US4181628A — Catalyst for oxidation reactions and process for …

Claim 1

Independent Claim 93 words

Activated catalyst for oxidation reactions on the basis of a mixed oxide of vanadium and phosphorus, characterized in that the vanadium has an average valence of less than +3.9, the atomic ratio of phosphorus to vanadium is between 1.05 to 1 and 1.10 to 1, the catalyst is activated at a temperature of 300° to 450° C. by passing over the mixed oxide the gaseous hydrocarbon component, which has 2 to 6 carbon atoms, in the absence of molecular oxygen the catalyst can be reactivated, and the catalyst having been calcined before activation.

Claim 2

Dependent Claim 93 words

Activated catalyst for oxidation reactions on the basis of a mixed oxide of vanadium and phosphorus, characterized in that the vanadium has an average valence of less than +3.9, the atomic ratio of phosphorus to vanadium is between 1.05 to 1 and 1.10 to 1, the catalyst is activated at a temperature of 300° to 450° C. by passing over the mixed oxide the gaseous hydrocarbon component, which has 2 to 6 carbon atoms, in the absence of molecular oxygen the catalyst can be reactivated, and the catalyst having been calcined before activation.

Claim 3

Dependent Claim 18 words

Activated catalyst as claimed in claim 1 wherein said vanadium has an average valence between +3.5 and +3.85.

Claim 4

Dependent Claim 18 words

Activated catalyst as claimed in claim 1 wherein said vanadium has an average valence between +3.6 and +3.7.

Claim 5

Dependent Claim 23 words

Activated catalyst as claimed in claim 1 wherein said mixed oxide also contains oxides of Ti, Bi, Cd, Mo, Sb, Zr and Hf.

Claim 6

Dependent Claim 15 words

Activated catalyst as claimed in claim 1 wherein said mixed oxide also contains titanium oxide.

Claim 7

Dependent Claim 21 words

Activated catalyst as claimed in claim 1 wherein said catalyst is in the form of a pressed pellet, tablet or cylinder.

Claim 8

Dependent Claim 14 words

Activated catalyst as claimed in claim 1 wherein said catalyst is on a carrier.

Claim 9

Dependent Claim 76 words

Process for the production of the activated catalyst of claim 1 which comprises calcining the mixed oxide of vanadium and phosphorus forming said mixed oxide catalyst and activating ssid mixed oxide catalyst, in which the vanadium has an average valence of +3.9 to more than +4, at a temperature of 300° to 500° C. by passing over said mixed oxide catalyst a gaseous hydrocarbon having 2 to 6 carbon atoms with the exclusion of molecular oxygen.

Claim 10

Dependent Claim 15 words

Process as claimed in claim 8 wherein said temperature is between 350° and 480° C.

Claim 11

Dependent Claim 14 words

Process as claimed in claim 8 wherein said gaseous hydrocarbon contains an inert gas.

Claim 12

Dependent Claim 17 words

Process as claimed in claim 8 wherein said inert gas is CO 2 or N 2 .

Claim 13

Dependent Claim 68 words

Process for the production of an activated catalyst as in claim 1 which comprises calcining the mixed oxide of vanadium and phosphorus forming said mixed oxide catalyst and activating said mixed oxide catalyst, in which the vanadium has an average valence from +3.9 to above +4, at a temperature of 350° to 480° C. by passing n-butane in the absence of molecular oxygen over said mixed oxide catalyst.

Claim 14

Dependent Claim 19 words

Process as claimed in claim 12 wherein a mixture of butane and inert gas is used for the activation.

Claim 15

Dependent Claim 23 words

Process as claimed in claim 13 wherein a mixture of butane and nitrogen, which has at least 5 percent of butane, is used.

Claim 16

Dependent Claim 67 words

Process for the reactivation of the activated catalyst of claim 1 which has become deactivated which comprises reactivating said deactivated mixed oxide catalyst, in which the vanadium has an average valence of +3.9 to more than +4, at a temperature of 300° to 500° C. by passing over said mixed oxide catalyst a gaseous hydrocarbon having 2 to 6 carbon atoms in the absence of molecular oxygen.

Claim 17

Dependent Claim 15 words

Process as claimed in claim 15 wherein said temperature is between 350° and 480° C.

Claim 18

Dependent Claim 23 words

Process as claimed in claim 16 wherein said gaseous hydrocarbon is a butane-nitrogen mixture containing at least 5 percent by weight of n-butane.

Claim 19

Dependent Claim 14 words

Process as claimed in claim 15 wherein said gaseous hydrocarbon contains an inert gas.

Claim 20

Dependent Claim 17 words

Process as claimed in claim 15 wherein said inert gas is CO 2 or N 2 .

Claim 21

Dependent Claim 25 words

Process as claimed in claim 15 wherein said reactivation is achieved is carried out in the same reactor in which the active catalyst is used.

Claim 22

Dependent Claim 92 words

Process of preparing the activated catalyst of claim 9 comprised of (a) preparing solutions of the individual catalyst components of said activated catalyst, (b) combining said solutions (a), (c) precipitating said combined individual catalyst components from solution (b), an admixture of said individual catalyst components resulting, (d) drying said precipitate, (e) calcining said admixture (c), a catalyst resulting, and (f) subjecting said catalyst (e) to a heat treatment at a temperature of 300° to 500° C. with a gaseous hydrocarbon having 2 to 6 carbon atoms in the absence of molecular oxygen.

Claim 23

Dependent Claim 22 words

Process as claimed in claim 21 wherein each solution (a) is prepared using salicylic acid and one of said individual catalyst components.

Claim 24

Dependent Claim 16 words

Process as claimed in claim 21 wherein said catalyst is applied to a carrier before calcining.

Claim 25

Dependent Claim 21 words

Process as claimed in claim 21 wherein said precipitate (d) is formed into pressed pellets, tablets or cylinders before being calcined.

Claim 26

Dependent Claim 24 words

Process as claimed in claim 21 wherein said gaseous hydrocarbon in step (f) is a butane-nitrogen mixture containing at least 5 percent of butane.

Claim 27

Dependent Claim 19 words

Process as claimed in claim 21 wherein said heat treatment (f) uses a temperature of 350° to 480° C.

Claim 28

Dependent Claim 19 words

Process as claimed in claim 21 wherein said heat treatment (f) uses a temperature of 400° to 450° C.

Claim 29

Dependent Claim 15 words

Process as claimed in claim 21 wherein said gaseous hydrocarbon in step (f) is n-butane.

Claim 30

Dependent Claim 17 words

Process as claimed in claim 21 wherein said gaseous hydrocarbon in step (f) contains an inert gas.

Claim 31

Dependent Claim 17 words

Process as claimed in claim 29 wherein said inert gas is CO 2 or N 2 .

Claim 32

Dependent Claim 18 words

Process as claimed in claim 21 wherein said calcination step (e) is conducted in the presence of nitrogen.

Claim 33

Dependent Claim 83 words

Process of preparing the activated catalyst of claim 1 comprised of (a) preparing solutions of the individual catalyst components of said activated catalyst, (b) combining said solutions (a), (c) evaporating solution (b) to dryness, an admixture of said individual catalyst components resulting, (d) calcining said admixture (c), a catalyst resulting, and (e) subjecting said catalyst (d) to a heat treatment at a temperature of 300° to 350° with a gaseous hydrocarbon having 2 to 6 carbon atoms in the absence of molecular oxygen.

Claim 34

Dependent Claim 22 words

Process as claimed in claim 32 wherein each solution (a) is prepared using salicylic acid and one of said individual catalyst compounds.

Claim 35

Dependent Claim 16 words

Process as claimed in claim 32 wherein said catalyst is applied to a carrier before calcining.

Claim 36

Dependent Claim 21 words

Process as claimed in claim 32 wherein said admixture (c) is formed into pressed pellets, tablets or cylinders before being calcined.

Claim 37

Dependent Claim 23 words

Process as claimed in claim 32 wherein said gaseous hydrogen in step (e) is a butane-nitrogen mixture containing at least 5 percent butane.

Claim 38

Dependent Claim 19 words

Process as claimed in claim 32 wherein said heat treatment (e) uses a temperature of 350° to 480° C.

Claim 39

Dependent Claim 15 words

Process as claimed in claim 32 wherein said gaseous hydrocarbon in step (e) is n-butane.

Claim 40

Dependent Claim 17 words

Process as claimed in claim 32 wherein said gaseous hydrocarbon in step (e) contains an inert gas.

Claim 41

Dependent Claim 17 words

Process as claimed in claim 39 wherein said inert gas is CO 2 or N 2 .

Claim 42

Dependent Claim 125 words

Activated catalyst for oxidation reactions on the basis of a mixed oxide of vanadium and phosphorus, characterized in that the vanadium has an average valence of less than +3.9, the atomic ratio of phosphorus to vanadium is between 1.05 to 1 and 1.10 to 1, the activated catalyst having been prepared by the process which comprises calcining the mixed oxide of vanadium and phosphorus forming said mixed oxide catalyst and activating said mixed oxide catalyst in which the vanadium has an average valence of +3.9 to more than +4, at a temperature of 300° to 500° C. by passing over said mixed oxide catalyst a gaseous hydrocarbon having 2 to 6 carbon atoms with the exclusion of molecular oxygen, and the catalyst can be reactivated.

Claim 43

Dependent Claim 125 words

Activated catalyst for oxidation reactions on the basis of a mixed oxide of vanadium and phosphorus, characterized in that the vanadium has an average valence of less than +3.9, the atomic ratio of phosphorus to vanadium is between 1.05 to 1 and 1.10 to 1, the activated catalyst having been prepared by the process which comprises calcining the mixed oxide of vanadium and phosphorus forming said mixed oxide catalyst and activating said mixed oxide catalyst in which the vanadium has an average valence of +3.9 to more than +4, at a temperature of 300° to 500° C. by passing over said mixed oxide catalyst a gaseous hydrocarbon having 2 to 6 carbon atoms with the exclusion of molecular oxygen, and the catalyst can be reactivated.

Claim 44

Dependent Claim 116 words

Activated catalyst for oxidation reactions on the basis of a mixed oxide of vanadium and phosphorus, characterized in that the vanadium has an average valence of less than +3.9, the atomic ratio of phosphorus to vanadium is between 1.05 to 1 and 1.10 to 1, the activated catalyst having been prepared by the process which comprises calcining the mixed oxide of vanadium and phosphorus forming said mixed oxide catalyst and activating said mixed oxide catalyst, in which the vanadium has an average valence from +3.9 to above +4, at a temperature of 350° to 480° C. by passing n-butane in the absence of molecular oxygen over said mixed oxide catalyst, and the catalyst can be reactivated.

Claim 45

Dependent Claim 116 words

Activated catalyst for oxidation reactions on the basis of a mixed oxide of vanadium and phosphorus, characterized in that the vanadium has an average valence of less than +3.9, the atomic ratio of phosphorus to vanadium is between 1.05 to 1 and 1.10 to 1, the activated catalyst having been prepared by the process which comprises calcining the mixed oxide of vanadium and phosphorus forming said mixed oxide catalyst and activating said mixed oxide catalyst, in which the vanadium has an average valence from +3.9 to above +4, at a temperature of 350° to 480° C. by passing n-butane in the absence of molecular oxygen over said mixed oxide catalyst, and the catalyst can be reactivated.

Claim 46

Dependent Claim 143 words

Activated catalyst for oxidation reactions on the basis of a mixed oxide of vanadium and phosphorus, characterized in that the vanadium has an average valence of less than +3.9, the atomic ratio of phosphorus to vanadium is between 1.05 to 1 and 1.10 to 1, the activated catalyst having been prepared by the process comprised of (a) preparing solutions of the individual catalyst components of said activated catalyst, (b) combining said solutions (a), (c) precipitating said combined individual catalyst components from solution (b), an admixture of said individual catalyst components resulting, (d) drying said precipitate, (e) calcining said admixture (c), a catalyst resulting and (f) subjecting said catalyst (e) to a heat treatment at a temperature of 300° to 500° C. with a gaseous hydrocarbon having 2 to 6 carbon atoms in the absence of molecular oxygen, and the catalyst can be reactivated.

Claim 47

Dependent Claim 143 words

Activated catalyst for oxidation reactions on the basis of a mixed oxide of vanadium and phosphorus, characterized in that the vanadium has an average valence of less than +3.9, the atomic ratio of phosphorus to vanadium is between 1.05 to 1 and 1.10 to 1, the activated catalyst having been prepared by the process comprised of (a) preparing solutions of the individual catalyst components of said activated catalyst, (b) combining said solutions (a), (c) precipitating said combined individual catalyst components from solution (b), an admixture of said individual catalyst components resulting, (d) drying said precipitate, (e) calcining said admixture (c), a catalyst resulting and (f) subjecting said catalyst (e) to a heat treatment at a temperature of 300° to 500° C. with a gaseous hydrocarbon having 2 to 6 carbon atoms in the absence of molecular oxygen, and the catalyst can be reactivated.

Claim 48

Dependent Claim 134 words

Activated catalyst for oxidation reactions on the basis of a mixed oxide of vanadium and phosphorous, characterized in that the vanadium has an average valence of less than +3.9, the atomic ratio of phosphorus to vanadium is between 1.05 to 1 and 1.10 to 1, the activated catalyst having been prepared by the process comprises of (a) preparing solutions of the individual catalyst components of said activated catalyst, (b) combining said solutions (a), (c) evaporating solution (b) to dryness, an admixture of said individual catalyst components resulting, (d) calcining said admixture (c), a catalyst resulting, and (e) subjecting said catalyst (d) to a heat treatment at a temperature of 300° to 350° with a gaseous hydrocarbon having 2 to 6 carbon atoms in the absence of molecular oxygen, and the catalyst can be reactivated.

Claim 49

Dependent Claim 134 words

Activated catalyst for oxidation reactions on the basis of a mixed oxide of vanadium and phosphorous, characterized in that the vanadium has an average valence of less than +3.9, the atomic ratio of phosphorus to vanadium is between 1.05 to 1 and 1.10 to 1, the activated catalyst having been prepared by the process comprises of (a) preparing solutions of the individual catalyst components of said activated catalyst, (b) combining said solutions (a), (c) evaporating solution (b) to dryness, an admixture of said individual catalyst components resulting, (d) calcining said admixture (c), a catalyst resulting, and (e) subjecting said catalyst (d) to a heat treatment at a temperature of 300° to 350° with a gaseous hydrocarbon having 2 to 6 carbon atoms in the absence of molecular oxygen, and the catalyst can be reactivated.

Claim 50

Dependent Claim 116 words

Reactivated catalyst for oxidation reactions on the basis of a mixed oxide of vanadium and phosphorus, characterized in that the vanadium has an average valence of less than +3.9, and the atomic ratio of phosphorus to vanadium is between 1.05 to 1 and 1.10 to 1, the reactivated catalyst having been prepared from the activated catalyst of claim 9 which has become deactivated, the reactivation comprising reactivating said deactivated mixed oxide catalyst, in which the vanadium has as average valence of +3.9 to more than +4, at a temperature of 300° to 500° C. by passing over said mixed oxide catalyst a gaseous hydrocarbon having 2 to 6 carbon atoms in the absence of molecular oxygen.

Annuity Stage	Window Opens	Payment Deadline	Surcharge Period Until	Estimated Fee	Status
3.5 Years (Year 4)	1982-12-31	1983-07-02	1984-01-01	$2000.00	Window Closed / Lapsed
7.5 Years (Year 8)	1986-12-31	1987-07-02	1988-01-01	$3760.00	Window Closed / Lapsed
11.5 Years (Year 12)	1990-12-31	1991-07-02	1992-01-01	$7700.00	Window Closed / Lapsed

Catalyst for oxidation reactions and process for its production

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