Rheological additive for non-aqueous fluid systems

Claim 2

A non-aqueous fluid system which comprises: a non-aqueous fluid composition and an organophilic clay rheological composition which is the reaction product of an organic cationic quaternary ammonium compound and a smectite-type clay having a cation exchange capacity of at least 75 milliequivalents per 100 grams of said clay, wherein said organic cationic quaternary ammonium compound has the positive charge on a single atom and contains (a) a first member selected from the group consisting of a β,γ-unsaturated alkyl group, a hydroxyalkyl group having 2 to 6 carbon atoms and mixtures thereof, (b) a second member comprising a long chain alkyl group having 12 to 60 carbon atoms and (c) a third and fourth member selected from a member of group (a), an aralkyl group, an alkyl group having 1 to 22 carbon atoms and a mixture thereof; and wherein the amount of said organic cationic quaternary ammonium compound is from 90 to 140 milliequivalents per 100 grams of said clay, 100% active clay basis.

Claim 3

The composition of claim 1 wherein the smectite-type clay is selected from the group consisting of hectorite and sodium bentonite.

Claim 4

The composition of claim 1 wherein the β,γ-unsaturated alkyl group is selected from an unsubstituted and substituted group consisting of cyclic groups, acyclic alkyl groups having less than 7 carbon atoms, acyclic alkyl groups substituted with aromatic groups, and aromatic groups substituted with aliphatic groups.

Claim 5

The composition of claim 1 wherein the hydroxyalkyl group is selected from substituted and unsubstituted groups consisting of cyclic groups and aliphatic groups having 2 to 6 carbon atoms with the hydroxyl substitution on C 2 to C 6 .

Claim 6

The composition of claim 1 wherein the long chain alkyl group of member (b) has from 12 to 22 carbon atoms.

Claim 7

The composition of claim 5 wherein the long chain alkyl group is a long chain fatty acid group.

Claim 8

The composition of claim 1 wherein the amount of said organic cationic quaternary ammonium compound is from 100 to 130 milliequivalents per 100 grams of said clay, 100% active clay basis.

Claim 9

The non-aqueous fluid system of claim 1 wherein said organophilic clay composition comprises from 0.1% to 15% by weight of said non-aqueous fluid system.

Claim 10

The non-aqueous fluid system of claim 1 wherein said organophilic clay composition comprises from 0.3% to 5.0% by weight of said non-aqueous fluid system.

Claim 11

A non-aqueous fluid system, which comprises: a non-aqueous fluid composition and an organophilic clay which is the reaction product of an organic cationic compound and a smectite-type clay having a cation exchange capacity of at least 75 milliequivalents per 100 grams of said clay, wherein said organic cationic compound has the positive charge on a single atom and has the general formula: ##STR2## wherein R 1 is selected from the group consisting of a β,γ-unsaturated alkyl group, a hydroxyalkyl group having 2 to 6 carbon atoms and mixtures thereof; R 2 is a long chain alkyl group having 12 to 60 carbon atoms; R 3 and R 4 are selected from the group consisting of an R 1 group, an aralkyl group, an alkyl group having from 1 to 22 carbon atoms and mixtures thereof; X is nitrogen; and M - is selected from the group consisting of Cl - , Br - , NO 2 - , OH - and C 2 H 3 O 2 - , and wherein the amount of said organic cationic compound is from 90 to 140 milliequivalents per 100 grams of said clay, 100% active clay basis.

Claim 12

A non-aqueous fluid system, which comprises: a non-aqueous fluid composition and an organophilic clay which is the reaction product of an organic cationic compound and a smectite-type clay having a cation exchange capacity of at least 75 milliequivalents per 100 grams of said clay, wherein said organic cationic compound has the positive charge on a single atom and has the general formula: ##STR2## wherein R 1 is selected from the group consisting of a β,γ-unsaturated alkyl group, a hydroxyalkyl group having 2 to 6 carbon atoms and mixtures thereof; R 2 is a long chain alkyl group having 12 to 60 carbon atoms; R 3 and R 4 are selected from the group consisting of an R 1 group, an aralkyl group, an alkyl group having from 1 to 22 carbon atoms and mixtures thereof; X is nitrogen; and M - is selected from the group consisting of Cl - , Br - , NO 2 - , OH - and C 2 H 3 O 2 - , and wherein the amount of said organic cationic compound is from 90 to 140 milliequivalents per 100 grams of said clay, 100% active clay basis.

Claim 13

A paint composition comprising an organic liquid film-forming vehicle, finely divided pigment dispersed in said vehicle, and a rheological additive comprising the reaction product of an organic cationic quaternary ammonium compound and a smectite-type clay having a cation exchange capacity of at least 75 milliequivalents per 100 grams of said clay, wherein said organic cationic quaternary ammonium compound has the positive charge on a single atom and contains (a) a first member selected from the group consisting of a β, γ-unsaturated alkyl group, a hydroxyalkyl group having 2 to 6 carbon atoms and mixtures thereof, (b) a second member comprising a long chain alkyl group having 12 to 60 carbon atoms and (c) a third and fourth member selected from a member of group (a), an aralkyl group, an alkyl group having 1 to 22 carbon atoms and a mixture thereof; and wherein the amount of said organic cationic quaternary ammonium compound is from 90 to 140 milliequivalents per 100 grams of said clay, 100% active clay basis, said composition being substantially water-free.

Claim 14

A paint composition comprising an organic liquid film-forming vehicle, finely divided pigment dispersed in said vehicle, and a rheological additive comprising the reaction product of an organic cationic quaternary ammonium compound and a smectite-type clay having a cation exchange capacity of at least 75 milliequivalents per 100 grams of said clay, wherein said organic cationic quaternary ammonium compound has the positive charge on a single atom and contains (a) a first member selected from the group consisting of a β, γ-unsaturated alkyl group, a hydroxyalkyl group having 2 to 6 carbon atoms and mixtures thereof, (b) a second member comprising a long chain alkyl group having 12 to 60 carbon atoms and (c) a third and fourth member selected from a member of group (a), an aralkyl group, an alkyl group having 1 to 22 carbon atoms and a mixture thereof; and wherein the amount of said organic cationic quaternary ammonium compound is from 90 to 140 milliequivalents per 100 grams of said clay, 100% active clay basis, said composition being substantially water-free.

Claim 15

The paint composition of claim 11 wherein said reaction product comprises from 0.25% to 10% by weight of said paint composition.

Claim 16

The paint composition of claim 11 wherein the smectite-type clay is selected from the group consisting of hectorite and sodium bentonite.