US4356101A
Expired / Lapsed
US
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Iron active electrode and method of making same
Assignee: Westinghouse Electric Co LLC
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Filing: 1981-04-16
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Granted: 1982-10-26
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Expires: 2001-04-16
Abstract
Abstract An iron active electrode and method of preparing same in which iron sulfate is calcined in an oxidizing atmosphere at a temperature in the range of from about 600 DEG C. to about 850 DEG C. for a time sufficient to produce an iron oxide with a trace amount of sulfate. The calcined material is loaded into an electrically conductive support and then heated in a reducing atmosphere at an elevated temperature to produce activated iron having a trace amount of sulfide which is formed into an electrode plate.
Inventors
- 👤 John F. Jackovitz
- 👤 Joseph Seidel
- 👤 Earl A. Pantier
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-30 18:53
CPC Classifications
H; H01; H01M; H01M4/00; H01M4/02; H01M4/64; H01M4/70; H01M4/72; H01M4/74; H01M4/745; H01M4/24; H01M4/248; H01M4/36; H01M4/48; H01M4/52; H01M4/62; H01M4/624; H01M4/626; H01M4/80; H01M4/806; H01M4/04; H01M4/0471; H01M4/625; H01M4/66; H01M4/661; H01M50/00; H01M50/40; H01M50/46; Y; Y02; Y02E; Y02E60/00; Y02E60/10
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 32
Claim 1
Independent Claim
75 words
A method of preparing an electrode active material comprising calcining iron sulfate in an oxidizing atmosphere at a temperature in the range of from about 600° C. to about 850° C. for a time sufficient to produce an iron oxide with a trace amount of sulfate, and heating the iron oxide with the trace amount of sulfate in a reducing atmosphere at an elevated temperature to produce activated iron having a trace amount of sulfide.
Claim 2
Independent Claim
75 words
A method of preparing an electrode active material comprising calcining iron sulfate in an oxidizing atmosphere at a temperature in the range of from about 600° C. to about 850° C. for a time sufficient to produce an iron oxide with a trace amount of sulfate, and heating the iron oxide with the trace amount of sulfate in a reducing atmosphere at an elevated temperature to produce activated iron having a trace amount of sulfide.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
26 words
The method of claim 1, wherein the iron sulfate is calcined at a temperature in the range of from about 650° C. to about 750° C.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
11 words
The method of claim 1, wherein the oxidizing atmosphere is air.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
21 words
The method of claim 1, wherein the iron sulfate is calcined for a time period of less than about four hours.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
17 words
The method of claim 1, wherein the iron oxide is heated in a reducing atmosphere of hydrogen.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
23 words
The method of claim 1, wherein the elevated temperature at which the iron oxide is heated is not greater than about 650° C.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
23 words
The method of claim 1, wherein the sulfide is present in an amount less than about 1% by weight of the activated iron.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
24 words
The method of claim 1, wherein the sulfide present is present in an amount less than about 0.1% by weight of the activated iron.
Claim 10
Independent Claim
65 words
A method of preparing an electrode active material comprising heating iron sulfate in air at a temperature of about 700° C. for a time sufficient to produce an iron oxide with a trace amount of sulfate, and heating the iron oxide with the trace amount of sulfate in a hydrogen atmosphere at an elevated temperature to produce activated iron having a trace amount of sulfide.
Claim 11
Independent Claim
65 words
A method of preparing an electrode active material comprising heating iron sulfate in air at a temperature of about 700° C. for a time sufficient to produce an iron oxide with a trace amount of sulfate, and heating the iron oxide with the trace amount of sulfate in a hydrogen atmosphere at an elevated temperature to produce activated iron having a trace amount of sulfide.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
24 words
The method of claim 9, wherein the sulfide is present in an amount of less than about 1% by weight of the activated iron.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
24 words
The method of claim 9, wherein the sulfide is present in an amount of less than about 0.1% by weight of the activated iron.
Claim 14
Independent Claim
104 words
A method of preparing an electrode active material comprising calcining iron sulfate in an oxidizing atmosphere at a temperature in the range of from about 600° C. to about 850° C. for a time sufficient to produce an iron oxide with a trace amount of sulfate, adding carbonaceous material to the iron oxide, and heating the iron oxide with the trace amount of sulfate and the carbonaceous material in a reducing atmosphere at an elevated temperature to produce activated iron with a trace amount of sulfide and with carbon being present in an amount not less than about 1% by weight of the iron.
Claim 15
Independent Claim
104 words
A method of preparing an electrode active material comprising calcining iron sulfate in an oxidizing atmosphere at a temperature in the range of from about 600° C. to about 850° C. for a time sufficient to produce an iron oxide with a trace amount of sulfate, adding carbonaceous material to the iron oxide, and heating the iron oxide with the trace amount of sulfate and the carbonaceous material in a reducing atmosphere at an elevated temperature to produce activated iron with a trace amount of sulfide and with carbon being present in an amount not less than about 1% by weight of the iron.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
23 words
The method of claim 12, wherein the carbon is present in an amount not to exceed about 5% by weight of the iron.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
17 words
The method of claim 12, wherein the carbonaceous material is substantially uniformly distributed throughout the iron oxide.
Claim 18
Independent Claim
62 words
A method of preparing an iron active electrode comprising calcining iron sulfate in an oxidizing atmosphere at a temperature in the range of from about 600° C. to about 850° C. for a time sufficient to produce an iron oxide with a trace amount of sulfate, and loading the iron oxide with the trace amount of sulfate into an electrically conductive support.
Claim 19
Independent Claim
62 words
A method of preparing an iron active electrode comprising calcining iron sulfate in an oxidizing atmosphere at a temperature in the range of from about 600° C. to about 850° C. for a time sufficient to produce an iron oxide with a trace amount of sulfate, and loading the iron oxide with the trace amount of sulfate into an electrically conductive support.
Claim 20
Independent Claim
98 words
A method of preparing an iron active electrode comprising calcining iron sulfate in an oxidizing atmosphere at a temperature in the range of from about 600° C. to about 850° C. for a time sufficient to produce an iron oxide with a trace amount of sulfate, loading the iron oxide with the trace amount of sulfate into an electrically conductive support, heating the iron oxide with the trace amount of sulfate in a reducing atmosphere at an elevated temperature to produce activated iron having a trace amount of sulfide, and forming the loaded support into an electrode plate.
Claim 21
Independent Claim
98 words
A method of preparing an iron active electrode comprising calcining iron sulfate in an oxidizing atmosphere at a temperature in the range of from about 600° C. to about 850° C. for a time sufficient to produce an iron oxide with a trace amount of sulfate, loading the iron oxide with the trace amount of sulfate into an electrically conductive support, heating the iron oxide with the trace amount of sulfate in a reducing atmosphere at an elevated temperature to produce activated iron having a trace amount of sulfide, and forming the loaded support into an electrode plate.
Claim 22
Dependent Claim
11 words
The method of claim 16, wherein the support is metal fiber.
Claim 23
Dependent Claim
18 words
The method of claim 16, wherein the support is metal fiber with an expanded iron metal center grid.
Claim 24
Dependent Claim
23 words
The method of claim 16, wherein the sulfide is present in an amount less than about 1% by weight of the activated iron.
Claim 25
Dependent Claim
23 words
The method of claim 16, wherein the sulfide is present in an amount less than about 0.1% by weight of the activated iron.
Claim 26
Dependent Claim
20 words
The method of claim 16, wherein the iron oxide is formed into an aqueous paste and loaded into the support.
Claim 27
Dependent Claim
14 words
The method of claim 21, wherein a deflocculant is added to the aqueous paste.
Claim 28
Independent Claim
132 words
A method of preparing an iron active electrode comprising calcining iron sulfate in an oxidizing atmosphere at a temperature in the range of from about 600° C. to about 850° C. for a time sufficient to produce an iron oxide with a trace amount of sulfate, adding carbonaceous material to the iron oxide, loading the iron oxide with the trace amount of sulfate and the carbonaceous material into an electrically conductive support, heating the iron oxide with the trace amount of sulfate and the carbonaceous material in a reducing atmosphere at an elevated temperature to produce activated iron with a trace amount of sulfide and with carbon being present in an amount not less than about 1% by weight of the activated iron, and forming the loaded support into an electrode plate.
Claim 29
Independent Claim
132 words
A method of preparing an iron active electrode comprising calcining iron sulfate in an oxidizing atmosphere at a temperature in the range of from about 600° C. to about 850° C. for a time sufficient to produce an iron oxide with a trace amount of sulfate, adding carbonaceous material to the iron oxide, loading the iron oxide with the trace amount of sulfate and the carbonaceous material into an electrically conductive support, heating the iron oxide with the trace amount of sulfate and the carbonaceous material in a reducing atmosphere at an elevated temperature to produce activated iron with a trace amount of sulfide and with carbon being present in an amount not less than about 1% by weight of the activated iron, and forming the loaded support into an electrode plate.
Claim 30
Dependent Claim
30 words
The method of claim 23, wherein the iron oxide is loaded into the support by forming an aqueous paste of the iron oxide and rolling the paste into the support.
Claim 31
Dependent Claim
38 words
The method of claim 23, wherein the iron oxide is loaded into the support by forming an aqueous paste of the iron oxide and carbonaceous material and adding thereto a deflocculant and rolling the paste into the support.
Claim 32
Dependent Claim
22 words
The method of claim 23, wherein said support is metal fiber and the formed electrode plate is about 1 millimeter in thickness.
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USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1985-10-25 | 1986-04-26 | 1986-10-26 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1989-10-25 | 1990-04-26 | 1990-10-26 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1993-10-25 | 1994-04-26 | 1994-10-26 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |