US4438453A
Expired / Lapsed
US
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Constant light greyscale generator for CRT color camera system
Assignee: Polaroid Corp
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Filing: 1982-01-21
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Granted: 1984-03-20
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Expires: 2002-01-21
Abstract
Abstract A hard copy of a video frame represented by periodic video signals is obtained by dividing the range of amplitude of the video signals into N levels, converting the video signals into N two-level brightness distributions on the screen of a monochromatic CRT under the condition that a pixel in the ith distribution has the upper of two levels only if the level of the video signal representing the corresponding pixel in the frame exceeds the ith level, and exposing a photosensitive sheet to light from the screen. Thus, each pixel on the sheet is exposed to light of predetermined brightness for a period of time functionally dependent on the level of the video signal represented by the corresponding pixel in the frame.
Inventors
- 👤 Lawrence E. Alston
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-24 08:39
CPC Classifications
H; H04; H04N; H04N1/00; H04N1/46; H04N1/50; H04N1/506; H04N1/508; H04N1/40; H04N1/40025; H04N1/4005
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 28
Claim 1
Independent Claim
189 words
A method of obtaining a hard copy of a video frame represented by periodic video signals which lie within a predetermined range of amplitudes that define N levels of brightness comprising the steps of: comparing the amplitude of the video signals with a reference signal level to provide a select output signal when the amplitude of the video signals is at least equal to the amplitude of said reference signal; shifting the reference signal level through N levels corresponding to the N levels of brightness defined by the predetermined range of video signal amplitudes at a frequency functionally related to and synchronized with the periodic frequency of the video signals; deflecting a CRT in response to the sync signals in the video signals so as to cause the beam of the CRT to trace out a raster on the screen of the CRT and controlling the intensity of the beam to provide a two-level brightness distribution with the upper of said two levels of brightness occuring in response to said select output signal from said comparator; and exposing a sheet of photosensitive material to the screen of the CRT.
Claim 2
Independent Claim
189 words
A method of obtaining a hard copy of a video frame represented by periodic video signals which lie within a predetermined range of amplitudes that define N levels of brightness comprising the steps of: comparing the amplitude of the video signals with a reference signal level to provide a select output signal when the amplitude of the video signals is at least equal to the amplitude of said reference signal; shifting the reference signal level through N levels corresponding to the N levels of brightness defined by the predetermined range of video signal amplitudes at a frequency functionally related to and synchronized with the periodic frequency of the video signals; deflecting a CRT in response to the sync signals in the video signals so as to cause the beam of the CRT to trace out a raster on the screen of the CRT and controlling the intensity of the beam to provide a two-level brightness distribution with the upper of said two levels of brightness occuring in response to said select output signal from said comparator; and exposing a sheet of photosensitive material to the screen of the CRT.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
49 words
A method according to claim 1 wherein the period of time for which each pixel on the sheet is exposed to light at the upper of the two levels of brightness is a non-linear function of the amplitude of the video signal representing the corresponding pixel of the frame.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
39 words
A method according to claim 2 wherein the video signal represents a frame of a color-separation image, the color of the light to which the photosensitive sheet is exposed being the same as the color of the color-separation image.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
28 words
A method for obtaining a color hard copy of a color video frame by sequentially using the method of claim 3 for red, blue, and green color-separation images.
Claim 6
Independent Claim
176 words
An apparatus for obtaining a hard copy of a video frame represented by a periodic video signal comprising: (a) a comparator having signal and reference inputs for producing an output when the signal applied to its signal input exceeds a threshold defined by the voltage applied to its reference input; (b) means for applying said video signal to the signal input of said comparator; (c) means for shifting said voltage applied to the reference input of said comparator at a frequency functionally related to and synchronized with the periodic frequency of the video signal; (d) a CRT having a deflection circuit responsive to the sync signal in the periodic video signal for causing the beam of the CRT to trace out a raster on the screen of the CRT, and having an intensity control responsive to the output of said comparator for controlling the intensity of the beam whereby a two-level brightness distribution is produced on the screen; and (e) means for stationing a sheet of photosensitive material for exposure to the screen of the CRT.
Claim 7
Independent Claim
176 words
An apparatus for obtaining a hard copy of a video frame represented by a periodic video signal comprising: (a) a comparator having signal and reference inputs for producing an output when the signal applied to its signal input exceeds a threshold defined by the voltage applied to its reference input; (b) means for applying said video signal to the signal input of said comparator; (c) means for shifting said voltage applied to the reference input of said comparator at a frequency functionally related to and synchronized with the periodic frequency of the video signal; (d) a CRT having a deflection circuit responsive to the sync signal in the periodic video signal for causing the beam of the CRT to trace out a raster on the screen of the CRT, and having an intensity control responsive to the output of said comparator for controlling the intensity of the beam whereby a two-level brightness distribution is produced on the screen; and (e) means for stationing a sheet of photosensitive material for exposure to the screen of the CRT.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
47 words
Apparatus according to claim 5 wherein the means for shifting said voltage applied to the reference input of said comparator includes means for establishing and maintaining said voltage at each of a plurality of predetermined levels for a period of time functionally related to that predetermined level.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
34 words
Apparatus according to claim 6 wherein said means for establishing and maintaining said voltage is constructed and arranged so that each said period of time is a non-linear function of its said predetermined level.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
71 words
Apparatus according to claim 7 wherein said means for establishing and maintaining said voltage comprises a level counter whose contents represent one of said plurality of predetermined levels, and a look-up table comprising a plurality of cells addressed by the contents of said level counter, wherein the contents of the cell addressed by said counter represents the time during which said voltage is applied to the reference input of said comparator.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
93 words
Apparatus according to claim 8 wherein said means for establishing and maintaining said voltage includes a variable divider circuit responsive to the contents of the cell addressed by said level counter for producing an output pulse when the number of input pulses to said divider counter equals the contents of the cell addressed by said level counter, and a sync stripper responsive to the periodic video signals for producing a train of frame pulses which are synchronized with the periodic video signals, and which are applied to the input of said divider circuit.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
19 words
Apparatus according to claim 9 wherein said level counter increments in response to the output of said divider circuit.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
38 words
Apparatus according to claim 9 wherein said means for establishing and maintaining said voltage produces a voltage which is representative of the contents of said level counter, and which is applied to the reference input of said comparator.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
40 words
Apparatus according to claim 11 wherein the means for establishing and maintaining said voltage includes a sync counter incremented by the output of said comparator, and a DAC responsive to the contents of said sync counter for producing said voltage.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
15 words
Apparatus according to claim 12 wherein said sync counter is separate from said level counter.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
14 words
Apparatus according to claim 12 including means for stopping and resetting said level counter.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
21 words
Apparatus according to claim 14 wherein said means for stopping and resetting is responsive to the contents of said sync counter.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
27 words
Apparatus according to claim 15 wherein said means for stopping and resetting is also responsive to the failure of the video signals to exceed a selected level.
Claim 19
Independent Claim
154 words
A method of obtaining a hard copy of a video frame represented by periodic video signals which lie within a predetermined range of amplitudes that define N levels of brightness comprising the steps of: comparing the amplitude of the video signals with a reference signal level to provide a select output signal when the amplitude of the video signals is at least equal to the amplitude of said reference signal; shifting the reference signal level through N levels corresponding to the N levels of brightness defined by the predetermined range of video signal amplitudes at a frequency functionally related to and synchronized with the periodic frequency of the video signals; controlling the intensity of a display screen to provide a two-level brightness distribution with the upper of said two levels of brightness occuring in response to said select output signal from said comparator; and exposing a sheet of photosensitive material to said display screen.
Claim 20
Independent Claim
154 words
A method of obtaining a hard copy of a video frame represented by periodic video signals which lie within a predetermined range of amplitudes that define N levels of brightness comprising the steps of: comparing the amplitude of the video signals with a reference signal level to provide a select output signal when the amplitude of the video signals is at least equal to the amplitude of said reference signal; shifting the reference signal level through N levels corresponding to the N levels of brightness defined by the predetermined range of video signal amplitudes at a frequency functionally related to and synchronized with the periodic frequency of the video signals; controlling the intensity of a display screen to provide a two-level brightness distribution with the upper of said two levels of brightness occuring in response to said select output signal from said comparator; and exposing a sheet of photosensitive material to said display screen.
Claim 21
Dependent Claim
49 words
A method according to claim 1 wherein the period of time for which each pixel on the sheet is exposed to light at the upper of the two levels of brightness is a non-linear function of the amplitude of the video signal representing the corresponding pixel of the frame.
Claim 22
Dependent Claim
39 words
A method according to claim 18 wherein the video signal represents a frame of a color-separation image, the color of the light to which the photosensitive sheet is exposed being the same as the color of the color-separation image.
Claim 23
Dependent Claim
28 words
A method for obtaining a color hard copy of a color video frame by sequentially using the method of claim 17 for red, blue, and green color-separation images.
Claim 24
Independent Claim
144 words
An apparatus for obtaining a hard copy of a video frame represented by a periodic video signal comprising: (a) a comparator having signal and reference inputs for producing an output when the signal applied to its signal input exceeds a threshold defined by the voltage applied to its reference input; (b) means for applying said video signal to the signal input of said comparator; (c) means for shifting said voltage applied to the reference input of said comparator at a frequency functionally related to and synchronized with the periodic frequency of the video signal; (d) a display screen; (e) an intensity control responsive to the output of said comparator for controlling the intensity of said display screen whereby a two-level brightness distribution is produced on said display screen; and (f) means for stationing a sheet of photosensitive material for exposure to said display screen.
Claim 25
Independent Claim
144 words
An apparatus for obtaining a hard copy of a video frame represented by a periodic video signal comprising: (a) a comparator having signal and reference inputs for producing an output when the signal applied to its signal input exceeds a threshold defined by the voltage applied to its reference input; (b) means for applying said video signal to the signal input of said comparator; (c) means for shifting said voltage applied to the reference input of said comparator at a frequency functionally related to and synchronized with the periodic frequency of the video signal; (d) a display screen; (e) an intensity control responsive to the output of said comparator for controlling the intensity of said display screen whereby a two-level brightness distribution is produced on said display screen; and (f) means for stationing a sheet of photosensitive material for exposure to said display screen.
Claim 26
Dependent Claim
47 words
Apparatus according to claim 21 wherein the means for shifting said voltage applied to the reference input of said comparator includes means for establishing and maintaining said voltage at each of a plurality of predetermined levels for a period of time functionally related to that predetermined level.
Claim 27
Dependent Claim
34 words
Apparatus according to claim 22 wherein said means for establishing and maintaining said voltage is constructed and arranged so that each said period of time is a non-linear function of its said predetermined level.
Claim 28
Dependent Claim
71 words
Apparatus according to claim 23 wherein said means for establishing and maintaining said voltage comprises a level counter whose contents represent one of said plurality of predetermined levels, and a look-up table comprising a plurality of cells addressed by the contents of said level counter, wherein the contents of the cell addressed by said counter represents the time during which said voltage is applied to the reference input of said comparator.
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USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1987-03-20 | 1987-09-19 | 1988-03-20 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1991-03-20 | 1991-09-19 | 1992-03-20 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1995-03-20 | 1995-09-19 | 1996-03-20 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |