US4277288A
Expired / Lapsed
US
⏱️ 0.0 years remaining
Fluidized granulation of pigments using organic granulating assistant
Assignee: BASF Corp
•
Filing: 1979-10-02
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Granted: 1981-07-07
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Expires: 1999-10-02
Abstract
Abstract A process for producing a substantially dry, low dusting, free flowing granular pigment composition comprises (a) contacting a fluidized bed of pigment and a granulating assistant, (b) optionally contacting the granules so obtained with a surfactant and (c) removing the dry granules from the bed.
Inventors
- 👤 Simon G. Lawrence
- 👤 James Hossack
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-25 01:59
CPC Classifications
B; B01; B01J; B01J2/00; B01J2/16; B01J2/28; C; C09; C09B; C09B67/00; C09B67/0071; C09B67/0092; C09B67/0095; C09C; C09C3/00; C09C3/04; C09C3/045; C01; C01P; C01P2004/00; C01P2004/50; C01P2004/51; C01P2004/60; C01P2006/00; C01P2006/20; C01P2006/60; C01P2006/80; C01P2006/82
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 20
Claim 1
Independent Claim
230 words
An improved process for producing a substantially dry, low-dusting, free-flowing granular pigment product by treating a pigment in a fluidized bed with a granulating assistant wherein the improvement comprises the steps of (a) forming a fluidized bed consisting essentially of pigment powder by blowing a stream of gas through the pigment powder; (b) dispensing onto the fluidized bed of pigment a nonaqueous granulating assistant selected from the group consisting of: (i) a high boiling organic liquid; (ii) a mixture of a high boiling organic liquid and a resin; (iii) a mixture of a high boiling organic liquid and a wax; (iv) a mixture of a high boiling organic liquid, a resin and a wax; and (v) a molten wax; said assistant being one which: (α) wets out the pigment powder surface sufficiently to allow agglomeration of pigment particles so wetted out; (β) binds the granules so formed sufficiently strongly to enable them to resist breakdown during the process of the invention, and during subsequent handling and storage, but without adversely affecting dispersibility of the pigment product in any final application medium into which the pigment is to be incorporated; and (γ) is compatible with the final application medium; (c) contacting the granules formed in step (b) with a surfactant; and (d) removing the granular pigment so formed, which still contains the granulating assistant uniformly incorporated therein, from the fluidized bed.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
230 words
An improved process for producing a substantially dry, low-dusting, free-flowing granular pigment product by treating a pigment in a fluidized bed with a granulating assistant wherein the improvement comprises the steps of (a) forming a fluidized bed consisting essentially of pigment powder by blowing a stream of gas through the pigment powder; (b) dispensing onto the fluidized bed of pigment a nonaqueous granulating assistant selected from the group consisting of: (i) a high boiling organic liquid; (ii) a mixture of a high boiling organic liquid and a resin; (iii) a mixture of a high boiling organic liquid and a wax; (iv) a mixture of a high boiling organic liquid, a resin and a wax; and (v) a molten wax; said assistant being one which: (α) wets out the pigment powder surface sufficiently to allow agglomeration of pigment particles so wetted out; (β) binds the granules so formed sufficiently strongly to enable them to resist breakdown during the process of the invention, and during subsequent handling and storage, but without adversely affecting dispersibility of the pigment product in any final application medium into which the pigment is to be incorporated; and (γ) is compatible with the final application medium; (c) contacting the granules formed in step (b) with a surfactant; and (d) removing the granular pigment so formed, which still contains the granulating assistant uniformly incorporated therein, from the fluidized bed.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
22 words
A process as claimed in claim 1 wherein the pigment powder used in step (a) is produced in a dry grinding process.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
85 words
A process as claimed in claim 1 wherein the pigment is an organic pigment selected from the group consisting of an azo pigment, an azomethine pigment, the metal salts and metal complexes of an azo or azomethine pigment, a metal-free phthalocyanine, a metal phthalocyanine, and a metal-free and metal phthalocyanine substituted by halogen; a quinacridone pigment; a dioxazine pigment; a vat dyestuff; an anthraquinone pigment; an isoindolinone pigment; and salts of basic pigments precipitated with the heteropoly acids of phosphorus, tungsten, molybdenum and copper ferrocyanide.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
39 words
A process as claimed in claim 1 wherein the pigment is an inorganic pigment selected from the group consisting of titanium dioxide, red iron oxide, yellow iron oxide, carbon black, lead chrome, molybdenum chrome, prussian blue and cadmium red.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
63 words
A process according to claim 1 wherein the organic liquid is selected from the group consisting of a straight chain aliphatic- and a cyclic-aliphatic hydrocarbon solvent having high boiling and flash points, mixtures of said aliphatic- and cyclic-aliphatic hydrocarbon solvents and aromatic solvents, conventional liquid plasticizers for PVC, dialkyl esters of phthalic acid, oleyl alcohol and other esters having a high boiling point.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
120 words
A process according to claim 1 wherein the granulating assistant is selected from the group consisting of abietic acid and an ester thereof; diglycol monostearate and a cellulose acetobutyrate; and alkaline earth metal salt of a fatty acid having 12 to 20 carbon atoms; a fatty acid having 12 to 20 carbon atoms; a fatty alcohol; an amine having from 12 to 20 carbon atoms; a triglyceride of 12-hydroxystearic acid; a maleic or phenolic resin modified with abietic acid; a wood resin modified by hydrogenation or polymerization; a glyceryl ester of a modified resin; an alkyd resin; an alkyd resin with synthetic fatty acids; a linseed oil-based resin; a castor oil resin; and a polyester resin based on phthalic acid.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
29 words
A process as claimed in claim 1 wherein the wax is selected from the group consisting of a paraffin wax, a C 12-22 fatty alcohol and a polyamide wax.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
26 words
A process as claimed in claim 1 wherein the amount of the granulating assistant is from 5 to 20% based on the weight of the pigment.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
21 words
A process as claimed in claim 1 wherein the pigment powder used in step (a) is produced in a sieving process.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
227 words
An improved process for producing a substantially dry, low-dusting, free-flowing granular pigment product by treating a pigment in a fluidized bed with a granulating assistant wherein the improvement comprises the steps of (a) forming a fluidized bed consisting essentially of pigment powder by blowing a stream of gas through the pigment powder, wherein said pigment powder has low dusting properties; (b) dispensing onto the fluidized bed of pigment a nonaqueous granulating assistant selected from the group consisting of: (i) a high boiling organic liquid; (ii) a mixture of a high boiling organic liquid and a resin; (iii) a mixture of a high boiling organic liquid and a wax; (iv) a mixture of a high boiling organic liquid, a resin and a wax; and (v) a molten wax; said assistant being one which: (α) wets out the pigment powder surface sufficiently to allow agglomeration of pigment particles so wetted out; (β) binds the granules so formed sufficiently strongly to enable them to resist breakdown during the process of the invention, and during subsequent handling and storage, but without adversely affecting dispersibility of the pigment product in any final application medium into which the pigment is to be incorporated; and (γ) is compatible with the final application medium; and (c) removing the granular pigment so formed, which still contains the granulating assistant uniformly incorporated therein, from the fluidized bed.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
227 words
An improved process for producing a substantially dry, low-dusting, free-flowing granular pigment product by treating a pigment in a fluidized bed with a granulating assistant wherein the improvement comprises the steps of (a) forming a fluidized bed consisting essentially of pigment powder by blowing a stream of gas through the pigment powder, wherein said pigment powder has low dusting properties; (b) dispensing onto the fluidized bed of pigment a nonaqueous granulating assistant selected from the group consisting of: (i) a high boiling organic liquid; (ii) a mixture of a high boiling organic liquid and a resin; (iii) a mixture of a high boiling organic liquid and a wax; (iv) a mixture of a high boiling organic liquid, a resin and a wax; and (v) a molten wax; said assistant being one which: (α) wets out the pigment powder surface sufficiently to allow agglomeration of pigment particles so wetted out; (β) binds the granules so formed sufficiently strongly to enable them to resist breakdown during the process of the invention, and during subsequent handling and storage, but without adversely affecting dispersibility of the pigment product in any final application medium into which the pigment is to be incorporated; and (γ) is compatible with the final application medium; and (c) removing the granular pigment so formed, which still contains the granulating assistant uniformly incorporated therein, from the fluidized bed.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
22 words
A process as claimed in claim 10 wherein the pigment powder used in step (a) is produced in a dry grinding process.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
21 words
A process as claimed in claim 10 wherein the pigment powder used in step (a) is produced in a sieving process.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
85 words
A process as claimed in claim 10 wherein the pigment is an organic pigment selected from the group consisting of an azo pigment, an azomethine pigment, the metal salts and metal complexes of an azo or azomethine pigment, a metal-free phthalocyanine, a metal phthalocyanine, and a metal-free and metal phthalocyanine substituted by halogen; a quinacridone pigment; a dioxazine pigment; a vat dyestuff; an anthraquinone pigment; an isoindolinone pigment; and salts of basic pigments precipitated with the heteropoly acids of phosphorus, tungsten, molybdenum and copper ferrocyanide.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
39 words
A process as claimed in claim 10 wherein the pigment is an inorganic pigment selected from the group consisting of titanium dioxide, red iron oxide, yellow iron oxide, carbon black, lead chrome, molybdenum chrome, prussian blue and cadmium red.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
63 words
A process according to claim 10 wherein the organic liquid is selected from the group consisting of a straight chain aliphatic- and a cyclic-aliphatic hydrocarbon solvent having high boiling and flash points, mixtures of said aliphatic- and cyclic-aliphatic hydrocarbon solvents and aromatic solvents, conventional liquid plasticizers for PVC, dialkyl esters of phthalic acid, oleyl alcohol and other esters having a high boiling point.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
120 words
A process according to claim 10 wherein the granulating assistant is selected from the group consisting of abietic acid and an ester thereof; diglycol monostearate and a cellulose acetobutyrate; and alkaline earth metal salt of a fatty acid having 12 to 20 carbon atoms; a fatty acid having 12 to 20 carbon atoms; a fatty alcohol; an amine having from 12 to 20 carbon atoms; a triglyceride of 12-hydroxystearic acid; a maleic or phenolic resin modified with abietic acid; a wood resin modified by hydrogenation or polymerization; a glyceryl ester of a modified resin; an alkyd resin; an alkyd resin with synthetic fatty acids; a linseed oil-based resin; a castor oil resin; and a polyester resin based on phthalic acid.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
29 words
A process as claimed in claim 10 wherein the wax is selected from the group consisting of a paraffin wax, a C 12-22 fatty alcohol and a polyamide wax.
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
26 words
A process as claimed in claim 10 wherein the amount of the granulating assistant is from 5 to 20%, based on the weight of the pigment.
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USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1984-07-06 | 1985-01-05 | 1985-07-07 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1988-07-06 | 1989-01-05 | 1989-07-07 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1992-07-06 | 1993-01-05 | 1993-07-07 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |