US4411974A
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Ortho-halo phenyl carboxylic acid charge enhancing additives
Assignee: Xerox Corp
•
Filing: 1982-04-12
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Granted: 1983-10-25
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Expires: 2002-04-12
Abstract
Abstract This invention is directed to negatively charged toner compositions, and developer compositions, the toner composition being comprised of resin particles, and pigment particles, and from about 0.1 to about 10 percent based on the weight of the resin particles, a ortho-halo pheny carboxylic acid charge enhancing additive of the formula: <IMAGE> wherein X is halogen, Y is hydrogen or halogen, and R is an alkylene group of from 1 to about 3 carbon atoms, and n is the number zero (O) or 1; as well as to methods of utilizing such compositions in electrostatographic imaging systems, particularly those systems wherein colored images are produced.
Inventors
- 👤 Chin H. Lu
- 👤 Christopher J. Au Clair
- 👤 Peter F. Erhardt
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-25 14:05
CPC Classifications
G; G03; G03G; G03G9/00; G03G9/08; G03G9/097; G03G9/09733; G03G9/09775; G03G9/09766
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 36
Claim 1
Independent Claim
66 words
A dry negatively charged toner composition comprised of resin particles, and pigment particles, and from about 0.1 to about 10 weight percent of an ortho-halo phenyl carboxylic acid charge enhancing additive of the formula: ##STR3## wherein X is halogen, Y is hydrogen or halogen, R is an alkylene group of from 1 to about 3 carbon atoms, and n is the number zero (0) or 1.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
66 words
A dry negatively charged toner composition comprised of resin particles, and pigment particles, and from about 0.1 to about 10 weight percent of an ortho-halo phenyl carboxylic acid charge enhancing additive of the formula: ##STR3## wherein X is halogen, Y is hydrogen or halogen, R is an alkylene group of from 1 to about 3 carbon atoms, and n is the number zero (0) or 1.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
15 words
A toner composition in accordance with claim 1 wherein X is fluoride, chloride, or bromide.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
15 words
A toner composition in accordance with claim 1 wherein Y is fluoride, chloride or bromide.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
18 words
A toner composition in accordance with claim 1 wherein X and Y are halogen, and R is methylene.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
12 words
A toner composition in accordance with claim 1 wherein n is zero.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
17 words
A toner composition in accordance with claim 1 wherein the charge enhancing additive is ortho-fluoro benzoic acid.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
17 words
A toner composition in accordance with claim 1 wherein the charge enhancing additive is 2,6-difluoro benzoic acid.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
17 words
A toner composition in accordance with claim 1 wherein the charge enhancing additive is 2-fluoro-6-chloro benzoic acid.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
31 words
A toner composition in accordance with claim 1 wherein the charge enhancing additive is 2-fluoro phenyl acetic acid, 2-fluoro-6-chloro phenyl acetic acid, 2-fluoro phenyl propionic acid, or 2-fluoro-6-chloro phenyl propionic acid.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
17 words
A toner composition in accordance with claim 1 wherein the resin is a styrene/n-butyl methacrylate copolymer resin.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
21 words
A toner composition in accordance with claim 1 wherein the pigment particles are carbon black, cyan, magenta, yellow or mixtures thereof.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
72 words
A developer composition comprised carrier particles, and negatively charged toner particles, comprised of resin particles and pigment particles, and from about 0.1 percent by weight to about 10 percent by weight of an ortho-halo phenyl carboxylic acid of the formula: ##STR4## wherein X is halogen, Y is hydrogen or halogen, R is an alkylene group of from 1 to about 3 carbon atoms, and n is the number zero (0) or 1.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
72 words
A developer composition comprised carrier particles, and negatively charged toner particles, comprised of resin particles and pigment particles, and from about 0.1 percent by weight to about 10 percent by weight of an ortho-halo phenyl carboxylic acid of the formula: ##STR4## wherein X is halogen, Y is hydrogen or halogen, R is an alkylene group of from 1 to about 3 carbon atoms, and n is the number zero (0) or 1.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
24 words
A developer composition in accordance with claim 12 wherein X and Y are halogen selected from fluoride, bromide and chloride, and R is methylene.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
12 words
A developer composition in accordance with claim 12 wherein n is zero.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
17 words
A developer composition in accordance with claim 12 wherein the charge enhancing additive is ortho-fluoro benozic acid.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
17 words
A developer composition in accordance with claim 12 wherein the charge enhancing additive is 2,6-difluoro benzoic acid.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
17 words
A developer composition in accordance with claim 12 wherein the charge enhancing additive is 2-fluoro-6-chloro benzoic acid.
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
32 words
A developer composition in accordance with claim 12 wherein the charge enhancing additive is 2-fluoro phenyl acetic acid, 2-fluoro-6-chloro phenyl acetic acid, 2-fluoro phenyl propionic acid, or 2 fluoro-6-chloro phenyl propionic acid.
Claim 21
Dependent Claim
17 words
A developer composition in accordance with claim 12 wherein the resin is a styrene/n-butyl methacrylate copolymer resin.
Claim 22
Dependent Claim
28 words
A developer composition in accordance with claim 12 wherein the carrier particles consist of a steel core coated with a terpolymer of styrene, methyl methacrylate, and a silane.
Claim 23
Dependent Claim
14 words
A developer composition in accordance with claim 12 wherein the pigment is carbon black.
Claim 24
Dependent Claim
27 words
A developer composition in accordance with claim 12 wherein the pigment particles are comprised of a material selected from cyan, magenta and yellow pigments, or mixtures thereof.
Claim 25
Dependent Claim
15 words
A developer composition in accordance with claim 22 wherein the cyan pigment is copper tetra-4(octadecylsulfonomido)phthalocyanine.
Claim 26
Dependent Claim
14 words
A developer composition in accordance with claim 22 wherein the magenta pigment is 2,9-dimethylquinacridone.
Claim 27
Dependent Claim
16 words
A developer composition in accordance with claim 22 wherein the yellow pigment is 2,5-dimethoxy-4-sulfonoanilide phenylazo-4'-chloro-2,5-dimethoxy aceto-acetanilide.
Claim 28
Dependent Claim
46 words
A method for developing electrostatic latent images comprising forming a positive electrostatic latent image on an inorganic photoresponsive device, contacting the resulting image with the toner composition of claim 1, followed by transferring the image to a suitable substrate and optionally, permanently affixing the image thereto.
Claim 29
Dependent Claim
29 words
A method of imaging in accordance with claim 26 wherein the pigment particles are comprised of cyan, magenta, and yellow pigments, or mixtures thereof, and there results color images.
Claim 30
Dependent Claim
19 words
A method of imaging in accordance with claim 27 wherein the ortho-halo phenyl carboxylic acid is ortho-fluoro benzoic acid.
Claim 31
Dependent Claim
29 words
A method of imaging in accordance with claim 26 wherein the carrier particles consist of a steel core coated with a terpolymer of styrene, methyl methacrylate, and a silane.
Claim 32
Dependent Claim
20 words
A method of imaging in accordance with claim 26 wherein the resin particles are comprised of a styrene/n-butylmethacrylate copolymer resin.
Claim 33
Dependent Claim
73 words
An improved colored developer composition comprised of negatively charged toner particles, and carrier particles, wherein the toner particles are comprised of resin particles, pigment particles selected from cyan, magenta, yellow, or mixtures thereof, and from about 0.1 percent by weight to about 10 percent by weight of 2-fluoro benzoic acid, 2,6-difluoro benzoic acid, 2-fluoro-6-chloro benzoic acid, 2-fluoro phenyl acetic acid, 2-fluoro-6-chloro phenyl acetic acid, 2-fluoro phenyl propionic acid, or 2-fluoro-6-chloro phenyl propionic acid.
Claim 34
Dependent Claim
73 words
An improved colored developer composition comprised of negatively charged toner particles, and carrier particles, wherein the toner particles are comprised of resin particles, pigment particles selected from cyan, magenta, yellow, or mixtures thereof, and from about 0.1 percent by weight to about 10 percent by weight of 2-fluoro benzoic acid, 2,6-difluoro benzoic acid, 2-fluoro-6-chloro benzoic acid, 2-fluoro phenyl acetic acid, 2-fluoro-6-chloro phenyl acetic acid, 2-fluoro phenyl propionic acid, or 2-fluoro-6-chloro phenyl propionic acid.
Claim 35
Dependent Claim
41 words
An improved developer composition in accordance with claim 31 wherein the resin particles are comprised of a styrene/n-butylmethacrylate copolymer, the yellow pigment is 2,5-dimethoxy-4-sulfonoanilide phenylazo-4'-chloro-2,5-dimethoxy aceto-acetanilide, the cyan pigment is copper tetra-4(octadecylsulfonomido)phthalocyanine, and the charge enhancing additive is 2-fluoro benzoic acid.
Claim 36
Dependent Claim
31 words
An improved developer composition in accordance with claim 31 wherein the magenta pigment is 2,9-dimethylquinacridone, the yellow pigment is 2,5-dimethoxy-4-sulfonoanilide phenylazo-4'-chloro-2,5-dimethoxy aceto-acetanilide, and the charge enhancing additive is 2-fluoro benzoic acid.
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USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1986-10-24 | 1987-04-25 | 1987-10-25 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1990-10-24 | 1991-04-25 | 1991-10-25 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1994-10-24 | 1995-04-25 | 1995-10-25 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |