US4361656A
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US
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Method of making expandable styrene-type polymer beads
Assignee: Huntsman Chemical Corp
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Filing: 1982-05-03
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Granted: 1982-11-30
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Expires: 2002-05-03
Abstract
Abstract Expandable styrene-type polymer beads having a short cooling time are obtained by a method wherein styrene-type polymer beads are impregnated with a blowing agent preferably as a step separate and independent of the polymerization step or in the same suspension polymerization reactor after a substantial completion of the polymerization, in an aqueous suspension comprising styrene-type polymer beads, a blowing agent, a suspending agent, at least 0.0001% of a halide salt of a transition metal selected from the group consisting of iron, titanium, vanadium, chromium, manganese, cobalt, nickel and copper, or a mixture thereof, and at least 0.001% of glycerol mono-, di-, or tri-ester of a fatty acid having 12-30 carbon atoms or a mixture thereof, said halide being bromide, chloride or iodide, and said percentages being based on the total weight of polymer beads subjected to the impregnation, with the proviso that if said glycerol ester is a tri-ester, there must be present at least 0.0001% of a bromide salt of said transition metal or a mixture thereof.
Inventors
- 👤 Mohamed A. Mostafa
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-11-06 02:42
CPC Classifications
C; C08; C08J; C08J9/00; C08J9/16; C08J9/18; C08J2325/00; C08J2325/02
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 35
Claim 1
Independent Claim
138 words
A method of making expandable styrene-type polymer beads wherein the polymer beads are impregnated with a blowing agent in an aqueous suspension medium comprising styrene-type polymer beads, a blowing agent, a suspending agent, at least 0.0001% of a halide salt of a transition metal selected from the group consisting of iron, titanium, vanadium, chromium, manganese, cobalt, nickel and copper, or a mixture thereof, and at least 0.001% of glycerol mono-, di-, or tri-ester of a fatty acid having 12-30 carbon atoms or a mixture thereof, said halide being bromide, chloride or iodide, and said percentages being based on the total weight of polymer beads subjected to the impregnation, with the proviso that if said glycerol ester is a tri-ester, ther must be present at least 0.0001% of a bromide salt of said transition metal or a mixture thereof.
Claim 2
Independent Claim
138 words
A method of making expandable styrene-type polymer beads wherein the polymer beads are impregnated with a blowing agent in an aqueous suspension medium comprising styrene-type polymer beads, a blowing agent, a suspending agent, at least 0.0001% of a halide salt of a transition metal selected from the group consisting of iron, titanium, vanadium, chromium, manganese, cobalt, nickel and copper, or a mixture thereof, and at least 0.001% of glycerol mono-, di-, or tri-ester of a fatty acid having 12-30 carbon atoms or a mixture thereof, said halide being bromide, chloride or iodide, and said percentages being based on the total weight of polymer beads subjected to the impregnation, with the proviso that if said glycerol ester is a tri-ester, ther must be present at least 0.0001% of a bromide salt of said transition metal or a mixture thereof.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
12 words
A method according to claim 1 wherein the transition metal is iron.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
12 words
A method according to claim 1 wherein the transition metal is titanium.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
12 words
A method according to claim 1 wherein the transition metal is vanadium.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
12 words
A method according to claim 1 wherein the transition metal is chromium.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
12 words
A method according to claim 1 wherein the transition metal is manganese.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
18 words
A method according to claim 2 wherein the suspension medium comprises at least 0.0001% of Fe(III) halide salt.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
17 words
A method according to claim 7 wherein the suspension medium comprises at least 0.0001% of ferric bromide.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
18 words
A method according to claim 3 wherein the suspension medium comprises at least 0.0001% of Ti(IV) halide salt.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
17 words
A method according to claim 9 wherein the suspension medium comprises at least 0.0001% of Ti(IV) bromide.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
18 words
A method according to claim 4 wherein the suspension medium comprises at least 0.0001% of V(III) halide salt.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
17 words
A method according to claim 11 wherein the suspension medium comprises at least 0.0001% of V(III) bromide.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
18 words
A method according to claim 5 wherein the suspension medium comprises at least 0.0001% of Cr(III) halide salt.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
17 words
A method according to claim 13 wherein the suspension medium comprises at least 0.0001% of Cr(III) bromide.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
17 words
A method according to claim 6 wherein the suspension medium comprises at least 0.0001% of Mn(III) halide.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
17 words
A method according to claim 15 wherein the suspension medium comprises at least 0.0001% of Mn(III) bromide.
Claim 18
Independent Claim
26 words
A method according to any one of claims 1-16 wherein the impregnation is conducted subsequent to a substantial completion of the polymerization of the monomer molecules.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
14 words
A method according to claim 1 wherein said fatty acid has 12-22 carbon atoms.
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
12 words
A method according to claim 18 wherein the transition metal is iron.
Claim 21
Dependent Claim
18 words
A method according to claim 19 wherein the suspension medium comprises at least 0.0001% of Fe(III) halide salt.
Claim 22
Dependent Claim
17 words
A method according to claim 20 wherein the suspension medium comprises at least 0.0001% of ferric bromide.
Claim 23
Dependent Claim
12 words
A method according to claim 18 wherein the transition metal is titanium.
Claim 24
Dependent Claim
18 words
A method according to claim 22 wherein the suspension medium comprises at least 0.0001% of Ti(IV) halide salt.
Claim 25
Dependent Claim
17 words
A method according to claim 23 wherein the suspension medium comprises at least 0.0001% of Ti(IV) bromide.
Claim 26
Dependent Claim
12 words
A method according to claim 18 wherein the transition metal is vanadium.
Claim 27
Dependent Claim
18 words
A method according to claim 25 wherein the suspension medium comprises at least 0.0001% of V(III) halide salt.
Claim 28
Dependent Claim
17 words
A method according to claim 26 wherein the suspension medium comprises at least 0.0001% of V(III) bromide.
Claim 29
Dependent Claim
12 words
A method according to claim 18 wherein the transition metal is chromium.
Claim 30
Dependent Claim
18 words
A method according to claim 28 wherein the suspension medium comprises at least 0.0001% of Cr(III) halide salt.
Claim 31
Dependent Claim
17 words
A method according to claim 29 wherein the suspension medium comprises at lest 0.0001% of Cr(III) bromide.
Claim 32
Dependent Claim
12 words
A method according to claim 18 wherein the transition metal is manganese.
Claim 33
Dependent Claim
18 words
A method according to claim 31 wherein the suspension medium comprises at least 0.0001% of Mn(III) halide salt.
Claim 34
Dependent Claim
17 words
A method according to claim 32 wherein the suspension medium comprises at least 0.0001% of Mn(III) bromide.
Claim 35
Independent Claim
26 words
A method according to any one of claims 18-33 wherein the impregnation is conducted subsequent to a substantial completion of the polymerization of the monomer molecule.
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USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1985-11-29 | 1986-05-31 | 1986-11-30 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1989-11-29 | 1990-05-31 | 1990-11-30 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1993-11-29 | 1994-05-31 | 1994-11-30 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |