US4156046A — Ultraviolet radiation protective, abrasion resist…

Claim 1

Independent Claim 126 words

An ultraviolet radiation absorbing, bloom resistant abrasion resistant film of between 0.5 and 50 microns comprising the reaction product of: (1) 30-90% by weight of reactive ingredients of an epoxy-terminated silane, (2) 10-70% by weight of reactive ingredients of an aliphatic polyepoxide having a molecular weight of at least 100 per epoxy group, (3) 0-20% by weight of reactive ingredients of a comonomer polymerizable with epoxy or silane groups, and (4) an ultraviolet absorbtive material present in sufficient amount so that the film absorbs at least 90% of all radiation between 290 and 400 nm, and is transmissive of at least 90% of all radiation between 400 and 780 nm, with no less than 75% transmissivity over any 50 nm range between 400 and 780 nm.

Claim 2

Dependent Claim 126 words

An ultraviolet radiation absorbing, bloom resistant abrasion resistant film of between 0.5 and 50 microns comprising the reaction product of: (1) 30-90% by weight of reactive ingredients of an epoxy-terminated silane, (2) 10-70% by weight of reactive ingredients of an aliphatic polyepoxide having a molecular weight of at least 100 per epoxy group, (3) 0-20% by weight of reactive ingredients of a comonomer polymerizable with epoxy or silane groups, and (4) an ultraviolet absorbtive material present in sufficient amount so that the film absorbs at least 90% of all radiation between 290 and 400 nm, and is transmissive of at least 90% of all radiation between 400 and 780 nm, with no less than 75% transmissivity over any 50 nm range between 400 and 780 nm.

Claim 3

Dependent Claim 37 words

The film of claim 1 wherein the epoxy-terminated silane comprised 50-90% by weight of reactive ingredients, the flexibilizing epoxide material comprised 10-50% by weight of reactive ingredients, and the comonomer comprised 0-10% by weight of reactive ingredients.

Claim 4

Dependent Claim 9 words

The film of claim 2 bonded to a substrate.

Claim 5

Dependent Claim 145 words

The film of claim 2 wherein the film further contains from 0.01 to 10.0% by weight of an active organic aromatic onium catalyst comprising an aromatic adduct of (1) a diaromatic, triaromatic, or tetraaromatic organoatomic cation of a Group Va, VIa, or VIIa atom and (2) an anion, said onium catalyst being represented by the formula: ##STR21## wherein R 5 is an aromatic group at least as electron withdrawing as benzene, R 6 is an alkyl or alkenyl group of 1 to 8 carbon atoms, A is a Group Va, VIa, or VIIa atom, X is an anion, n is a positive whole integer of at least 2 up to the valence of A plus one, a is 0 or a positive whole integer up to the valence of A minus one, and n plus a is equal to the valence of A plus one.

Claim 6

Dependent Claim 90 words

The film of claim 1 wherein said epoxy-terminated silane is represented by the formulae: ##STR22## where R 2 is a non-hydrolyzable divalent hydrocarbon group of less than 20 carbon atoms or a divalent group of less than 20 carbon atoms the backbone of which is composed of only C, N, S, and O atoms with no two heteroatoms adjacent within the backbone of the divalent groups, and R 1 is an aliphatic hydrocarbon group of less than 10 carbon atoms or an acyl group of less than 10 carbon atoms.

Claim 7

Dependent Claim 9 words

The film of claim 5 bonded to a substrate.

Claim 8

Dependent Claim 145 words

The film of claim 5 wherein the film further contains from 0.01 to 10.0% by weight of an active organic aromatic onium catalyst comprising an aromatic adduct of (1) a diaromatic, triaromatic, or tetraaromatic organoatomic cation of a Group Va, VIa, or VIIa atom and (2) an anion, said onium catalyst being represented by the formula: ##STR23## wherein R 5 is an aromatic group at least as electron withdrawing as benzene, R 6 is an alkyl or alkenyl group of 1 to 18 carbon atoms, A is a Group Va, VIa, or VIIa atom, X is an anion, n is a positive whole integer of at least 2 up to the valence of A plus one, a is 0 or a positive whole integer up to the valence of A minus one, and n plus a is equal to the valence of A plug one.

Claim 9

Dependent Claim 9 words

The film of claim 1 bonded to a substrate.

Claim 10

Dependent Claim 15 words

The film bonded to a substrate of claim 8 wherein said substrate is photographic film.

Claim 11

Dependent Claim 16 words

The film bonded to a substrate of claim 8 wherein said substrate is instant color film.

Claim 12

Dependent Claim 149 words

The film bonded to a substrate of claim 8 wherein the film further contains from 0.01 to 10.0% by weight of an active organic aromatic onium catalyst comprising an aromatic adduct of (1) a diaromatic, triaromatic, or tetraaromatic organoatomic cation of a Group Va, VIa, or VIIa atom and (2) an anion, said onium catalyst being represented by the formula: ##STR24## wherein R 5 is an aromatic group at least as electron withdrawing as benzene, R 6 is an alkyl or alkenyl group of 1 to 18 carbon atoms, A is a Group Va, VIa, or VIIa atom, X is an anion, n is a positive whole integer of at least 2 up to the valence of A plus one, a is 0 or a positive whole integer up to the valence of A minus one, and n plus a is equal to the valence of A plus one.

Claim 13

Dependent Claim 145 words

The film of claim 1 wherein the film further contains from 0.01 to 10.0% by weight of an active organic aromatic onium catalyst comprising an aromatic adduct of (1) a diaromatic, triaromatic, or tetraaromatic organoatomic cation of a Group Va, VIa, or VIIa atom and (2) an anion, said onium catalyst being represented by the formula: ##STR25## wherein R 5 is an aromatic group at least as electron withdrawing as benzene, R 6 is an alkyl or alkenyl group of 1 to 18 carbon atoms, A is a Group Va, VIa, or VIIa atom, X is an anion, n is a positive whole integer of at least 2 up to the valence of A plus one, a is 0 or a positive whole integer up to the valence of A minus one, and n plus a is equal to the valence of A plus one.

Claim 14

Dependent Claim 36 words

The film of claim 1 wherein said epoxy-terminated silane is represented by the formula: ##STR26## wherein m and n are independently 1 to 4 and R is an alkyl group of up to 6 carbon atoms.

Claim 15

Dependent Claim 9 words

The film of claim 13 bonded to a substrate.

Claim 16

Dependent Claim 16 words

The film bonded to a substrate of claim 14 wherein said substrate is motion picture film.

Claim 17

Dependent Claim 17 words

The film bonded to a substrate of claim 14 wherein said substrate comprises a rigid synthetic resin.

Claim 18

Dependent Claim 17 words

The film bonded to a substrate of claim 14 wherein said substrate comprises a flexible synthetic resin.

Claim 19

Dependent Claim 14 words

The film bonded to a substrate of claim 14 wherein said substrate comprises polyvinylchloride.

Claim 20

Dependent Claim 14 words

The film bonded to a substrate of claim 14 wherein said substrate comprises polycarbonate.

Claim 21

Dependent Claim 15 words

The film bonded to a substrate of claim 14 wherein said substrate comprises polyethylene terephthalate.

Claim 22

Dependent Claim 16 words

The film bonded to a substrate of claim 14 wherein said substrate comprises a flexible acrylic.

Claim 23

Dependent Claim 17 words

The film bonded to a substrate of claim 14 wherein said substrate comprises a poly(vinylchloridevinyl acetate) copolymer.

Claim 24

Dependent Claim 17 words

The film bonded to a substrate of claim 14 wherein said substrate comprises an isocyanate based resin.

Claim 25

Dependent Claim 14 words

The film bonded to a substrate of claim 14 wherein said substrate comprises polymethylmethacrylate.

Claim 26

Dependent Claim 16 words

The film bonded to a substrate of claim 14 wherein said substrate comprises a painted surface.

Claim 27

Dependent Claim 145 words

The film of claim 13 wherein the film further contains from 0.01 to 10.0% by weight of an active organic aromatic onium catalyst comprising an aromatic adduct of (1) a diaromatic, triaromatic, or tetraaromatic organoatomic cation of a Group Va, VIa, or VIIa atom and (2) an anion, said onium catalyst being represented by the formula: ##STR27## wherein R 5 is an aromatic group at least as electron withdrawing as benzene, R 6 is an alkyl or alkenyl group of 1 to 18 carbon atoms, A is a Group Va, VIa, or VIIa atom, X is an anion, n is a positive whole integer of at least 2 up to the valence of A plus one, a is 0 or a positive whole integer up to the valence of A minus one, and n plus a is equal to the valence of A plus one.

Claim 28

Dependent Claim 17 words

The film of claims 1, 2, or 13 having a thickness of from 1.0 to 20 microns.

Claim 29

Dependent Claim 125 words

A polymerizable composition comprising (1) 30-90% by weight of an epoxy-terminated silane, (2) 10-70% by weight of a polyepoxy resin of the formula ##STR28## wherein R is an aliphatic or cycloaliphatic group, n is the valence of R and is an integer of 2 to 6, a and b are H or, when fused together, represent the atoms necessary to form a 5- or 6-membered cycloaliphatic ring, wherein said epoxy resin, upon homopolymerization provides a polymer having a glass transition temperature below +25° C., and wherein said epoxy resin has a molecular weight of at least 100 per epoxy group, and sufficient ultraviolet radiation absorber to absorb at least 90% of all radiation between 290 and 400 nm through a wet film thickness of 20μ.

Claim 30

Dependent Claim 125 words

A polymerizable composition comprising (1) 30-90% by weight of an epoxy-terminated silane, (2) 10-70% by weight of a polyepoxy resin of the formula ##STR28## wherein R is an aliphatic or cycloaliphatic group, n is the valence of R and is an integer of 2 to 6, a and b are H or, when fused together, represent the atoms necessary to form a 5- or 6-membered cycloaliphatic ring, wherein said epoxy resin, upon homopolymerization provides a polymer having a glass transition temperature below +25° C., and wherein said epoxy resin has a molecular weight of at least 100 per epoxy group, and sufficient ultraviolet radiation absorber to absorb at least 90% of all radiation between 290 and 400 nm through a wet film thickness of 20μ.

Claim 31

Dependent Claim 91 words

The polymerizable composition of claim 28 wherein said epoxy-terminated silane is represented by the formulae: ##STR29## where R 2 is a non-hydrolyzable divalent hydrocarbon group of less than 20 carbon atoms or a divalent group of less than 20 carbon atoms the backbone of which is composed of only C, N, S, and O atoms with no two heteroatoms adjacent within the backbone of the divalent groups, and R 1 is an aliphatic hydrocarbon group of less than 10 carbon atoms or an acyl group of less than 10 carbon atoms.

Claim 32

Dependent Claim 37 words

The polymerizable composition of claim 29 wherein said epoxy-terminated silane is represented by the formula ##STR30## wherein m and n are independently 1 to 3 and R is an alkyl group of up to 6 carbon atoms.

Claim 33

Dependent Claim 132 words

The composition of claim 28 further comprising an onium catalyst comprising an aromatic adduct of (1) a diaromatic, triaromatic, or tetraaromatic organoatomic cation of a Group Va, VIa, or VIIa atom and (2) an anion, said onium catalyst being represented by the formula: ##STR31## wherein R 5 is an aromatic group at least as electron withdrawing as benzene, R 6 is an alkyl or alkenyl group of 1 to 18 carbon atoms, A is a Group Va, VIa, or VIIa atom, X is an anion, n is a positive whole integer of at least 2 up to the valence of A plus one, a is 0 or a positive whole integer up to the valence of A minus one, and n plus a is equal to the valence of A plus one.

Claim 34

Dependent Claim 132 words

The composition of claim 29 further comprising an onium catalyst comprising an aromatic adduct of (1) a diaromatic, triaromatic, or tetraaromatic organoatomic cation of a Group Va, VIa, or VIIa atom and (2) an anion, said onium catalyst being represented by the formula: ##STR32## wherein R 5 is an aromatic group at least as electron withdrawing as benzene, R 6 is an alkyl or alkenyl group of 1 to 18 carbon atoms, A is a Group Va, VIa, or VIIa atom, X is an anion, n is a positive whole integer of at least 2 up to the valence of A plus one, a is 0 or a positive whole integer up to the valence of A minus one, and n plus a is equal to the valence of A plus one.

Claim 35

Dependent Claim 132 words

The composition of claim 30 further comprising an onium catalyst comprising an aromatic adduct of (1) a diaromatic, triaromatic, or tetraaromatic organoatomic cation of a Group Va, VIa, or VIIa atom and (2) an anion, said onium catalyst being represented by the formula: ##STR33## wherein R 5 is an aromatic group at least as electron withdrawing as benzene, R 6 is an alkyl or alkenyl group of 1 to 18 carbon atoms, A is a Group Va, VIa, or VIIa atom, X is an anion, n is a positive whole integer of at least 2 up to the valence of A plus one, a is 0 or a positive whole integer up to the valence of A minus one, and n plus a is equal to the valence of A plus one.

Claim 36

Dependent Claim 20 words

The film of claim 26 wherein said ultraviolet absorbtive material is selected from the group consisting of benzophenones and benzotriazoles.

Claim 37

Dependent Claim 20 words

The composition of claim 33 wherein said ultraviolet absorbtive material is selected from the group consisting of benzophenones and benzotriazoles.

Annuity Stage	Window Opens	Payment Deadline	Surcharge Period Until	Estimated Fee	Status
3.5 Years (Year 4)	1982-05-21	1982-11-20	1983-05-22	$2000.00	Window Closed / Lapsed
7.5 Years (Year 8)	1986-05-21	1986-11-20	1987-05-22	$3760.00	Window Closed / Lapsed
11.5 Years (Year 12)	1990-05-21	1990-11-20	1991-05-22	$7700.00	Window Closed / Lapsed

Ultraviolet radiation protective, abrasion resistant, bloom resistant coatings

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