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US4374756A
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Vanadium-hydrogen-phosphorus-oxygen catalytic material
Assignee: Koppers Inc
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Filing: 1981-09-09
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Granted: 1983-02-22
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Expires: 2001-09-09
Abstract
Abstract Catalytic material is provided by a composition comprising the elements vanadium, non-water-contained hydrogen, phosphorus and non-water-contained oxygen. The VHPO elements are present in a relatively fixed atomic ratio range, there being more non-water-contained oxygen present than phosphorus by an atomic ratio of greater than five to one. The catalytic material comprises an anhydrous primary component having vanadium of mixed valence, hydrogen, phosphorus and oxygen in an empirical relationship defined by VH x PO y , wherein "x" has an average value in a range from about 1.29 to about 1.40, and "y" has an average value in a range from about 5.46 to about 5.55. The anhydrous VHPO catalytic material may also be described by a structural formula (VO) m (VO 2 ) n H 2n (PO 4 ) n (P 2 O 7 ) m/2 , wherein m+n=3, "m" has an average value in a range from about 0.90 to about 1.07, and "n" has an average value in a range from about 1.93 to about 2.10. The primary component is mostly amorphous and in its substantially anhydrous form is characterized by a powder X-ray diffraction pattern having broad peaks with CuKα d-spacings of 4.30, 4.17 and 3.09 A. The catalytic material is prepared by a process comprising the steps of reducing vanadium pentoxide with a reducing agent in an aqueous solution of phosphoric acid, followed by the step of oxidizing a portion of the vanadium species with an oxidizing agent to form a slurry of a precipitate containing vanadium(IV) and vanadium(V) in contact with a water solution containing vanadium(IV).
Inventors
- 👤 Philip H. Harju
- 👤 Eugene A. Pasek
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-11-07 17:51
CPC Classifications
C; C01; C01B; C01B25/00; C01B25/16; C01B25/26; C01B25/38; C01B25/42; B; B01; B01J; B01J27/00; B01J27/14; B01J27/186; B01J27/195; B01J27/198; C07; C07C; C07C51/00; C07C51/16; C07C51/21; C07C51/215
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 29
Claim 1
Independent Claim
51 words
Catalyst for partial oxidation of hydrocarbons, said catalyst comprising vanadium, non-water-contained hydrogen, phosphorus and non-water-contained oxygen, said vanadium present as a mixture of vanadium of plus 4 valence and vanadium of plus 5 valence, and at least a portion of said phosphorus and said non-water-contained oxygen present in a pyrophosphate group.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
51 words
Catalyst for partial oxidation of hydrocarbons, said catalyst comprising vanadium, non-water-contained hydrogen, phosphorus and non-water-contained oxygen, said vanadium present as a mixture of vanadium of plus 4 valence and vanadium of plus 5 valence, and at least a portion of said phosphorus and said non-water-contained oxygen present in a pyrophosphate group.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
27 words
The catalyst of claim 1 wherein the atomic ratio of phosphorus to vanadium is in a range from about 0.85 to one to about 1.15 to one.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
27 words
The catalyst of claim 1 wherein the atomic ratio of phosphorus to vanadium is in a range from about 0.95 to one to about 1.05 to one.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
28 words
The catalyst of claim 1 wherein the atomic ratio of non-water-contained hydrogen to vanadium is in a range from about 0.6 to one to about 1.4 to one.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
28 words
The catalyst of claim 1 wherein the atomic ratio of non-water-contained oxygen to phosphorus is in a range from about 4.6 to one to about 6.1 to one.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
41 words
The catalyst of claim 1 wherein vanadium is present as a mixture of vanadium of plus 4 valence and vanadium of plus 5 valence, said mixture of vanadium having an average valence in a range from about 4.3 to about 4.7.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
10 words
The catalyst of claim 1 further comprising water of hydration.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
73 words
A composition of matter comprising a first component substantially devoid of water and having vanadium, non-water contained hydrogen, phosphorus and non-water contained oxygen in accordance with the empirical formula: VH.sub.x PO.sub.y wherein "x" has a value in a range from about 1.29 to about 1.40, and "y" has a value in a range from about 5.47 to about 5.55, at least a portion of said non-water contained oxygen present in a pyrophosphate group.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
73 words
A composition of matter comprising a first component substantially devoid of water and having vanadium, non-water contained hydrogen, phosphorus and non-water contained oxygen in accordance with the empirical formula: VH.sub.x PO.sub.y wherein "x" has a value in a range from about 1.29 to about 1.40, and "y" has a value in a range from about 5.47 to about 5.55, at least a portion of said non-water contained oxygen present in a pyrophosphate group.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
24 words
The composition of matter of claim 8 wherein said vanadium is present as vanadium of plus 4 valence and vanadium of plus 5 valence.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
23 words
The composition of matter of claim 8 wherein said vanadium has an average valence in a range from about 4.64 to about 4.70.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
72 words
The composition of matter of claim 8 further comprising a second component substantially devoid of water and having vanadium, phosphorus and oxygen in accordance with the empirical formula: VPO.sub.w wherein "w" has an average value of about 4.5; said first component and said second component being present in said composition in the following proportional amounts: a(VH.sub.x PO.sub.y)+b(VPO.sub.w) wherein a+b=1, and "a" has a value in a range from about 0.5 to 1.0.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
48 words
The composition of matter of claim 11 further comprising additional components provided by oxides of vanadium, oxides of phosphorus, or vanadium-phosphorus oxides, such that the phosphorus to vanadium ratio of said composition of matter is in a range from about 0.85 to one to about 1.15 to one.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
27 words
The composition of matter of claim 12 wherein the total vanadium of said components has an average valence in a range from about 4.3 to about 4.7.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
80 words
A composition of matter comprising vanadium, non-water-contained hydrogen, phosphorus and non-water-contained oxygen, and having water of hydration, in accordance with the empirical formula: VH.sub.x PO.sub.y.uH.sub.2 O wherein "x" has an average value in a range from about 1.29 to about 1.40, "y" has an average value in a range from about 5.47 to about 5.55, and "u" has an average value of at least about 0.01, at least a portion of said non-water contained oxygen present in a pyrophosphate group.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
80 words
A composition of matter comprising vanadium, non-water-contained hydrogen, phosphorus and non-water-contained oxygen, and having water of hydration, in accordance with the empirical formula: VH.sub.x PO.sub.y.uH.sub.2 O wherein "x" has an average value in a range from about 1.29 to about 1.40, "y" has an average value in a range from about 5.47 to about 5.55, and "u" has an average value of at least about 0.01, at least a portion of said non-water contained oxygen present in a pyrophosphate group.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
22 words
The composition of matter of claim 14 wherein "u" has an average value in a range from about 0.01 to about 2.0.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
24 words
The composition of matter of claim 14 wherein said vanadium is present as vanadium of plus 4 valence and vanadium of plus 5 valence.
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
23 words
The composition of matter of claim 14 wherein said vanadium has an average valence in a range from about 4.64 to about 4.70.
Claim 21
Dependent Claim
45 words
A composition of matter having the structural formula: (VO).sub.m (VO.sub.2).sub.n H.sub.2n (PO.sub.4).sub.n (P.sub.2 O.sub.7).sub.m/2 wherein m+n=3, "m" has an average value in a range from about 0.90 to about 1.07, and "n" has an average value in a range from about 1.93 to about 2.10.
Claim 22
Dependent Claim
45 words
A composition of matter having the structural formula: (VO).sub.m (VO.sub.2).sub.n H.sub.2n (PO.sub.4).sub.n (P.sub.2 O.sub.7).sub.m/2 wherein m+n=3, "m" has an average value in a range from about 0.90 to about 1.07, and "n" has an average value in a range from about 1.93 to about 2.10.
Claim 23
Dependent Claim
38 words
The composition of matter of claim 19 further characterized by being substantially devoid of water and having a powder X-ray diffraction pattern, based on the copper K-shell transition spectrum, having major d-spacings of 4.30, 4.17 and 3.09 A.
Claim 24
Dependent Claim
37 words
The composition of matter of claim 19 wherein said diffraction pattern is further characterized by said d-spacings having relative ratios of intensity as follow: ______________________________________
d-spacing (A) Relative Intensity
______________________________________
4.30 12
4.17 100
3.09 35
______________________________________
Claim 25
Dependent Claim
56 words
A composition of matter having the structural formula: (VO).sub.m (VO.sub.2).sub.n H.sub.2n (PO.sub.4).sub.n (P.sub.2 O.sub.7).sub.m/2.uH.sub.2 O wherein m+n=3, "m" has an average value in a range from about 0.90 to about 1.07, "n" has an average value in a range from about 1.93 to about 2.10, and "u" has an average value of at least about 0.01.
Claim 26
Dependent Claim
56 words
A composition of matter having the structural formula: (VO).sub.m (VO.sub.2).sub.n H.sub.2n (PO.sub.4).sub.n (P.sub.2 O.sub.7).sub.m/2.uH.sub.2 O wherein m+n=3, "m" has an average value in a range from about 0.90 to about 1.07, "n" has an average value in a range from about 1.93 to about 2.10, and "u" has an average value of at least about 0.01.
Claim 27
Dependent Claim
22 words
The composition of matter of claim 21 wherein "u" has an average value in a range from about 0.01 to about 4.0.
Claim 28
Dependent Claim
31 words
The composition of matter of claim 21 further characterized by a powder X-ray diffraction pattern, based on the copper K-shell transition spectrum, having d-spacings of 7.17, 6.96, 3.04 and 2.37 A.
Claim 29
Dependent Claim
39 words
The composition of matter of claim 23 wherein said diffraction pattern is further characterized by said d-spacings having relative ratios of intensity as follow: ______________________________________
d-spacing (A) Relative Intensity
______________________________________
7.17 100
6.96 12
3.04 25
2.37 5
______________________________________
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USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1986-02-21 | 1986-08-23 | 1987-02-22 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1990-02-21 | 1990-08-23 | 1991-02-22 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1994-02-21 | 1994-08-23 | 1995-02-22 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |