US4041146A
Expired / Lapsed
US
⏱️ 0.0 years remaining
Method for detection of biological particles
Assignee: General Electric Co
•
Filing: 1975-05-01
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Granted: 1977-08-09
•
Expires: 1995-05-01
Abstract
Abstract A monomolecular layer of first biological particles is absorbed on the surface of a non-reactive substrate. The coated substrate is exposed to a solution suspected of containing second biological particles specific to the first biological particles. Next, the coated substrate is subjected to a tagging step, following which it is exposed to a cleaving agent solution which cleaves the bond between the first and second biological particles. The used cleaving agent solution is then examined by a tag-sensing instrument following possible concentration thereof for determining whether tag-bearing second particles have been removed. The tags may, for example, be radioactive, fluorescent, etc. A supplement is described, wherein the coated substrate is studied with a tag-sensing instrument before and after exposure of the coated substrate to the cleaving agent solution to help provide said determination.
Inventors
- 👤 Ivar Giaever
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-26 13:38
CPC Classifications
G; G01; G01N; G01N33/00; G01N33/48; G01N33/50; G01N33/53; G01N33/543; G01N33/54306; Y; Y10; Y10S; Y10S436/00; Y10S436/804; Y10S436/824
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 32
Claim 1
Independent Claim
189 words
A diagnostic method for determining the presence or absence of select biological particles in a liquid sample comprising the steps of: contacting surface area of a substrate with first biological particles, said first biological particles being specific to the select biological particles and being dispersed as a first layer coating said surface area; contacting the coated surface area of said substrate with the sample liquid for a preselected period of time; applying a tagging medium to the coated surface area resulting from the preceding step, said tagging medium making tags available to said coated surface area; contacting the coated surface area resulting from the preceding step with a cleaving agent solution, said cleaving agent solution being capable of selectively destroying such bonding as may exist between said first biological particles and select biological particles; separating from said substrate the cleaving agent solution used in the preceding step together with any matter contained therein released from the coated surface area and examining said separated cleaving agent and contents thereof for the presence of emanations from the tags to indicate the presence of the select biological particles in said liquid sample.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
189 words
A diagnostic method for determining the presence or absence of select biological particles in a liquid sample comprising the steps of: contacting surface area of a substrate with first biological particles, said first biological particles being specific to the select biological particles and being dispersed as a first layer coating said surface area; contacting the coated surface area of said substrate with the sample liquid for a preselected period of time; applying a tagging medium to the coated surface area resulting from the preceding step, said tagging medium making tags available to said coated surface area; contacting the coated surface area resulting from the preceding step with a cleaving agent solution, said cleaving agent solution being capable of selectively destroying such bonding as may exist between said first biological particles and select biological particles; separating from said substrate the cleaving agent solution used in the preceding step together with any matter contained therein released from the coated surface area and examining said separated cleaving agent and contents thereof for the presence of emanations from the tags to indicate the presence of the select biological particles in said liquid sample.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
13 words
The diagnostic method recited in claim 1 wherein the substrate is substantially planar.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
12 words
The diagnostic method recited in claim 1 wherein the substrate is non-planar.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
22 words
The diagnostic method recited in claim 1 wherein the surface area of the substrate contacted with the first biological particles is metallic.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
22 words
The diagnostic method recited in claim 1 wherein the surface area of the substrate contacted with the first biological particles is non-metallic.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
14 words
The diagnostic method recited in claim 1 wherein the first biological particles are protein.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
14 words
The diagnostic method recited in claim 6 wherein the first biological particles are antigen.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
19 words
The diagnostic method recited in claim 6 wherein the first biological particles are antibody to the select biological particles.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
14 words
The diagnostic method recited in claim 1 wherein the select biological particles are cellular.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
14 words
The diagnostic method recited in claim 1 wherein the select biological particles are viruses.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
14 words
The diagnostic method recited in claim 1 wherein the select biological particles are bacteria.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
23 words
The diagnostic method recited in claim 1 wherein the tagging medium contains a composition chemically reactive with biological particles for direct tagging thereof.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
38 words
The diagnostic method recited in claim 1 wherein the tagging medium contains third biological particles specifically reactive with the select biological particles, said third biological particles having been directly tagged prior to being applied to the coated surface.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
17 words
The diagnostic method recited in claim 1 wherein the tagging medium contains adherent, nonreactive non-biological pre-tagged particles.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
27 words
The diagnostic method recited in claim 14 wherein the nonreactive pre-tagged particles are applied as a layer by lightly spraying an aerosol thereof over the coated surface.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
12 words
The diagnostic method recited in claim 1 wherein the tags emit radiation.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
12 words
The diagnostic method recited in claim 16 wherein the tags are radioactive.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
12 words
The diagnostic method recited in claim 16 wherein the tags are fluorescent.
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
17 words
The diagnostic method recited in claim 1 wherein the cleaving agent solution is a weak acid solution.
Claim 21
Dependent Claim
21 words
The diagnostic method recited in claim 19 wherein the pH of the weak acid solution is in the range of 1-5.
Claim 22
Dependent Claim
16 words
The diagnostic method recited in claim 1 wherein the cleaving agent solution is an alkaline solution.
Claim 23
Dependent Claim
19 words
The diagnostic method of claim 21 wherein the pH of the alkaline solution is in the range of 9-13.
Claim 24
Dependent Claim
17 words
The diagnostic method recited in claim 1 wherein the cleaving agent solution is a concentrated salt solution.
Claim 25
Dependent Claim
47 words
The diagnostic method of claim 1 further comprising the steps in which after the coated surface area is contacted with cleaving agent solution, said coated surface area is rinsed and both the cleaving agent solution and the rinse are collected and used for the subsequent examining step.
Claim 26
Dependent Claim
33 words
The diagnostic method of claim 1 further comprising the step of concentrating the cleaving agent solution used together with any matter contained therein after separation from the substrate and before the examining step.
Claim 27
Dependent Claim
31 words
The diagnostic method of claim 1 further comprising the step of examining the coated surface area of the substrate for tag emanations prior to contacting said area with cleaving agent solution.
Claim 28
Dependent Claim
24 words
The diagnostic method of claim 14 wherein the nonreactive pre-tagged particles are applied over the coated surface area and form a porous, opaque layer.
Claim 29
Dependent Claim
12 words
The diagnostic method recited in claim 15 wherein the layer is opaque.
Claim 30
Dependent Claim
11 words
The diagnostic method of claim 12 wherein the composition is radioactive.
Claim 31
Dependent Claim
12 words
The diagnostic method of claim 29 wherein the composition contains 125 I.
Claim 32
Dependent Claim
11 words
The diagnostic method of claim 12 wherein the composition is fluorescent.
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USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1980-08-08 | 1981-02-07 | 1981-08-09 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1984-08-08 | 1985-02-07 | 1985-08-09 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1988-08-08 | 1989-02-07 | 1989-08-09 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |