Patent US4397654A successfully refreshed from Google Patents.
US4397654A
Expired / Lapsed
US
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Copper catalyst for fuels
Assignee: Xrg International Inc
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Filing: 1980-11-17
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Granted: 1983-08-09
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Expires: 2000-11-17
Abstract
Abstract PCT No. PCT/US80/01530 Sec. 371 Date Sep. 4, 1981 Sec. 102(e) Date Sep. 4, 1981 PCT Filed Nov. 17, 1980 PCT Pub. No. WO82/01717 PCT Pub. Date May 27, 1982.This invention pertains to an improved energy-saving fuel additive for jet engines, gasoline and diesel engines, including additions to domestic heating and light industrial oils (#2 and #3) and residual or bunker fuel (#4, #5, and #6), which comprises as active ingredients a catalytic mixture of a major proportion of picric acid and a minor proportion of cupric sulfate. -Cupric sulfate .01-.03% -Picric acid 1-2% -Methanol 35-50% -Isopropyl alcohol 15-5% -Toluene 43-48% -Nitrobenzene .6-1.0% -Primene 81R .5-1.0% - Additional variations include (1) the replacement of the toluene with about 10% methanol and 90% isopropyl alcohol for toxicity reasons and (2) replacement of the toluene with 10% methanol, 45% isopropyl alcohol, and 45% kerosene as a cost-reducing factor. A preferred additive is: -Cupric sulfate .02% -Picric acid 1.54% -Methanol 35% -Isopropyl alcohol 15% -Toluene 48.3% -Nitrobenzene .8% -Primene 81R .05% -
Inventors
- 👤 Rien 'T Hart
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-11-08 16:30
CPC Classifications
C; C10; C10L; C10L1/00; C10L1/10; C10L1/12; C10L1/1275; C10L1/14; C10L1/16; C10L1/1608; C10L1/1616; C10L1/18; C10L1/182; C10L1/1822; C10L1/22; C10L1/222; C10L1/2222; C10L1/23; C10L1/231; F; F02; F02B; F02B3/00; F02B3/06
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 14
Claim 1
Independent Claim
76 words
A fuel additive for jet, internal combustion, and diesel engines comprising an active ingredient formulation of a mixture of picric acid and cupric sulfate in a relationship of about 0.01 to 0.75-1.0 cupric sulfate to picric acid by weight percent in a mixed solvent of methanol, isopropyl alcohol, toluene, nitrobenzene, and a tertiary alkyl amine which is a cross of primary aliphatic amines of the general formula R 1 (R 2 )(R 3 )CNH 2 .
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
76 words
A fuel additive for jet, internal combustion, and diesel engines comprising an active ingredient formulation of a mixture of picric acid and cupric sulfate in a relationship of about 0.01 to 0.75-1.0 cupric sulfate to picric acid by weight percent in a mixed solvent of methanol, isopropyl alcohol, toluene, nitrobenzene, and a tertiary alkyl amine which is a cross of primary aliphatic amines of the general formula R 1 (R 2 )(R 3 )CNH 2 .
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
42 words
An additive comprising the following make up: ______________________________________
Cupric sulfate .01-.03%
Picric acid 1-2%
Methanol 35-50%
Isopropyl alcohol 15-5%
Toluene 43-48%
Nitrobenzene .6-1.0%
Tertiary alkyl .5-1.0%
amine which is a cross of
primary aliphatic amines of
the general formula
R.sub.1 (R.sub.2)(R.sub.3)CNH.sub.2
______________________________________
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
42 words
An additive comprising the following make up: ______________________________________
Cupric sulfate .01-.03%
Picric acid 1-2%
Methanol 35-50%
Isopropyl alcohol 15-5%
Toluene 43-48%
Nitrobenzene .6-1.0%
Tertiary alkyl .5-1.0%
amine which is a cross of
primary aliphatic amines of
the general formula
R.sub.1 (R.sub.2)(R.sub.3)CNH.sub.2
______________________________________
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
30 words
The additive according to claim 2 wherein the cupric sulfate is utilized with a solvent of about 10% methanol and 90% isopropyl alcohol in place of toluene to lessen toxicity.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
22 words
The additive according to claim 2 wherein a combination solvent of 10% methanol, 45% isopropyl alcohol, and 45% kerosene replaces the toluene.
Claim 7
Independent Claim
80 words
A method of utilizing a fuel additive for jet, internal combustion, and diesel engines comprising an active ingredient formulation of a mixture of picric acid and cupric sulfate in a relationship of about 0.01 to 0.75-1.0 cupric sulfate to picric acid by weight percent in a mixed solvent of methanol, isopropyl alcohol, toluene, nitrobenzene, and a tertiary alkyl amine which is a cross of primary aliphatic amines of the general formula R 1 (R 2 )(R 3 )CNH 2 .
Claim 8
Independent Claim
80 words
A method of utilizing a fuel additive for jet, internal combustion, and diesel engines comprising an active ingredient formulation of a mixture of picric acid and cupric sulfate in a relationship of about 0.01 to 0.75-1.0 cupric sulfate to picric acid by weight percent in a mixed solvent of methanol, isopropyl alcohol, toluene, nitrobenzene, and a tertiary alkyl amine which is a cross of primary aliphatic amines of the general formula R 1 (R 2 )(R 3 )CNH 2 .
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
86 words
In a method for utilizing a fuel additive for jet, internal combustion, and diesel engines which compresses the step of utilizing an active ingredient formulation of a mixture of picric acid and cupric sulfate in a relationship of about 0.01 to 0.75-1.0 cupric sulfate to picric acid by weight percent in a mixed solvent of methanol, isopropyl alcohol, toluene, nitrobenzene, and a tertiary alkyl amine which is a cross of primary aliphatic amines of the general formula R 1 (R 2 )(R 3 )CNH 2 .
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
86 words
In a method for utilizing a fuel additive for jet, internal combustion, and diesel engines which compresses the step of utilizing an active ingredient formulation of a mixture of picric acid and cupric sulfate in a relationship of about 0.01 to 0.75-1.0 cupric sulfate to picric acid by weight percent in a mixed solvent of methanol, isopropyl alcohol, toluene, nitrobenzene, and a tertiary alkyl amine which is a cross of primary aliphatic amines of the general formula R 1 (R 2 )(R 3 )CNH 2 .
Claim 11
Independent Claim
55 words
A method for utilizing an additive for jet, internal combustion, and diesel engines which comprises utilizing a composition as follows: ______________________________________
Cupric sulfate .01-.03%
Picric acid 1-2%
Methanol 35-50%
Isopropyl alcohol 15-5%
Toluene 43-48%
Nitrobenzene .6-1.0%
Tertiary alkyl .5-1.0%
amine which is a cross of
primary aliphatic amines of
the general formula
R.sub.1 (R.sub.2)(R.sub.3)CNH.sub.2
______________________________________
Claim 12
Independent Claim
55 words
A method for utilizing an additive for jet, internal combustion, and diesel engines which comprises utilizing a composition as follows: ______________________________________
Cupric sulfate .01-.03%
Picric acid 1-2%
Methanol 35-50%
Isopropyl alcohol 15-5%
Toluene 43-48%
Nitrobenzene .6-1.0%
Tertiary alkyl .5-1.0%
amine which is a cross of
primary aliphatic amines of
the general formula
R.sub.1 (R.sub.2)(R.sub.3)CNH.sub.2
______________________________________
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
31 words
The method according to claim 7 wherein the cupric sulfate is utilized with a solvent of about 10% methanol and 90% isopropyl alcohol in substitution of toluene and to lessen toxicity.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
27 words
The method according to claim 7 wherein there is utilized a combination solvent of about 10% methanol, 45% isopropyl alcohol, and 45% kerosene in substitution of toluene.
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USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1986-08-08 | 1987-02-07 | 1987-08-09 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1990-08-08 | 1991-02-07 | 1991-08-09 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1994-08-08 | 1995-02-07 | 1995-08-09 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |