US4414337A
Expired / Lapsed
US
⏱️ 0.0 years remaining
Shaped ceramics
Assignee: Siemens Energy Inc
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Filing: 1982-05-19
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Granted: 1983-11-08
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Expires: 2002-05-19
Abstract
Abstract A composition is disclosed of about 0.45 to about 5.5 percent of an organic water-soluble binder which has a thermal decomposition temperature of about 100 to about 500 DEG C. and a viscosity of less than about 10,000 poises at 20 DEG C., about 1.5 to about 4.0 percent of a starch which has a thermal decomposition temperature of about 250 to about 535 DEG C. where the thermal decomposition temperature of the binder and the starch are at least about 50 DEG C. apart, about 1.5 to about 3.5 percent cellulose, about 0.5 to about 2.0 percent of a dispersant, and about 7 to about 11 percent water, and about 75 to about 89 percent of a high temperature refractory material such as stabilized zirconia. The composition is de-aired, formed into a shape, and fired to produce a ceramic structure.
Inventors
- 👤 Yoshio Ichikawa
- 👤 George M. Halgas
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-28 08:24
CPC Classifications
C; C04; C04B; C04B35/00; C04B35/622; C04B35/626; C04B35/63; C04B35/632; C04B35/634; C04B35/63404; C04B35/63416; C04B35/01; C04B35/48; C04B35/486; C04B35/636; C04B35/6365; C04B35/64; H; H01; H01M; H01M8/00; H01M8/10; H01M8/12; H01M8/1231; Y; Y02; Y02E; Y02E60/00; Y02E60/30; Y02E60/50
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 30
Claim 1
Independent Claim
123 words
A composition comprising: (a) about 0.45 to about 5.5 percent of an organic water-soluble binder which has a thermal decomposition temperature of about 100° to about 500° C. and a viscosity of less than about 10,000 poises at 20° C.; (b) about 1.5 to about 4.0 percent of a starch which has a thermal decomposition temperature of about 250° to about 535° C., where the thermal decomposition temperature of said binder and said starch are at least about 50° C. apart; (c) about 1.5 to about 3.5 percent of cellulose; (d) about 0.5 to about 2.0 percent of a dispersant; (e) about 7 to about 11 percent of water; and (f) about 75 to about 89 percent of a high temperature refractory material.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
123 words
A composition comprising: (a) about 0.45 to about 5.5 percent of an organic water-soluble binder which has a thermal decomposition temperature of about 100° to about 500° C. and a viscosity of less than about 10,000 poises at 20° C.; (b) about 1.5 to about 4.0 percent of a starch which has a thermal decomposition temperature of about 250° to about 535° C., where the thermal decomposition temperature of said binder and said starch are at least about 50° C. apart; (c) about 1.5 to about 3.5 percent of cellulose; (d) about 0.5 to about 2.0 percent of a dispersant; (e) about 7 to about 11 percent of water; and (f) about 75 to about 89 percent of a high temperature refractory material.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
12 words
A composition according to claim 1 wherein said binder is polyvinyl alcohol.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
11 words
A composition according to claim 1 wherein said starch is cornstarch.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
18 words
A composition according to claim 1 wherein said cellulose has a particle size less than about 200 mesh.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
16 words
A composition according to claim 1 wherein said dispersant is ammonia neutralized condensed naphthalene sulfonic acid.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
13 words
A composition according to claim 1 wherein said refractory material is stabilized zirconia.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
13 words
A composition according to claim 1 wherein said zirconia is stabilized with calcia.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
123 words
A composition comprising: (a) about 0.75 to about 4.0 percent of an organic water-soluble binder which has a thermal decomposition temperature of about 100° to about 500° C. and a viscosity of less than about 10,000 poises at 20° C.; (b) about 3.0 to about 3.5 percent of a starch which has a thermal decomposition temperature of about 250° to about 535° C., where the thermal decomposition temperature of said binder and said starch are at least about 50° C. apart; (c) about 2.0 to about 2.5 percent of cellulose; (d) about 0.75 to about 1.5 percent of a dispersant; (e) about 8 to about 10 percent of water; and (f) about 79 to about 85 percent of a high temperature refractory material.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
123 words
A composition comprising: (a) about 0.75 to about 4.0 percent of an organic water-soluble binder which has a thermal decomposition temperature of about 100° to about 500° C. and a viscosity of less than about 10,000 poises at 20° C.; (b) about 3.0 to about 3.5 percent of a starch which has a thermal decomposition temperature of about 250° to about 535° C., where the thermal decomposition temperature of said binder and said starch are at least about 50° C. apart; (c) about 2.0 to about 2.5 percent of cellulose; (d) about 0.75 to about 1.5 percent of a dispersant; (e) about 8 to about 10 percent of water; and (f) about 79 to about 85 percent of a high temperature refractory material.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
36 words
A method of making a shaped ceramic comprising: (a) preparing a composition according to claim 1; (b) forming said composition into a shape; and (c) firing said composition at a temperature above its ceramic conversion temperature.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
27 words
A method according to claim 9 wherein the starch, cellulose, dispersant, and refractory material are mixed then added to a solution of the binder in the water.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
21 words
A method according to claim 9 wherein said composition is extruded into the shape of a tube of circular cross section.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
65 words
A method according to claim 11 wherein a plug of said composition containing refractory material previously fired at a higher temperature is placed in one end of said cylinder and a collar of said composition containing a refractory material previously fired at a lower temperature is placed around the other end of said cylinder, and said cylinder is hung vertically from said collar during firing.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
32 words
A method according to claim 9 wherein said refractory material is a mixture of a refractory material fired at two different temperatures and said extruded composition is fired at an intermediate temperature.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
18 words
A method according to claim 9 including the additional step of de-airing said composition prior to firing it.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
15 words
A method according to claim 9 wherein said composition is fired at slowly increasing temperatures.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
10 words
A tube prepared according to the method of claim 9.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
12 words
A method according to claim 9 wherein said binder is polyvinyl alcohol.
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
11 words
A method according to claim 9 wherein said starch is cornstarch.
Claim 21
Dependent Claim
18 words
A method according to claim 9 wherein said cellulose has a particle size less than about 200 mesh.
Claim 22
Dependent Claim
16 words
A method according to claim 9 wherein said dispersant is ammonia neutralized condensed napthalene sulfonic acid.
Claim 23
Dependent Claim
13 words
A method according to claim 9 wherein said refractory material is stabilized zirconia.
Claim 24
Dependent Claim
13 words
A method according to claim 9 wherein said zirconia is stabilized with calcia.
Claim 25
Independent Claim
219 words
A method of making a ceramic tube sealed with a ceramic plug at one end comprising: (1) preparing a composition which comprises: (a) about 0.75 to about 4.0 percent of an organic water-soluble binder which has a thermal decomposition temperature of about 100° to about 500° C. and a viscosity of less than about 10,000 poises at 20° C.; (b) about 3.0 to about 3.5 percent of a starch which has a thermal decomposition temperature of about 250° to about 535° C., where the thermal decomposition temperature of said binder and said starch are at least about 50° C. apart; (c) about 2.0 to about 2.5 percent of cellulose; (d) about 0.75 to about 1.5 percent of a dispersant; (e) about 8 to about 10 percent of water; and (f) about 79 to about 85 percent of a high temperature refractory material; (2) de-airing said composition; (3) forming said composition into the shape of a tube; (4) inserting a plug of said composition containing refractory material previously fired at a higher temperature into one end of said tube and a collar of said composition containing a refractory material previously fired at a lower temperature around the other end of said tube; (5) hanging said tube vertically; and (6) firing said tube at a temperature above its ceramic conversion temperature.
Claim 26
Independent Claim
219 words
A method of making a ceramic tube sealed with a ceramic plug at one end comprising: (1) preparing a composition which comprises: (a) about 0.75 to about 4.0 percent of an organic water-soluble binder which has a thermal decomposition temperature of about 100° to about 500° C. and a viscosity of less than about 10,000 poises at 20° C.; (b) about 3.0 to about 3.5 percent of a starch which has a thermal decomposition temperature of about 250° to about 535° C., where the thermal decomposition temperature of said binder and said starch are at least about 50° C. apart; (c) about 2.0 to about 2.5 percent of cellulose; (d) about 0.75 to about 1.5 percent of a dispersant; (e) about 8 to about 10 percent of water; and (f) about 79 to about 85 percent of a high temperature refractory material; (2) de-airing said composition; (3) forming said composition into the shape of a tube; (4) inserting a plug of said composition containing refractory material previously fired at a higher temperature into one end of said tube and a collar of said composition containing a refractory material previously fired at a lower temperature around the other end of said tube; (5) hanging said tube vertically; and (6) firing said tube at a temperature above its ceramic conversion temperature.
Claim 27
Dependent Claim
27 words
A method according to claim 23 wherein the starch, cellulose, dispersant, and refractory material are mixed then added to a solution of the binder in the water.
Claim 28
Dependent Claim
32 words
A method according to claim 23 wherein said refractory material is a mixture of a refractory material fired at two different temperatures and said extruded composition is fired at an intermediate temperature.
Claim 29
Dependent Claim
15 words
A method according to claim 23 wherein said composition is fired at slowly increasing temperatures.
Claim 30
Dependent Claim
10 words
A tube prepared according to the method of claim 23.
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USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1986-11-07 | 1987-05-09 | 1987-11-08 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1990-11-07 | 1991-05-09 | 1991-11-08 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1994-11-07 | 1995-05-09 | 1995-11-08 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |