Patent US4263123A successfully refreshed from Google Patents.
US4263123A
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US
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Anionic grafts of monomers onto coal substrates
Assignee: ExxonMobil Technology and Engineering Co
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Filing: 1978-05-01
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Granted: 1981-04-21
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Expires: 1998-05-01
Abstract
Abstract Anionic grafting of olefinic monomers onto coal substrates is disclosed. The process comprises grafting polymeric side chains onto coal by contacting coal with a covalently bonded alkyl or aryl alkali metal initiator to generate carbon-alkali metal bonds and then reacting these bonds with an olefinically unsaturated monomer for a time sufficient to produce a grafted coal product having polymeric side chains bonded to the coal. The resulting coal grafts evidence enhanced solubility in organic solvents, and liquids derived from the coal grafts evidence reduced sulfur content.
Inventors
- 👤 Lawrence B. Ebert
- 👤 Louis Matty, Jr.
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-11-08 22:08
CPC Classifications
C; C10; C10L; C10L9/00; C10L9/10; C10G; C10G1/00; C10G1/04; Y; Y10; Y10S; Y10S585/00; Y10S585/929; Y10S585/943
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 23
Claim 1
Independent Claim
50 words
A process for grafting polymeric side chains onto coal which comprises contacting coal with a covalently bonded lithium initiator to generate carbon-lithium bonds and reacting said bonds with an olefinically unsaturated monomer for a time sufficient to produce the grafted coal product having polymeric side chains bonded to said coal.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
50 words
A process for grafting polymeric side chains onto coal which comprises contacting coal with a covalently bonded lithium initiator to generate carbon-lithium bonds and reacting said bonds with an olefinically unsaturated monomer for a time sufficient to produce the grafted coal product having polymeric side chains bonded to said coal.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
21 words
The process of claim 1 in which the lithium initiator is selected from the group consisting of butyllithium, phenyllithium and methyllithium.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
12 words
The process of claim 2 in which the lithium initiator is n-butyllithium.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
25 words
The process of claim 1 in which the lithium initiator is present in an amount ranging from about 10 -2 to 6 meq/g dry coal.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
25 words
The process of claim 1 in which the olefinically unsaturated monomer is selected from the group consisting of styrene, methylacrylate and high volatile coker gas.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
23 words
The process of claim 1 in which the monomer is present in an amount ranging from about 1 to 16 meq/g initiated coal.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
23 words
The process of claim 1 in which the monomer is dissolved in solvent in an amount ranging from about 1/25 to 1/2 volume/volume.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
26 words
The process of claim 1 in which said solvent is selected from the group consisting of toluene, benzene, methanol, low volatile coker gas and recycle solvent.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
11 words
The product produced in accordance with the process of claim 1.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
25 words
The process of claim 4 in which the lithium initiator is present in an amount ranging from about 10 -1 to 3 meq/g dry coal.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
19 words
The process of claim 7 in which the concentration of monomer to solvent ranges from about 1/5 to 1/15.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
64 words
A process for solubilizing coal which comprises contacting coal with a covalently bonded lithium initiator to generate carbon-lithium bonds reacting said bonds with an olefinically unsaturated monomer for a time sufficient to produce the grafted coal product having polymeric side chains bonded to said coal and dissolving said grafted coal product in an organic solvent which also dissolves homopolymer of said olefinically unsaturated monomer.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
64 words
A process for solubilizing coal which comprises contacting coal with a covalently bonded lithium initiator to generate carbon-lithium bonds reacting said bonds with an olefinically unsaturated monomer for a time sufficient to produce the grafted coal product having polymeric side chains bonded to said coal and dissolving said grafted coal product in an organic solvent which also dissolves homopolymer of said olefinically unsaturated monomer.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
21 words
The process of claim 12 in which the lithium initiator is selected from the group consisting of butyllithium, phenyllithium and methyllithium.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
25 words
The process of claim 12 in which the lithium initiator is present in an amount ranging from about 10 -2 to 6 meq/g dry coal.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
25 words
The process of claim 12 in which the olefinically unsaturated monomer is selected from the group consisting of styrene, methylacrylate and high volatile coker gas.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
23 words
The process of claim 12 in which the monomer is present in an amount ranging from about 1 to 16 meq/g initiated coal.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
24 words
The process of claim 12 in which the monomer is dissolved in a solvent in an amount ranging from about 1/25 to 1/2 volume/volume.
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
26 words
The process of claim 12 in which said solvent is selected from the group consisting of toluene, benzene, methanol, low volatile coker gas and recycle solvent.
Claim 21
Dependent Claim
12 words
The process of claim 13 in which the lithium initiator is n-butyllithium.
Claim 22
Dependent Claim
25 words
The process of claim 14 in which the lithium initiator is present in an amount ranging from about 10 -1 to 3 meq/g dry coal.
Claim 23
Dependent Claim
19 words
The process of claim 17 in which the concentration of monomer to solvent ranges from about 1/5 to 1/15.
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USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1984-04-20 | 1984-10-20 | 1985-04-21 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1988-04-20 | 1988-10-20 | 1989-04-21 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1992-04-20 | 1992-10-20 | 1993-04-21 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |