Patent US4314931A successfully refreshed from Google Patents.
US4314931A
Expired / Lapsed
US
⏱️ 0.0 years remaining
Toner pigment treatment process for reducing the residual styrene monomer concentration to less than 0.5 percent by weight
Assignee: Xerox Corp
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Filing: 1980-06-09
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Granted: 1982-02-09
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Expires: 2000-06-09
Abstract
Abstract This invention relates to a process for substantially eliminating polymerization inhibition in a pigment containing dispersion polymerization reaction, which comprises grafting polymer molecules onto the pigment used in the polymerization reaction, whereby there results a polymerized product which contains essentially no monomer material.
Inventors
- 👤 Thomas R. Hoffend
- 👤 Moshe Levy
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-24 20:35
CPC Classifications
G; G03; G03G; G03G9/00; G03G9/08; G03G9/087; G03G9/08784; G03G9/08786; C; C08; C08F; C08F2/00; C08F2/44; Y; Y10; Y10S; Y10S524/00; Y10S524/904
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 5
Claim 1
Independent Claim
122 words
An improved process for reducing the styrene monomer concentration in toner compositions to less than 0.5 percent by weight, which comprises (1) mixing from about 20 percent to about 99 percent by weight of styrene and n-butylmethacrylate monomers containing from about 0.5 percent to about 20 weight percent of a free radical initiator, with from about 1 percent to about 80 percent of pigment, (2) heating the resultant mixture to a temperature of about 50° C. to about 120° C., such heating being accomplished for a sufficient period of time so as to cause polymerization, (3) cooling to room temperature, and (4) separating the styrene/n-butylmethacrylate copolymer pigment mixture from the reaction residue, which mixture contains on the pigment surface said styrene/n-butylmethacrylate copolymer.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
122 words
An improved process for reducing the styrene monomer concentration in toner compositions to less than 0.5 percent by weight, which comprises (1) mixing from about 20 percent to about 99 percent by weight of styrene and n-butylmethacrylate monomers containing from about 0.5 percent to about 20 weight percent of a free radical initiator, with from about 1 percent to about 80 percent of pigment, (2) heating the resultant mixture to a temperature of about 50° C. to about 120° C., such heating being accomplished for a sufficient period of time so as to cause polymerization, (3) cooling to room temperature, and (4) separating the styrene/n-butylmethacrylate copolymer pigment mixture from the reaction residue, which mixture contains on the pigment surface said styrene/n-butylmethacrylate copolymer.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
16 words
A process in accordance with claim 1 wherein the initiator is lauroyl peroxide, or benzoyl peroxide.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
12 words
A process in accordance with claim 1 wherein the initiator is 2,2'-azo-bis-2-methylpropionitrile.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
25 words
A process in accordance with claim 1 wherein the styrene/n-butylmethacrylate is comprised of 58 percent by weight styrene, and 42 percent by weight of methacrylate.
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USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1985-02-08 | 1985-08-10 | 1986-02-09 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1989-02-08 | 1989-08-10 | 1990-02-09 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1993-02-08 | 1993-08-10 | 1994-02-09 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |