Patent US4304857A successfully refreshed from Google Patents.
US4304857A
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US
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Whole cell enzyme composition containing fumed silica
Assignee: PENICK & FORD
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Filing: 1980-01-21
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Granted: 1981-12-08
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Expires: 2000-01-21
Abstract
Abstract A dimensionally stable glucose isomerase composition having improved hydraulic characteristics and suitable for continuous column isomerization of glucose to fructose is produced by incorporating a low density, high surface area silica such as fumed silica into wet whole microorganism cells, and extruding and drying the cells to obtain the cells in particulate form suitable for continuous column use. This technique is also applicable to microorganism cells containing other enzymes.
Inventors
- 👤 Robert E. Brouillard
- 👤 Hirschel A. Katz
- 👤 Howard L. Muenchow
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-11-05 19:01
CPC Classifications
C; C12; C12P; C12P19/00; C12P19/24; C12M; C12M21/00; C12M21/18; C12M25/00; C12M25/16; C12M25/18; C12N; C12N9/00; C12N9/98; Y; Y10; Y10S; Y10S435/00; Y10S435/8215; Y10S435/822; Y10S435/83
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 23
Claim 1
Independent Claim
48 words
A process for preparing a column material comprising enzyme-containing microorganism cell particles of improved strength, which process comprises blending an effective strength-improving amount of fumed silica into flocculated wet enzyme-containing whole microorganism cells which have not been previously dried, extruding the resulting mixture and drying the extruded cells.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
48 words
A process for preparing a column material comprising enzyme-containing microorganism cell particles of improved strength, which process comprises blending an effective strength-improving amount of fumed silica into flocculated wet enzyme-containing whole microorganism cells which have not been previously dried, extruding the resulting mixture and drying the extruded cells.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
24 words
A process according to claim 1 in which said fumed silica has a surface area of at least about 50 square meters per gram.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
28 words
A process according to claim 1 in which the amount of fumed silica is from about 2% to about 40% by weight, based on the dry cell weight.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
28 words
A process according to claim 1 in which the amount of fumed silica is from about 5% to about 20% by weight, based on the dry cell weight.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
15 words
A process according to claim 1 in which the microorganism is a glucose isomerase-containing microorganism.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
15 words
A process according to claim 1 in which the microorganism is of the genus Arthrobacter.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
22 words
A process according to claim 1 in which the wet cells are extruded into pellets after addition of silica and before drying.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
19 words
A process according to claim 1 in which the glutaraldehyde is also added to said cells prior to drying.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
31 words
An enzyme composition in particulate form for use in a column comprising flocculated whole microorganism cells having an enzyme associated therewith, said cells containing an effective strength-imparting amount of fumed silica.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
31 words
An enzyme composition in particulate form for use in a column comprising flocculated whole microorganism cells having an enzyme associated therewith, said cells containing an effective strength-imparting amount of fumed silica.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
25 words
An enzyme composition according to claim 9 in which said fumed silica has a surface area of at least about 50 square meters per gram.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
29 words
An enzyme composition according to claim 9 in which the amount of fumed silica is from about 2% to about 40% by weight, based on the dry cell weight.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
28 words
An enzyme composition according to claim 9 in which the amount of fumed silica is from about 5% to about 20% by weight, based on dry cell weight.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
15 words
An enzyme composition according to claim 9 in which said microorganism cells contain glucose isomerase.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
17 words
An enzyme composition according to claim 13 in which said microorganism cells are of the genus Arthrobacter.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
50 words
A process for carrying out an enzyme-catalyzed transformation of a substrate which comprises contacting an aqueous solution of said substrate with particles of an enzyme composition comprising a column bed of flocculated whole microorganism cells having an enzyme associated therewith, said cells containing an effective strength-imparting amount of fumed silica.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
50 words
A process for carrying out an enzyme-catalyzed transformation of a substrate which comprises contacting an aqueous solution of said substrate with particles of an enzyme composition comprising a column bed of flocculated whole microorganism cells having an enzyme associated therewith, said cells containing an effective strength-imparting amount of fumed silica.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
24 words
A process according to claim 15 in which said fumed silica has a surface area of at least about 50 square meters per gram.
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
27 words
A process according to claim 15 in which the amount of fumed silica is from about 2% to about 40% by weight, based on dry cell weight.
Claim 21
Dependent Claim
27 words
A process according to claim 15 in which the amount of fumed silica is from about 5% to about 20% by weight, based on dry cell weight.
Claim 22
Dependent Claim
22 words
A process according to claim 15 in which said solution is passed through a fixed bed of particles of said enzyme composition.
Claim 23
Dependent Claim
25 words
A process for isomerizing glucose to fructose according to claim 15 in which said substrate is glucose and said cells have glucose isomerase associated therewith.
References Cited (Backward Citations)
USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1984-12-07 | 1985-06-08 | 1985-12-08 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1988-12-07 | 1989-06-08 | 1989-12-08 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1992-12-07 | 1993-06-08 | 1993-12-08 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |