Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 52
Claim 1
Independent Claim
274 words
A cement composition consisting essentially of a portland cement, at least one self-setting pozzolan material, a fine aggregate, air, water, at least one alkali metal constituent selected from the group consisting of sodium, potassium and lithium ions, at least one anionic constituent, selected from the group consisting of chloride, bromide, nitrite, thiocyanate, cyanate and lactate, which is soluble in water and forms a calcium salt which is also soluble in water, and at least one water soluble oxide of boron compound, wherein: (a) said alkali metal constituent is present in an amount up to approximately 4.0 percent by weight, in terms of the equivalent weight of said sodium ions, of said self-setting pozzolan material; (b) said anionic constituent is present in an amount up to approximately 6.0 percent by weight, in terms of the equivalent weight of chloride ions, of said self-setting pozzolan material; (c) said water soluble oxide of boron compound is present in the range of about 0.01 to 2.0 percent by weight, in terms of the equivalent weight of boron ions, of said self-setting pozzolan material; and said cement composition being further characterized by; (d) having a solid volume ratio of said portland cement to said self-setting pozzolan material within a range of approximately 0.05 to 2.0; (e) having a ratio of the volume of a paste, comprising said self-setting pozzolan material, said portland cement, said air and said water, to the solid volume of said fine aggregate within the range of approximately 0.75 to 2.5; and (f) having a ratio of the solid volume of said portland cement to the volume of said cement composition of less than about 0.19.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
274 words
A cement composition consisting essentially of a portland cement, at least one self-setting pozzolan material, a fine aggregate, air, water, at least one alkali metal constituent selected from the group consisting of sodium, potassium and lithium ions, at least one anionic constituent, selected from the group consisting of chloride, bromide, nitrite, thiocyanate, cyanate and lactate, which is soluble in water and forms a calcium salt which is also soluble in water, and at least one water soluble oxide of boron compound, wherein: (a) said alkali metal constituent is present in an amount up to approximately 4.0 percent by weight, in terms of the equivalent weight of said sodium ions, of said self-setting pozzolan material; (b) said anionic constituent is present in an amount up to approximately 6.0 percent by weight, in terms of the equivalent weight of chloride ions, of said self-setting pozzolan material; (c) said water soluble oxide of boron compound is present in the range of about 0.01 to 2.0 percent by weight, in terms of the equivalent weight of boron ions, of said self-setting pozzolan material; and said cement composition being further characterized by; (d) having a solid volume ratio of said portland cement to said self-setting pozzolan material within a range of approximately 0.05 to 2.0; (e) having a ratio of the volume of a paste, comprising said self-setting pozzolan material, said portland cement, said air and said water, to the solid volume of said fine aggregate within the range of approximately 0.75 to 2.5; and (f) having a ratio of the solid volume of said portland cement to the volume of said cement composition of less than about 0.19.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
18 words
The cement composition of claim 1 wherein said self-setting pozzolan material comprises at least one self-setting fly ash.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
12 words
The cement composition of claim 1 wherein said fine aggregate comprises sand.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
11 words
The cement composition of claim 1 further comprising a coarse aggregate.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
32 words
The cement composition of claim 1 wherein said portland cement comprises one of the group consisting of Types I, Ia, II and III portland cements as described in ASTM Standard C 150-74.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
17 words
The cement composition of claim 1 wherein said water soluble oxide of boron compound comprises boric acid.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
16 words
The cement composition of claim 1 wherein said water soluble oxide of boron compound comprises borax.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
19 words
The cement composition of claim 1 wherein said alkali metal constituent is sodium and said anionic constituent is chloride.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
17 words
The cement composition of claim 2 wherein said water soluble oxide of boron compound comprises boric acid.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
16 words
The cement composition of claim 2 wherein said water soluble oxide of boron compound comprises borax.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
19 words
The cement composition of claim 2 wherein said alkali metal constituent is sodium and said anionic constituent is chloride.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
19 words
The cement composition of claim 9 wherein said alkali metal constituent is sodium and said anionic constituent is chloride.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
19 words
The cement composition of claim 10 wherein said alkali metal constituent is sodium and said anionic constituent is chloride.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
60 words
The cement composition of claim 1 further comprising at least one additional ion selected from the group consisting of thiosulfate, sulfate, sulfite, nitrate and salicyclate anions and wherein the total amount of said additional ions and said anionic constituents constitute up to approximately 6.0 percent by weight, in terms of the equivalent weight of chloride ions, of the pozzolan material.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
18 words
The cement composition of claim 14 wherein said self-setting pozzolan material comprises at least one self-setting fly ash.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
19 words
The cement composition of claim 15 wherein said alkali metal constituent is sodium and said anionic constituent is chloride.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
16 words
The cement composition of claim 16 wherein said water soluble oxide of boron compound comprises borax.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
17 words
The cement composition of claim 16 wherein said water soluble oxide of boron compound comprises boric acid.
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
12 words
The cement composition of claim 6 wherein said fine aggregate comprises sand.
Claim 21
Dependent Claim
12 words
The cement composition of claim 7 wherein said fine aggregate comprises sand.
Claim 22
Dependent Claim
12 words
The cement composition of claim 8 wherein said fine aggregate comprises sand.
Claim 23
Dependent Claim
12 words
The cement composition of claim 9 wherein said fine aggregate comprises sand.
Claim 24
Dependent Claim
12 words
The cement composition of claim 10 wherein said fine aggregate comprises sand.
Claim 25
Dependent Claim
16 words
The cement composition of claim 8 wherein said water soluble oxide of boron compound comprises borax.
Claim 26
Dependent Claim
17 words
The cement composition of claim 8 wherein said water soluble oxide of boron compound comprises boric acid.
Claim 27
Dependent Claim
12 words
The cement composition of claim 24 wherein said fine aggregate comprises sand.
Claim 28
Dependent Claim
12 words
The cement composition of claim 25 wherein said fine aggregate comprises sand.
Claim 29
Dependent Claim
11 words
The cement composition of claim 26 further comprising a coarse aggregate.
Claim 30
Dependent Claim
11 words
The cement composition of claim 27 further comprising a coarse aggregate.
Claim 31
Dependent Claim
175 words
A cement composition consisting essentially of a portland cement, at least one self-setting fly ash, sand, air, water, sodium chloride, and at least one water soluble oxide boron compound, wherein: (a) said sodium chloride is present in an amount up to approximately 10.0 percent by weight of said self-setting fly ash; (b) said water soluble oxide of boron compound is present in the range of about 0.01 to 2.0 percent by weight, in terms of the equivalent weight of boron ions, of said self-setting fly ash; (c) having a solid volume ratio of said portland cement to said self-setting fly ash within a range of approximately 0.05 to 2.0; (d) having a ratio of the volume of a paste, comprising said self-setting fly ash, said portland cement, said air, said water and said sodium chloride, to the solid volume of said sand within the range of approximately 0.75 to 2.5; and (e) having a ratio of the solid volume of said portland cement to the volume of said cement composition of less than about 0.19.
Claim 32
Dependent Claim
175 words
A cement composition consisting essentially of a portland cement, at least one self-setting fly ash, sand, air, water, sodium chloride, and at least one water soluble oxide boron compound, wherein: (a) said sodium chloride is present in an amount up to approximately 10.0 percent by weight of said self-setting fly ash; (b) said water soluble oxide of boron compound is present in the range of about 0.01 to 2.0 percent by weight, in terms of the equivalent weight of boron ions, of said self-setting fly ash; (c) having a solid volume ratio of said portland cement to said self-setting fly ash within a range of approximately 0.05 to 2.0; (d) having a ratio of the volume of a paste, comprising said self-setting fly ash, said portland cement, said air, said water and said sodium chloride, to the solid volume of said sand within the range of approximately 0.75 to 2.5; and (e) having a ratio of the solid volume of said portland cement to the volume of said cement composition of less than about 0.19.
Claim 33
Dependent Claim
17 words
The cement compositions of claim 30 wherein said water soluble oxide of boron compound comprises boric acid.
Claim 34
Dependent Claim
16 words
The cement composition of claim 30 wherein said water soluble oxide of boron compound comprises borax.
Claim 35
Dependent Claim
10 words
The cement composition of claim 30 further comprising coarse aggregate.
Claim 36
Dependent Claim
10 words
The cement composition of claim 31 further comprising coarse aggregate.
Claim 37
Dependent Claim
10 words
The cement composition of claim 32 further comprising coarse aggregate.
Claim 38
Dependent Claim
18 words
The cement composition of claim 30 wherein the sodium chloride is introduced in the form of rock salt.
Claim 39
Dependent Claim
28 words
The cement composition of claim 30 wherein said sodium chloride is present in the range of about 0.5 to 2.0 percent by weight of said self-setting fly ash.
Claim 40
Dependent Claim
28 words
The cement composition of claim 31 wherein said sodium chloride is present in the range of about 0.5 to 2.0 percent by weight of said self-setting fly ash.
Claim 41
Dependent Claim
28 words
The cement composition of claim 32 wherein said sodium chloride is present in the range of about 0.5 to 2.0 percent by weight of said self-setting fly ash.
Claim 42
Dependent Claim
18 words
The cement composition of claim 37 wherein said sodium chloride is introduced in the form of rock salt.
Claim 43
Dependent Claim
10 words
The cement composition of claim 37 further comprising coarse aggregate.
Claim 44
Dependent Claim
10 words
The cement composition of claim 38 further comprising coarse aggregate.
Claim 45
Dependent Claim
10 words
The cement composition of claim 39 further comprising coarse aggregate.
Claim 46
Dependent Claim
177 words
A cement composition consisting essentially of a portland cement, at least one self-setting fly ash, sand, air, water, calcium chloride and at least one water soluble oxide of boron compound, wherein: (a) said calcium chloride is present in the range of about 0.5 to 4.0 percent by weight of said self-setting fly ash; (b) said water soluble oxide of boron compound is present in the range of about 0.01 to 2.0 percent by weight, on terms of the equivalent weight of boron ions, of said self-setting fly ash; (c) having a solid volume ratio of said portland cement to said self-setting fly ash within a range of approximately 0.05 to 2.0; (d) having a ratio of the volume of a paste, comprising said self-setting fly ash, said portland cement, said air, said water and said calcium chloride, to the solid volume of said sand within the range of approximately 0.75 to 2.5; and (e) having a ratio of the solid volume of said portland cement to the volume of said cement composition of less than about 0.19.
Claim 47
Dependent Claim
177 words
A cement composition consisting essentially of a portland cement, at least one self-setting fly ash, sand, air, water, calcium chloride and at least one water soluble oxide of boron compound, wherein: (a) said calcium chloride is present in the range of about 0.5 to 4.0 percent by weight of said self-setting fly ash; (b) said water soluble oxide of boron compound is present in the range of about 0.01 to 2.0 percent by weight, on terms of the equivalent weight of boron ions, of said self-setting fly ash; (c) having a solid volume ratio of said portland cement to said self-setting fly ash within a range of approximately 0.05 to 2.0; (d) having a ratio of the volume of a paste, comprising said self-setting fly ash, said portland cement, said air, said water and said calcium chloride, to the solid volume of said sand within the range of approximately 0.75 to 2.5; and (e) having a ratio of the solid volume of said portland cement to the volume of said cement composition of less than about 0.19.
Claim 48
Dependent Claim
17 words
The cement composition of claim 44 wherein said water soluble oxide of boron compound comprises boric acid.
Claim 49
Dependent Claim
16 words
The cement composition of claim 44 wherein said water soluble oxide of boron compound comprises borax.
Claim 50
Dependent Claim
10 words
The cement composition of claim 44 further comprising coarse aggregate.
Claim 51
Dependent Claim
10 words
The cement composition of claim 45 further comprising coarse aggregate.
Claim 52
Dependent Claim
10 words
The cement composition of claim 46 further comprising coarse aggregate.