline.
Inventors
- 👤 Michael C. Croudace
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-11-01 21:07
CPC Classifications
C; C10; C10L; C10L10/00; C10L10/10; C10L1/00; C10L1/10; C10L1/14; C10L10/04; C10L1/18; C10L1/188; C10L1/1881; C10L1/19; C10L1/30; C10L1/305; F; F02; F02B; F02B75/00; F02B75/02; F02B2075/022; F02B2075/027
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 43
Claim 1
Independent Claim
75 words
A method for operating a spark ignition internal combustion engine which comprises introducing with the combustion intake charge to said engine an octane-requirement-increase inhibiting amount of (a) an oil-soluble iron compound and (b) an oil soluble oxygen-containing compound selected from the group consisting of mono carboxylic acids having from 2 to 10 carbon atoms and ester derivatives thereof derived from said monocarboxylic acid and a tertiary alkyl alcohol having from 1 to 8 carbon atoms.
Claim 2
Independent Claim
75 words
A method for operating a spark ignition internal combustion engine which comprises introducing with the combustion intake charge to said engine an octane-requirement-increase inhibiting amount of (a) an oil-soluble iron compound and (b) an oil soluble oxygen-containing compound selected from the group consisting of mono carboxylic acids having from 2 to 10 carbon atoms and ester derivatives thereof derived from said monocarboxylic acid and a tertiary alkyl alcohol having from 1 to 8 carbon atoms.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
23 words
The method of claim 1 wherein said oil-soluble iron compound is selected from the group consisting of dicyclopentadienyl iron and substituted derivatives thereof.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
13 words
The method of claim 1 wherein said oil-soluble iron compound is dicyclopentadienyl iron.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
27 words
The method of claim 1 wherein said oxygen containing compound is selected from the group consisting of the esters of C 2 to C 4 monocarboxylic acids.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
20 words
The method of claim 4 wherein said ester is the derivative of a C 2 to C 4 monocarboxylic acid.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
11 words
The method of claim 5 wherein said ester is t-butyl acetate.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
19 words
The method of claim 1 wherein said oil-soluble iron compound is dicyclopentadienyl iron and said oxygen-containing compound is t-butylacetate.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
40 words
The method of claim 1 wherein said oil-soluble iron compound is introduced into said engine at a concentration of from at least about 0.0001 to about 10 grams of iron per gallon of the fuel component of said intake charge.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
38 words
The method of claim 8 wherein said oil-soluble oxygen-containing compound is introduced into said engine at a concentration of from at least about 0.001 to about 10 grams per gallon of the fuel component of said intake charge.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
58 words
The method of claim 7 wherein dicyclopentadienyl iron is introduced into said engine at a concentration of from at least about 0.001 to about 5 grams of iron and said t-butylacetate is introduced into said engine at a concentration of at least about 0.001 to about 10 grams per gallon of the fuel component of said intake charge.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
69 words
A motor fuel composition comprising a mixture of a hydrocarbon of the gasoline boiling range and an octane requirement increase-inhibiting amount of (a) an oil-soluble iron compound and (b) and oil-soluble, oxygen-containing compound selected from the group consisting of mono carboxylic acids having from 2 to 10 carbon atoms, and esters thereof derived from said monocarboxylic acid and a tertiary alkyl alcohol having from 4 to 8 carbon atoms.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
69 words
A motor fuel composition comprising a mixture of a hydrocarbon of the gasoline boiling range and an octane requirement increase-inhibiting amount of (a) an oil-soluble iron compound and (b) and oil-soluble, oxygen-containing compound selected from the group consisting of mono carboxylic acids having from 2 to 10 carbon atoms, and esters thereof derived from said monocarboxylic acid and a tertiary alkyl alcohol having from 4 to 8 carbon atoms.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
23 words
The composition of claim 11 wherein said oil-soluble iron compound is selected from the group consisting of dicyclopentadienyl iron and substituted derivatives thereof.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
13 words
The composition of claim 11 wherein said oil-soluble iron compound is dicyclopentadienyl iron.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
26 words
The composition of claim 12 wherein said oxygen-containing compound is selected from the group consisting of the esters of C 2 to C 4 monocarboxylic acids.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
10 words
The composition of claim 14 wherein said ester is t-butylacetate.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
19 words
The composition of claim 11 wherein said oil-soluble iron compound is dicyclopentadienyl iron and said oxygen-containing compound is t-butylacetate.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
42 words
The composition of claim 12 wherein said oil-soluble iron compound is present at a concentration of at least about 0.0001 grams of iron and said oil-soluble oxygen-containing compound is present at a concentration of from at least about 0.001 grams per gallon.
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
45 words
The composition of claim 16 wherein said dicyclopentadienyl iron is present at a concentration of from about 0.0001 to about 10 grams of iron and said t-butyl acetate is present at a concentration of from at least about 0.001 to about 10 grams per gallon.
Claim 21
Dependent Claim
42 words
The composition of claim 17 wherein said dicyclopentadienyl iron is present at a concentration of from about 0.015 to about 0.04 grams iron per gallon, and said t-butyl acetate is present at a concentration of at least about 0.1 grams per gallon.
Claim 22
Dependent Claim
85 words
A concentrate suitable for use in liquid hydrocarbon fuel in the gasoline boiling range comprising: (a) an oil-soluble iron compound, (b) an oil-soluble oxygen-containing compound selected from the group consisting of mono carboxylic acids having from 2 to 10 carbon atoms and ester derivatives thereof derived from said momocarboxylic acid and a tertiary alkyl alcohol having from 4 to 8 carbon atoms and (c) a fuel compatible diluent boiling in the range of from about 50° C. (122° F.) to about 232° C. (450° F.).
Claim 23
Dependent Claim
85 words
A concentrate suitable for use in liquid hydrocarbon fuel in the gasoline boiling range comprising: (a) an oil-soluble iron compound, (b) an oil-soluble oxygen-containing compound selected from the group consisting of mono carboxylic acids having from 2 to 10 carbon atoms and ester derivatives thereof derived from said momocarboxylic acid and a tertiary alkyl alcohol having from 4 to 8 carbon atoms and (c) a fuel compatible diluent boiling in the range of from about 50° C. (122° F.) to about 232° C. (450° F.).
Claim 24
Dependent Claim
23 words
The concentrate of claim 20 wherein said oil-soluble iron compound is selected from the group consisting of dicyclopentadienyl iron and substituted derivatives thereof.
Claim 25
Dependent Claim
13 words
The concentrate of claim 20 wherein said oil-soluble iron compound is dicyclopentadienyl iron.
Claim 26
Dependent Claim
27 words
The concentrate of claim 21 wherein said oxygen containing compound is selected from the group consisting of the esters of C 2 to C 4 monocarboxylic acids.
Claim 27
Dependent Claim
20 words
The concentrate of claim 24 wherein said ester is the derivative of a C 2 to C 4 monocarboxylic acid.
Claim 28
Dependent Claim
10 words
The concentrate of claim 24 wherein said ester is t-butylacetate.
Claim 29
Dependent Claim
19 words
The concentrate of claim 20 wherein said oil-soluble iron compound is dicyclopentadienyl iron and said oxygen-containing compound is t-butylacetate.
Claim 30
Dependent Claim
21 words
The concentrate of claim 21 wherein said diluent is selected from the group consisting of hydrocarbons, oxygenated hydrocarbons and mixtures thereof.
Claim 31
Dependent Claim
12 words
The concentrate of claim 27 wherein said hydrocarbon is an aromatic hydrocarbon.
Claim 32
Dependent Claim
49 words
The concentrate of claim 20 wherein said oil-soluble iron compound is present at a concentration of from at least about 1 to about 50 grams of iron and said oil-soluble, oxygen-containing compound is present at a concentration of from at least about 10 to about 100 grams per gallon.
Claim 33
Dependent Claim
17 words
The composition of claim 12 wherein said substituted derivatives of dicyclopentadienyl iron are lower alkyl substituted derivatives.
Claim 34
Dependent Claim
27 words
The composition of claim 11 wherein said oil-soluble, oxygen-containing compound is present at a concentration of from 0.001 to about 10 grams per gallon of motor fuel.
Claim 35
Independent Claim
54 words
A method for reversing the octane requirement increase of a spark ignition internal combustion engine which comprises introducing with the combustion intake charge to said engine an octane-requirement-increase inhibiting amount of (a) an oil-soluble iron compound and (b) an oil-soluble oxygen-containing compound selected from the group consisting of carboxylic acids and ester derivatives thereof.
Claim 36
Independent Claim
54 words
A method for reversing the octane requirement increase of a spark ignition internal combustion engine which comprises introducing with the combustion intake charge to said engine an octane-requirement-increase inhibiting amount of (a) an oil-soluble iron compound and (b) an oil-soluble oxygen-containing compound selected from the group consisting of carboxylic acids and ester derivatives thereof.
Claim 37
Dependent Claim
23 words
The method of claim 32 wherein said oil-soluble iron compound is selected from the group consisting of dicyclopentadienyl iron and substituted derivatives thereof.
Claim 38
Dependent Claim
17 words
The method of claim 33 wherein said substituted derivatives of dicyclopentadienyl iron are lower allkyl substituted derivatives.
Claim 39
Dependent Claim
13 words
The method of claim 32 wherein said oil-soluble iron compound is dicyclopentadienyl iron.
Claim 40
Dependent Claim
27 words
The method of claim 33 wherein said oxygen containing compound is selected from the group consisting of the esters of C 2 to C 10 monocarboxylic acids.
Claim 41
Dependent Claim
30 words
The method of claim 36 wherein said ester is the derivative of a C 2 to C 4 monocarboxylic acid and a C 4 to C 8 tertiary alkyl alcohol.
Claim 42
Dependent Claim
11 words
The method of claim 37 wherein said ester is t-butyl acetate.
Claim 43
Dependent Claim
17 words
The method of claim 2 wherein said substituted derivatives of dicyclopentadienyl iron are lower alkyl substituted derivatives.
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USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1987-04-24 | 1987-10-24 | 1988-04-24 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1991-04-24 | 1991-10-24 | 1992-04-24 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1995-04-24 | 1995-10-24 | 1996-04-24 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |