Patent US4162143A successfully refreshed from Google Patents.
US4162143A
Expired / Lapsed
US
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Emulsifier blend and aqueous fuel oil emulsions
Assignee: Zeneca Inc
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Filing: 1978-03-13
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Granted: 1979-07-24
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Expires: 1998-03-13
Abstract
Abstract The present invention is directed to water-in-oil type fuel oil emulsions which are particularly useful in firing boilers in ships, locomotives and industrial power plants. Furthermore, the invention is directed to aqueous particulate slurries dispersed in fuel oil. Specifically, the invention is directed to aqueous/oil slurries of combustible or non-combustible particulate having improved burning characteristics. Of specific interest are stable aqueous/oil slurries of coal dust. These emulsions and slurries are achieved through the use of a novel blend of cationic, nonionic and anionic surfactants to which the invention is also directed.
Inventors
- 👤 Joseph B. Yount, III
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-29 14:59
CPC Classifications
C; C10; C10L; C10L1/00; C10L1/32; C10L1/324; C09; C09K; C09K23/00; C09K23/017; C10L1/328; Y; Y10; Y10S; Y10S516/00; Y10S516/01; Y10S516/06; Y10S516/07
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 32
Claim 1
Independent Claim
238 words
A blend useful in preparing stable aqueous fuel oil emulsions comprising: (a) compounds selected from a reaction product prepared by reacting: (1) from about 1 to about 300 mols of an alkyleneoxide (2) a mol of polyamine condensation product characterized by the general formula: ##STR2## wherein R is an organic radical selected from the group consisting of alkyl and cycloalkyl radicals having from 4-12 carbon atoms, wherein R' is an alkylene radical, wherein R 1 and R 1 ' are each selected from the group consisting of hydrogen and an acyclic hydrocarbon radical having from 1 to 18 carbon atoms and wherein R 2 and R 2 ' are each organic alkylene polyamine radicals containing from 1 to 3 amine groups selected from the group consisting of primary and secondary amine groups, each of said amine group being separated from any other amine group in said composition by 2-6 carbon atoms, or an organic carboxylic acid salt of said reaction product; and at least one of the compounds selected from the group consisting of: (b) a nonionic compound prepared by reacting from about 10 to about 300 mols of an alkyleneoxide with hydroxyl containing compounds having 1-8 carbon atoms and alkyl phenols, wherein, the alkyl substituents have 2-15 carbon atoms; and (c) an anionic compound selected from alkyl, aryl, and polyoxypropylene and polyoxyethylene ether esters of sulphuric, sulphonic and phosphoric acids and inorganic and organic neutral salts thereof.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
238 words
A blend useful in preparing stable aqueous fuel oil emulsions comprising: (a) compounds selected from a reaction product prepared by reacting: (1) from about 1 to about 300 mols of an alkyleneoxide (2) a mol of polyamine condensation product characterized by the general formula: ##STR2## wherein R is an organic radical selected from the group consisting of alkyl and cycloalkyl radicals having from 4-12 carbon atoms, wherein R' is an alkylene radical, wherein R 1 and R 1 ' are each selected from the group consisting of hydrogen and an acyclic hydrocarbon radical having from 1 to 18 carbon atoms and wherein R 2 and R 2 ' are each organic alkylene polyamine radicals containing from 1 to 3 amine groups selected from the group consisting of primary and secondary amine groups, each of said amine group being separated from any other amine group in said composition by 2-6 carbon atoms, or an organic carboxylic acid salt of said reaction product; and at least one of the compounds selected from the group consisting of: (b) a nonionic compound prepared by reacting from about 10 to about 300 mols of an alkyleneoxide with hydroxyl containing compounds having 1-8 carbon atoms and alkyl phenols, wherein, the alkyl substituents have 2-15 carbon atoms; and (c) an anionic compound selected from alkyl, aryl, and polyoxypropylene and polyoxyethylene ether esters of sulphuric, sulphonic and phosphoric acids and inorganic and organic neutral salts thereof.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
24 words
A composition of claim 1, wherein said polyamine condensation product of (a) is a reaction product of: (1) nonylphenol, (2) formaldehyde and (3) diethylenetriamine.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
20 words
A composition of claim 2, wherein said amine condensation product includes about 12 mols of ethylene oxide per mol thereof.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
15 words
A composition of claim 3, which is the reaction product of an organic carboxylic acid.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
12 words
A composition of claim 4, wherein said carboxylic acid is oleic acid.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
17 words
A composition of claim 1, wherein said nonionic compound is a block copolymer of polyoxyethylene and polyoxypropylene.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
14 words
A composition of claim 1, wherein said nonionic compound is an ethoxylated alkyl phenol.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
13 words
A composition of claim 7, wherein said nonionic compound is polyoxyethylene (11) nonylphenol.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
32 words
A composition of claim 1, wherein said anionic compound is selected from phosphoric acid esters of ethoxylated nonylphenol and ethoxylated tridecyl alcohol having 4-20 mols of ethylene oxide per mol of alcohol.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
101 words
A composition of claim 1, comprising 5 to 95% by weight polyoxyethylene (12) nonylphenol/formaldehyde/diethylenetriamine condensate monoleate; a minor portion of calcium dodecylbenzene sulfonate and a polyoxyalkylene glycol ether consisting of a hydrocarbon moiety of an aliphatic monohydric alcohol having 1 to 8 carbon atoms, said hydrocarbon moiety having attached thereto through an etheric oxygen linkage a heteric mixed chain of oxyethylene and 1,2-oxypropylene groups, the average molecular weight of said hydrophobe being at least 1000, and attached to said mixed chain a hydrophile consisting of a chain of oxyethylene groups the weight ratio of hydrophile to the hydrophobe being from 0.8:1-1.2:1.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
37 words
A composition of claim 10, consisting essentially of 60% by weight polyoxyethylene (12) nonylphenol/formaldehyde/diethylenetriamine condensate monooleate, 10.4% calcium dodecylbenzene sulfonate; 15.3% of said polyoxyalkylene glycol ether and 4.0% polyoxyethylene (11) nonylphenol dissolved in 10.3% inert organic solvent.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
20 words
A stable water-in-oil fuel oil emulsion having an aqueous phase and an oil phase containing a blend of claim 1.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
27 words
A composition of claim 12, having dispersed therein a particulate solid having a particle size less than 0.15 millimeters of a density no greater than 1.4 grams/cc.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
12 words
A composition of claim 13, wherein said particulate solid is coal dust.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
11 words
A composition of claim 14, wherein said dust is bituminous coal.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
21 words
A composition of claim 13, wherein said oil is selected from a group consisting of #4, 5, or 6 fuel oil.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
8 words
A composition of claim 16, containing 0.5-10% water.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
8 words
A composition of claim 17, containing 2-7% water.
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
21 words
A composition of claim 15, wherein a substantial amount of said coal dust is distributed in the aqueous-phase of said emulsion.
Claim 21
Dependent Claim
13 words
A composition of claim 14, having 5-60% by weight of said coal dust.
Claim 22
Dependent Claim
15 words
A composition of claim 20, having 30-50% by weight coal and 2-7% by weight water.
Claim 23
Dependent Claim
16 words
A composition of claim 13, wherein said particulate solid is primarily located in said aqueous phase.
Claim 24
Dependent Claim
13 words
A composition of claim 22, wherein said particulate solid is bituminous coal dust.
Claim 25
Dependent Claim
23 words
A composition of claim 22, wherein said 90% by weight of said coal dust passes through a 200 mesh U.S. sieve size screen.
Claim 26
Dependent Claim
21 words
A composite of claim 1 having 5-50% by weight of a compound selected from the group consists of (b) and (c).
Claim 27
Dependent Claim
22 words
An emulsion of claim 12, having 0.75-15% by weight based on the weight of the water of a blend of claim 1.
Claim 28
Dependent Claim
15 words
A composite of claim 21, having 0.125-2.0% by weight of said coal of said blend.
Claim 29
Dependent Claim
188 words
A water-in-fuel oil emulsion having suspended therein particulate coal having a particle size less than 0.15 millimeters and an essential cationic surfactant comprising compounds selected from a reaction product prepared by reacting: (1) from about 1 to about 300 mols of an alkyleneoxide (2) a mol of polyamine condensation product characterized by the general formula: ##STR3## wherein R is an organic radical selected from the group consisting of alkyl and cycloalkyl radicals having from 4-12 carbon atoms, wherein R' is an alkylene radical, wherein R 1 and R 1 ' are each selected from the group consisting of hydrogen and an acyclic hydrocarbon radical having from 1 to 18 carbon atoms and wherein R 2 and R 2 ' are each organic alkylene polyamine radicals containing from 1 to 3 amine groups selected from the group consisting of primary and secondary amine groups, each of said amine group being separated from any other amine group in said composition by 2-6 carbon atoms, or an organic carboxylic acid salt of said reaction product; in a sufficient amount to suspend a substantial amount of said coal in the water phase.
Claim 30
Dependent Claim
188 words
A water-in-fuel oil emulsion having suspended therein particulate coal having a particle size less than 0.15 millimeters and an essential cationic surfactant comprising compounds selected from a reaction product prepared by reacting: (1) from about 1 to about 300 mols of an alkyleneoxide (2) a mol of polyamine condensation product characterized by the general formula: ##STR3## wherein R is an organic radical selected from the group consisting of alkyl and cycloalkyl radicals having from 4-12 carbon atoms, wherein R' is an alkylene radical, wherein R 1 and R 1 ' are each selected from the group consisting of hydrogen and an acyclic hydrocarbon radical having from 1 to 18 carbon atoms and wherein R 2 and R 2 ' are each organic alkylene polyamine radicals containing from 1 to 3 amine groups selected from the group consisting of primary and secondary amine groups, each of said amine group being separated from any other amine group in said composition by 2-6 carbon atoms, or an organic carboxylic acid salt of said reaction product; in a sufficient amount to suspend a substantial amount of said coal in the water phase.
Claim 31
Dependent Claim
10 words
An emulsion of claim 28, wherein said coal is bituminous.
Claim 32
Dependent Claim
35 words
An emulsion of claim 28, comprising 2-7% by weight based on the weight of the coal of a cationic surfactant which is an oleic acid salt of a condensation product of nonylphenol, formaldehyde, and diethylenetriamine.
References Cited (Backward Citations)
USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1982-07-23 | 1983-01-22 | 1983-07-24 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1986-07-23 | 1987-01-22 | 1987-07-24 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1990-07-23 | 1991-01-22 | 1991-07-24 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |