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Patent US4040939A successfully refreshed from Google Patents.
US4040939A
Expired / Lapsed
US
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Lead dioxide electrode
Assignee: ELECTRODE Corp A CORP OF
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Filing: 1975-12-29
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Granted: 1977-08-09
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Expires: 1995-12-29
Abstract
Abstract Disclosed is an electrode for use in electrochemical processes especially electrowinning processed wherein a valve metal substrate such as titanium carries a semi-conductive intermediate coating consisting of tin and antimony oxides laid down upon the valve metal substrate in a series of layers and a top coating of lead dioxide applied by a plating process.
Inventors
- 👤 Barry A. Schenker
- 👤 C. Richard Franks
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-11-08 12:45
CPC Classifications
C; C25; C25B; C25B11/00; C25B11/04; C25B11/051; C25B11/073; C25B11/091; C25B11/054
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 12
Claim 1
Independent Claim
115 words
An electrode for use in an electrolytic process comprising: a valve metal substrate selected from the group of aluminum, molybdenum, niobium, tantalum, titanium, tungsten, zirconium, and alloys thereof; on the surface of said valve metal substrate, a semi-conductive intermediate coating consisting essentially of tin and antimony compounds applied and converted to their respective oxides such that said semi-conductive intermediate coating attains a weight greater than 2 grams per square meter of said valve metal substrate surface area; and on the surface of said semi-conductive intermediate coating, a top coating consisting essentially of lead dioxide such that said top coating attains a weight greater than 25 grams per square meter of the surface of the electrode.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
115 words
An electrode for use in an electrolytic process comprising: a valve metal substrate selected from the group of aluminum, molybdenum, niobium, tantalum, titanium, tungsten, zirconium, and alloys thereof; on the surface of said valve metal substrate, a semi-conductive intermediate coating consisting essentially of tin and antimony compounds applied and converted to their respective oxides such that said semi-conductive intermediate coating attains a weight greater than 2 grams per square meter of said valve metal substrate surface area; and on the surface of said semi-conductive intermediate coating, a top coating consisting essentially of lead dioxide such that said top coating attains a weight greater than 25 grams per square meter of the surface of the electrode.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
13 words
An electrode according to claim 1 wherein said valve metal substrate is titanium.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
26 words
An electrode according to claim 1 wherein said semi-conductive intermediate coating of tin and antimony compounds has between 0.1 and 30 weight percent of antimony compounds.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
32 words
An electrode according to claim 3 wherein said semi-conductive intermediate coating of tin and antimony compounds has an amount of antimony compounds within the preferred range of 15 to 20 weight percent.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
38 words
An electrode according to claim 1 wherein said weight of said semi-conductive intermediate coating of tin and antimony compounds is in the range of 6 to 30 grams per square meter of the surface area of the electrode.
Claim 7
Independent Claim
172 words
A method for the manufacture of an electrode for use in an electrolytic process comprising the steps of: selecting a valve metal substrate from the group of aluminum, molybdenum, niobium, tantalum, titanium, tungsten, zirconium or alloys thereof; applying to the surface of the valve metal substrate two to ten coats of a semi-conductive intermediate coating consisting essentially of thermally decomposable compounds of tin and antimony containing 0.1 to 30 weight percent antimony compounds to attain a weight greater than 2 grams per square meter of the valve metal substrate surface area; drying the semi-conductive intermediate coating at a temperature in the range of 100° to 200° C.; baking the semi-conductive intermediate coating in an oxidizing atmosphere at an elevated temperature in the range of 250° to 800° C. to transform the tin and antimony compounds to their respective oxides; and applying on the surface of the semi-conductive intermediate coating a top coating consisting essentially of lead dioxide weighing more than 25 grams per square meter of the valve metal substrate surface area.
Claim 8
Independent Claim
172 words
A method for the manufacture of an electrode for use in an electrolytic process comprising the steps of: selecting a valve metal substrate from the group of aluminum, molybdenum, niobium, tantalum, titanium, tungsten, zirconium or alloys thereof; applying to the surface of the valve metal substrate two to ten coats of a semi-conductive intermediate coating consisting essentially of thermally decomposable compounds of tin and antimony containing 0.1 to 30 weight percent antimony compounds to attain a weight greater than 2 grams per square meter of the valve metal substrate surface area; drying the semi-conductive intermediate coating at a temperature in the range of 100° to 200° C.; baking the semi-conductive intermediate coating in an oxidizing atmosphere at an elevated temperature in the range of 250° to 800° C. to transform the tin and antimony compounds to their respective oxides; and applying on the surface of the semi-conductive intermediate coating a top coating consisting essentially of lead dioxide weighing more than 25 grams per square meter of the valve metal substrate surface area.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
41 words
A method according to claim 6 wherein said semi-conductive intermediate coating is applied in a series of layers, each being dried before subsequent application of the next layer, and being baked at the conclusion of successive applications to their respective oxides.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
27 words
A method according to claim 6 wherein said top coating of lead dioxide is applied by electroplating lead dioxide upon the surface of said semi-conductive intermediate coating.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
44 words
A method according to claim 6 wherein said top coating of lead dioxide is applied by electroplating in a bath containing lead nitrate until the thickness of said outer coating is in the range of 100 to 300 grams per meter of electrode surface.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
26 words
A method according to claim 6 comprising the additional step of buffing the surface of said semi-conductive intermediate coating prior to electroplating said top coating thereon.
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USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1980-08-08 | 1981-02-07 | 1981-08-09 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1984-08-08 | 1985-02-07 | 1985-08-09 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1988-08-08 | 1989-02-07 | 1989-08-09 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |