Patent US4191672A successfully refreshed from Google Patents.
US4191672A
Expired / Lapsed
US
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Polymer aggregates
Assignee: Berger Jenson and Nicholson Ltd
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Filing: 1977-10-21
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Granted: 1980-03-04
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Expires: 1997-10-21
Abstract
Abstract Polymer aggregates in the form of discrete particles of controlled particle size below 150 microns maximum dimension which are themselves aggregates of primary particles of a polymer or polymers derived from at least one ethylenically unsaturated monomer together with from 0 to about 400%, by weight on the weight of the monomer, of an organic thickener compatible with the monomer, said aggregate particle containing from 0 to about 95% by weight of pigment and/or extender are made by providing an aqueous dispersion of the monomer and thickener, a hydrophilic colloid being present in the aqueous phase of the dispersion and pigment and/or extender optionally being present in either the aqueous phase or the disperse phase, introducing a polymerization initiator into the aqueous phase of the dispersion, and maintaining the dispersion under conditions of high shear and continuing polymerization to substantial completion thereof. The aggregates are useful in coating comositions, e.g. to provide a matt finish.
Inventors
- 👤 Frederik Salome
- 👤 William T. Elliott
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-24 22:12
CPC Classifications
C; C09; C09D; C09D157/00; C08; C08F; C08F2/00; C08F2/44; C09D7/00; C09D7/40; C09D7/42; Y; Y10; Y10S; Y10S526/00; Y10S526/909; Y10T; Y10T428/00; Y10T428/29; Y10T428/2982
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 22
Claim 1
Independent Claim
87 words
Substantially uniform, discrete polymer aggregates in the form of discrete particles of controlled particle size below 150 microns maximum dimension which are themselves aggregates of primary particles of a polymer or polymers derived from at least one ethylenically unsaturated monomer together with from 0 to about 400%, by weight on the weight of the monomer, of an organic thickener compatible with the monomer, said aggregate particles containing from 0 to about 95% by weight of pigment and/or extender and having been formed during polymerization of the monomer.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
87 words
Substantially uniform, discrete polymer aggregates in the form of discrete particles of controlled particle size below 150 microns maximum dimension which are themselves aggregates of primary particles of a polymer or polymers derived from at least one ethylenically unsaturated monomer together with from 0 to about 400%, by weight on the weight of the monomer, of an organic thickener compatible with the monomer, said aggregate particles containing from 0 to about 95% by weight of pigment and/or extender and having been formed during polymerization of the monomer.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
27 words
Polymer aggregates as claimed in claim 1 wherein at least 80% by weight of the aggregate particles have a maximum dimension of from 0.5 to 40 microns.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
33 words
Polymer aggregates as claimed in claim 1, wherein at least 80% by weight of the aggregate particles have a miximum dimension between half and twice the weight average maximum dimension of the batch.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
26 words
Polymer aggregates as claimed in claim 1, wherein the organic thickener was used in an amount of from 10% to 100% by weight of the monomer.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
16 words
Polymer aggregates as claimed in claim 1, wherein the organic thickener is an unsaturated polyester resin.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
18 words
Polymer aggregates as claimed in claim 1, containing from 20% to 70% by weight of pigment and/or extender.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
20 words
Polymer aggregates as claimed in claim 1, wherein pigment and/or extender is present distributed uniformly throughout the polymer aggregate particles.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
108 words
A method of making the polymer aggregates claimed in claim 1, which method comprises: (a) providing an aqueous dispersion of at least one ethylenically unsaturated monomer together with from 0 to about 400%, by weight of the monomer, of an organic thickener compatible with the monomer, a hydrophilic colloid being present in the aqueous phase of the dispersion, said hydrophilic colloid being other than a low molecular weight colloid of the type usually known as dispersing or emulsifying agents; (b) introducing a polymerisation initiator into the aqueous phase of the dispersion, and (c) maintaining the dispersion under conditions of high shear and continuing polymerisation to substantial completion thereof.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
33 words
A method as claimed in claim 8, wherein the hydrophilic colloid is a polyvinyl alcohol or a polyacrylate present at a concentration of from 0.1 to 2% by weight of the aqueous phase.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
43 words
A method as claimed in claim 8, wherein the polymerisation reaction is carried out in the presence of solid particles or fluid droplets in the aqueous phase of the dispersion, whereby the particles or droplets are captured and incorporated into the polymer aggregates.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
41 words
A method as claimed in claim 8, wherein the polymerisation reaction is carried out in the presence of solid particles or fluid droplets in the disperse phase of the dispersion, whereby the particles or droplets are incorporated into the polymer aggregates.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
27 words
A method as claimed in claim 8, wherein the dispersion has a salt concentration, excluding polymerisation initiator of up to 3.0% by weight of the disperse phase.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
47 words
A method as claimed in claim 8, wherein there is used from 0.5% to 3.0%, by weight of the polymerisable material, of polymerisation initiator and polymerisation is effected in a time of not more than two hours at a temperature of from 55° C. to 90° C.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
45 words
A method as claimed in claim 8, wherein conditions of high shear are maintained during polymerisation by the use of a stirrer having a diameter at least half the diameter of the polymerisation vessel and a peripheral speed of at least two meters per second.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
10 words
Polymer aggregates made by the method claimed in claim 8.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
11 words
A coating composition comprising polymer aggregates as claimed in claim 1.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
15 words
A coating composition as claimed in claim 16 in the form of a latex paint.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
26 words
A coating composition as claimed in claim 16, comprising from 5 to 85%, by volume on the volume of the non-volatile material, of the polymer aggregates.
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
21 words
A coating cmposition as claimed in claim 17, wherein part or all of the pigment is present in the polymer aggregates.
Claim 21
Dependent Claim
65 words
A coating composition as claimed in claim 17, comprising a continuous aqueous phase and particles of coalescable polymer dispersed therein, and containing a non-solvent for said coalescable polymer in an amount and of sufficiently low volatility to produce, on first removing water from said continuous phase and secondly removing said non-solvent, a continuous, non-porous, microcellular and opaque film having minute, discrete and substantially closed voids.
Claim 22
Dependent Claim
17 words
A coating composition as claimed in claim 16, wherein the polymer aggregates constitute the sole film-forming component.
References Cited (Backward Citations)
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USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1983-03-04 | 1983-09-03 | 1984-03-04 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1987-03-04 | 1987-09-03 | 1988-03-04 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1991-03-04 | 1991-09-03 | 1992-03-04 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |