Patent US3839097A successfully refreshed from Google Patents.
US3839097A
Expired / Lapsed
US
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Stabilization of acidic aqueous coating compositions containing an organic coating-forming material
Assignee: Henkel Corp
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Filing: 1972-11-20
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Granted: 1974-10-01
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Expires: 1992-11-20
Abstract
Abstract An acidic aqueous coating composition containing an organic coating-forming material forms on a metallic surface immersed therein a coating, the weight or thickness of which is related to the time the surface is immersed in the composition. The coating composition, which tends to become unstable as a result of the build up of metal ions in the composition, is stabilized by removing the metal ions with an ion exchange material. Also, in maintaining stability, anionic and/or nonionic surfactants or dispersing agents, which are present in the composition to disperse the organic-coating forming material, are added to the composition in an amount in excess of that which is added to replenish the organic coating-forming material as it is consumed during use. Also, coating compositions treated with the ion exchange material tend to produce coatings which have a textured or grainy appearance. The texturing of coatings can be avoided by contacting the coating composition with the ion exchange material in the presence of a cationic surfactant or an amphoteric surfactant which has cationic properties in the acidic aqueous coating composition, or other material which maintains the relatively small particles of the organic coating-forming material in the composition.
Inventors
- 👤 W Hall
- 👤 H Leister
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-31 19:43
CPC Classifications
C; C09; C09D; C09D7/00; B; B05; B05D; B05D7/00; B05D7/14; B05D7/142; C09D5/00
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 48
Claim 1
Independent Claim
265 words
IN THE PROCESS FOR APPLYING AN ORGANIC COATING TO OBJECTS HAVING A METALLIC SURFACE BY IMMERSING SAID OBJECT IN AN ACIDIC AQUEOUS COATING COMPOSITION CONTAINING DISPERSED SOLID PARTICLES OF AN ORGANIC COATING-FORMING MATERIALSURFACE AN ORGANIC COATING, THE FORM ON SAID METALLIC SURFACE AN ORGANIC COATING, THE THICKNESS OR AMOUNT OF WHICH INCREASES DURING AT LEAST A PORTION OF THE TIME SAID SURFACE IS IMMERSED IN SAID COMPOSITIO, WHEREIN SAID COMPOSITION DISSOLVES FROM SAID SURFACE METAL IONS WHICH TEND TO CAUSE SAID COMPOSITION ; AND WHEREIN SAID PARTICLES HAVE A SIZE WITHIN THE RANGE OF ABOUT 0.01 TO ABOUT 0.1 MICRON AND LARGER; AND WHEREIN SAID COMPOSITION IS CONTACTED WITH AN ION EXCHANGE MATERIAL WHICH REMOVES SAID METAL IONS FROM SAID COATING COMPOSITION THEREBY MAINTAINING SAID COMPOSITION STABLE; AND WHEREIN SAID COATING COMPOSITION PRIOR TO BEING CONTACTED WITH SAID ION EXCHANGE MATERIAL FORMS ON SAID SURFACE A SMOOTH OR GLOSSY COATING; AND WHEREIN SAID COMPOSITION AFTER BEING TRETED WITH SAID ION EXCHANGE MATERIAL TENDS TO FORM A SAID SURFACE A COATING WHICH IS GRAINY OR TEXTURE IN AOPERARANCE; THE IMPROVEMENT COMPRISING CONTACTING SAID COMPOSITION WITH SAID ION EXCHANGE MATERIAL IN THE PRESENCE OF A DISPERSING AGENT WHICH IS EFFECTIVE IN MAINTAINING DISPERSED IN SAID COMPOSITION SAID PARTICLES HAVING A SIZE WITHIN THE RANGE OF ABOUT 0.01 TO ABOUT 0.1 MICRON, AND THEREAFTER COATING SAID METALLIC SURFACE WITH THE THUS TREATED COMPOSITION CONTAINING SAID PARTICLES HAVING A SIZE WITHIN THE RANGE OF ABOUT 0.01 TO ABOUT 0.1 MICRON THEREBY FORMING ON SAID METALLIC SURFACE A SMOOTH COATING OR COATING WHICH HAS A REDUCED GRAINY OR TEXTURE APPEARANCE.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
265 words
IN THE PROCESS FOR APPLYING AN ORGANIC COATING TO OBJECTS HAVING A METALLIC SURFACE BY IMMERSING SAID OBJECT IN AN ACIDIC AQUEOUS COATING COMPOSITION CONTAINING DISPERSED SOLID PARTICLES OF AN ORGANIC COATING-FORMING MATERIALSURFACE AN ORGANIC COATING, THE FORM ON SAID METALLIC SURFACE AN ORGANIC COATING, THE THICKNESS OR AMOUNT OF WHICH INCREASES DURING AT LEAST A PORTION OF THE TIME SAID SURFACE IS IMMERSED IN SAID COMPOSITIO, WHEREIN SAID COMPOSITION DISSOLVES FROM SAID SURFACE METAL IONS WHICH TEND TO CAUSE SAID COMPOSITION ; AND WHEREIN SAID PARTICLES HAVE A SIZE WITHIN THE RANGE OF ABOUT 0.01 TO ABOUT 0.1 MICRON AND LARGER; AND WHEREIN SAID COMPOSITION IS CONTACTED WITH AN ION EXCHANGE MATERIAL WHICH REMOVES SAID METAL IONS FROM SAID COATING COMPOSITION THEREBY MAINTAINING SAID COMPOSITION STABLE; AND WHEREIN SAID COATING COMPOSITION PRIOR TO BEING CONTACTED WITH SAID ION EXCHANGE MATERIAL FORMS ON SAID SURFACE A SMOOTH OR GLOSSY COATING; AND WHEREIN SAID COMPOSITION AFTER BEING TRETED WITH SAID ION EXCHANGE MATERIAL TENDS TO FORM A SAID SURFACE A COATING WHICH IS GRAINY OR TEXTURE IN AOPERARANCE; THE IMPROVEMENT COMPRISING CONTACTING SAID COMPOSITION WITH SAID ION EXCHANGE MATERIAL IN THE PRESENCE OF A DISPERSING AGENT WHICH IS EFFECTIVE IN MAINTAINING DISPERSED IN SAID COMPOSITION SAID PARTICLES HAVING A SIZE WITHIN THE RANGE OF ABOUT 0.01 TO ABOUT 0.1 MICRON, AND THEREAFTER COATING SAID METALLIC SURFACE WITH THE THUS TREATED COMPOSITION CONTAINING SAID PARTICLES HAVING A SIZE WITHIN THE RANGE OF ABOUT 0.01 TO ABOUT 0.1 MICRON THEREBY FORMING ON SAID METALLIC SURFACE A SMOOTH COATING OR COATING WHICH HAS A REDUCED GRAINY OR TEXTURE APPEARANCE.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
12 words
A process according to claim 1 wherein said particles are resin particles.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
14 words
A process according to claim 2 wherein said dispersing agent is a protective colloid.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
14 words
A process according to claim 2 wherein said coating composition includes a black pigment.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
21 words
A process according to claim 2 wherein said dispersing agent is a surfactant having cationic properties in said acidic aqueous composition.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
13 words
A process according to claim 5 wherein said surfactant is an amphoteric surfactant.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
22 words
A process according to claim 6 wherein the amount of said amphoteric surfactant in said composition is at least about 0.05 g/l.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
23 words
A process according to claim 7 wherein the amount of said amphoteric surfactant in said composition is about 0.1 to about 0.5 g/l.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
39 words
A process according to claim 5 wherein said composition is contacted with an amount of ion exchange material that is at least about 65 percent above the amount theoretically needed to remove a predetermined amount of said metal ions.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
21 words
A process according to claim 9 wherein said metal ions are iron ions and wherein said surfactant is an amphoteric surfactant.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
17 words
A process according to claim 10 wherein said ion exchange material is a nucleated polystyrene sulfoniC acid.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
225 words
A process for applying a coating to objects having a metallic surface comprising: A. immersing said object in an acidic aqueous coating composition which comprises: a. about 5 g/l to about 550 g/l of resin dispersed in the composition, the source of the resin being a latex thereof; b. about 0.4 g/l to about 5 g/l of fluoride ion; c. an oxidizing agent selected from the class consisting of H2O2 and dichromate, said agent being present in an amount sufficient to provide from about 0.01 to about 0.2 of oxidizing equivalent per liter of composition; and d. hydrogen ion in an amount sufficient to impart a pH to the composition of about 1.6 to about 3.8 wherein said composition dissolves from said surface metal ions which tend to cause said composition to become unstable; B. contacting said composition with an ion exchange material which removes metal ions from said coating compositions thereby maintaining said composition stable, wherein said composition after being contacted with said ion exchange material tends to form on said metallic surface a coating which is grainy or textured in appearance; and C. contacting said composition with said ion exchange material in the presence of an amphoteric or cationic surfactant in an amount sufficient to form on said surface a smooth coating or a coating which has a reduced grainy or textured appearance.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
225 words
A process for applying a coating to objects having a metallic surface comprising: A. immersing said object in an acidic aqueous coating composition which comprises: a. about 5 g/l to about 550 g/l of resin dispersed in the composition, the source of the resin being a latex thereof; b. about 0.4 g/l to about 5 g/l of fluoride ion; c. an oxidizing agent selected from the class consisting of H2O2 and dichromate, said agent being present in an amount sufficient to provide from about 0.01 to about 0.2 of oxidizing equivalent per liter of composition; and d. hydrogen ion in an amount sufficient to impart a pH to the composition of about 1.6 to about 3.8 wherein said composition dissolves from said surface metal ions which tend to cause said composition to become unstable; B. contacting said composition with an ion exchange material which removes metal ions from said coating compositions thereby maintaining said composition stable, wherein said composition after being contacted with said ion exchange material tends to form on said metallic surface a coating which is grainy or textured in appearance; and C. contacting said composition with said ion exchange material in the presence of an amphoteric or cationic surfactant in an amount sufficient to form on said surface a smooth coating or a coating which has a reduced grainy or textured appearance.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
38 words
A process according to claim 12 wherein said metallic surface is a ferriferous surface, wherein said metal ions are iron ions and wherein the concentration of of iron ions in the composition is maintained below about 3 g/l.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
24 words
A process according to claim 13 wherein iron ions are removed from the composition to keep the concentration thereof from exceeding about 1.5 g/l.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
18 words
A process according to claim 12 wherein the amount of said surfactant is at least about 0.05 g/l.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
19 words
A process according to claim 15 wherein the amount of said surfactant is about 0.1 to about 0.5 g/l.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
13 words
A process according to claim 16 wherein said surfactant is an atmospheric surfactant.
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
13 words
A process according to claim 15 wherein said surfactant is an amphoteric surfactant.
Claim 21
Dependent Claim
14 words
A process according to claim 18 wherein said coating composition includes a black pigment.
Claim 22
Dependent Claim
83 words
A process according to claim 12 wherein said composition comprises: a. styrene-butadiene copolymer resin solids; b. about 1 to about 5 g/l of hydrofluoric acid; and c. about 1.5 to about 6 g/l of hydrogen peroxide and wherein the pH of said composition is about 1.6 to about 3.0, wherein said metallic surface is a ferriferous surface, wherein said metal ions are iron ions and wherein iron ions are removed from the composition to keep the concentration thereof from exceeding about 1.5 g/l.
Claim 23
Dependent Claim
18 words
A process according to claim 20 wherein the amount of said surfactant is at least about 0.05 g/l.
Claim 24
Dependent Claim
19 words
A process according to claim 21 wherein the amount of said surfactant is about 0.1 to about 0.5 g/l.
Claim 25
Dependent Claim
13 words
A process according to claim 22 wherein said surfactant is an amphoteric surfactant.
Claim 26
Dependent Claim
13 words
A process according to claim 21 wherein said surfactant is an amphoteric surfactant.
Claim 27
Dependent Claim
14 words
A process according to claim 24 wherein said coating composition includes a black pigment.
Claim 28
Dependent Claim
39 words
A process according to claim 12 wherein said composition is contacted with an amount of ion exchange material that is at least about 65 percent above the amount theoretically needed to remove a predetermined amount of said metal ions.
Claim 29
Dependent Claim
21 words
A process according to claim 26 wherein said metal ions are iron ions and wherein said surfactant is an amphoteric surfactant.
Claim 30
Dependent Claim
17 words
A process according to claim 27 wherein said ion exchange material is a nucleated polystyrene sulfonic acid.
Claim 31
Dependent Claim
39 words
A process according to claim 20 wherein said composition is contacted With an amount of ion exchange material that is at least about 65 percent above the amount theoretically needed to remove a predetermined amount of said metal ions.
Claim 32
Dependent Claim
13 words
A process according to claim 29 wherein said surfactant is an amphoteric surfactant.
Claim 33
Dependent Claim
17 words
A process according to claim 30 wherein said ion exchange material is a nucleated polystyrene sulfonic acid.
Claim 34
Dependent Claim
182 words
A process for applying an organic coating to objects having a metallic surface comprising: A. immersing said object in an acidic aqueous coating composition containing dispersed solid particles of an organic coating-forming material for a period of time sufficient to form on said metallic surface an organic coating, the thickness or amount of which increases during at least a portion of the time said surface is immersed in said composition, wherein said composition dissolves from said surface metal ions which tend to cause said composition to become unstable; B. contacting said composition with an ion exchange material which removes metal ions from said coating composition thereby maintaining said composition stable, wherein said coating composition, after being treated with said ion exchange material, tends to form coatings which are grainy or textured in appearance; and including C. contacting said composition with said ion exchange material in the presence of an amphoteric or cationic surfactant, wherein the amount of said surfactant is an amount sufficient to form on said surface a smooth coating or a coating which has a reduced grainy or textured appearance.
Claim 35
Dependent Claim
182 words
A process for applying an organic coating to objects having a metallic surface comprising: A. immersing said object in an acidic aqueous coating composition containing dispersed solid particles of an organic coating-forming material for a period of time sufficient to form on said metallic surface an organic coating, the thickness or amount of which increases during at least a portion of the time said surface is immersed in said composition, wherein said composition dissolves from said surface metal ions which tend to cause said composition to become unstable; B. contacting said composition with an ion exchange material which removes metal ions from said coating composition thereby maintaining said composition stable, wherein said coating composition, after being treated with said ion exchange material, tends to form coatings which are grainy or textured in appearance; and including C. contacting said composition with said ion exchange material in the presence of an amphoteric or cationic surfactant, wherein the amount of said surfactant is an amount sufficient to form on said surface a smooth coating or a coating which has a reduced grainy or textured appearance.
Claim 36
Dependent Claim
12 words
A process according to claim 32 wherein said particles are resin particles.
Claim 37
Dependent Claim
36 words
A process according to claim 33 including regenerating said ion exchange material by contacting it with a regenerating material that contains a sequestering agent which sequesters metal ions which are displaced from said ion exchange material.
Claim 38
Dependent Claim
32 words
A process according to claim 34 wherein said particles are resin particles, wherein said metal ions are iron ions and wherein said sequestering agent is oxalic acid, citric acid or glycolic acid.
Claim 39
Dependent Claim
13 words
A process according to claim 35 wherein said sequestering agent is oxalic acid.
Claim 40
Dependent Claim
23 words
A process according to claim 33 wherein said surfactant is included in said composition in an amount of at least about 0.05 g/l.
Claim 41
Dependent Claim
18 words
A process according to claim 33 wherein the amount of said surfactant is at least about 0.1 g/l.
Claim 42
Dependent Claim
19 words
A process according to claim 38 wherein the amount of said surfactant is about 0.2 to about 0.5 g/l.
Claim 43
Dependent Claim
13 words
A process according to claim 38 wherein said metal ions are iron ions.
Claim 44
Dependent Claim
13 words
A process according to claim 40 wherein said surfactant is an amphoteric surfactant.
Claim 45
Dependent Claim
11 words
A process according to claim 41 wherein said surfactant is either
Claim 46
Dependent Claim
39 words
A process according to claim 40 wherein said composition is contacted with an amount of ion exchange material that is at least about 65 percent above the amount theoretically needed to remove a predetermined amount of said iron ions.
Claim 47
Dependent Claim
27 words
A process according to claim 33 including regenerating said ion exchange material by contacting it with a regenerating acidic material that is an ingredient of said composition.
Claim 48
Dependent Claim
39 words
A process according to claim 44 wherein said particles are resin particles, wherein said metal ions are iron ions, wherein said composition contains phosphoric acid and wherein said ion exchange material is regenerated by contacting it with phosphoric acid.
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USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1977-09-30 | 1978-04-01 | 1978-10-01 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1981-09-30 | 1982-04-01 | 1982-10-01 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1985-09-30 | 1986-04-01 | 1986-10-01 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |