Patent US3775770A successfully refreshed from Google Patents.
US3775770A
Expired / Lapsed
US
⏱️ 0.0 years remaining
Method and means for performing distribution-free detection of signals in noise
Assignee: United States Department of the Navy
•
Filing: 1972-03-31
•
Granted: 1973-11-27
•
Expires: 1992-03-31
Abstract
Abstract Input data representative of a variable environment including both signals and noise is delayed by multiple equal delay increments to generate identical multiple versions in delayed form, the time period of the delay increments being chosen to produce delayed data that are statistically independent. A selected version of the input data is compared with each other version, including the delayed data, in multiple comparators each of which is operative to produce first and second outputs indicating that either the input data is (1) equal to or greater in amplitude than the delayed data, or that (2) the input data is less in amplitude than the delayed data, respectively. The outputs of all comparators are summed and the sum is sampled at a rate such that the samples are statistically independent. The samples are then summed and compared with a predetermined threshold to indicate the presence or absence of signal in the input data.
Inventors
- 👤 G Dillard
- 👤 C Antoniak
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-26 13:45
CPC Classifications
G; G01; G01S; G01S7/00; G01S7/02; G01S7/28; G01S7/285; G01S7/292; G01S7/2921; H; H04; H04L; H04L25/00; H04L25/02; H04L25/06; H04L25/061
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 11
Claim 1
Independent Claim
241 words
A system for detecting signals in a variable environment including noise comprising: means for receiving sequential input data representative of said variable environment; delay means for developing multiple delayed data from said input data by impressing substantially equal additional delay increments upon said input data, the time period of said delay increments being chosen to produce delayed versions of said input data that are statistically independent; multiple comparators for comparing a selected version of said input data with each other version of said data including said multiple delayed data, said comparators being one less in number than the number of versions of said data including its original and delayed forms, and each said comparator being operative to produce a first output indicating that said selected version of said input data is equal to or greater in amplitude than the other data with which it is compared, and a second output indicating said selected version of said input data is less in amplitude than the other data with which it is compared; means for summing the outputs of all said comparators; means for samPling the sum of said outputs at a sampling rate such that samples are statistically independent; means for summing the said samples; and means for comparing the said sum of said samples with a predetermined threshold, whereby a sum of samples having a value in excess of the threshold indicates the presence of a signal in said input data.
Claim 2
Independent Claim
241 words
A system for detecting signals in a variable environment including noise comprising: means for receiving sequential input data representative of said variable environment; delay means for developing multiple delayed data from said input data by impressing substantially equal additional delay increments upon said input data, the time period of said delay increments being chosen to produce delayed versions of said input data that are statistically independent; multiple comparators for comparing a selected version of said input data with each other version of said data including said multiple delayed data, said comparators being one less in number than the number of versions of said data including its original and delayed forms, and each said comparator being operative to produce a first output indicating that said selected version of said input data is equal to or greater in amplitude than the other data with which it is compared, and a second output indicating said selected version of said input data is less in amplitude than the other data with which it is compared; means for summing the outputs of all said comparators; means for samPling the sum of said outputs at a sampling rate such that samples are statistically independent; means for summing the said samples; and means for comparing the said sum of said samples with a predetermined threshold, whereby a sum of samples having a value in excess of the threshold indicates the presence of a signal in said input data.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
51 words
A system as claimed in claim 1 and including: means for accumulating the sums of the outputs of said comparators for successive input data periods; and a comparator for receiving and comparing the accumulated sums with a selected threshold for determining the presence or absence of signal in said input data.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
41 words
A system as claimed in claim 2 wherein said input data is derived from a radar system and said threshold is selected in accordance with known parameters of the radar system including pulse repetition frequency, beam width, and antenna drive rate.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
71 words
A system as claimed in claim 1 and including: means for comparing successive sums of the outputs of said comparators for producing quantized outputs as determined by the amplitude of each successive sum relative to a selected threshold; means for accumulating said quantized outputs over a predetermined time period; and comparator means for comparing the accumulated quantized with a known threshold for determining the presence of signal in said input data.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
73 words
A system as claimed in claim 1 and including: means for comparing successive sums of the outputs of said comparators for producing quantized outputs as determined by the amplitude of each successive sum relative to a selected threshold; multiplier means for multiplying the input data by each quantized output; and means for integrating the outputs of said multiplier over a predetermined time period for determining the presence of signal during said time period.
Claim 7
Independent Claim
182 words
A method for detecting signals in a variable environment including noise comprising the steps of: delaying received sequential input data representative of the variable environment by substantially equal and additional delay increments for developing multiple delayed data, the time period of the delay increments being chosen to produce multiple versions of the input data which are statistically independent; comparing a selected version of the data with each other of the multiple versions of the data for producing a first output indicative that the selected data is equal to or greater in amplitude than the other data with which it is compared, and a second output indicative that the selected data is less in amplitude than the data with which it is compared; summing the outputs of all the comparators; sampling the sum of the outputs at a sampling rate such that the samples are statistically independent; summing the samples; and comparing the sum of the samples with a predetermined threshold whereby a sum of samples having a value in excess of the threshold indicates the presence of signal in the input data.
Claim 8
Independent Claim
182 words
A method for detecting signals in a variable environment including noise comprising the steps of: delaying received sequential input data representative of the variable environment by substantially equal and additional delay increments for developing multiple delayed data, the time period of the delay increments being chosen to produce multiple versions of the input data which are statistically independent; comparing a selected version of the data with each other of the multiple versions of the data for producing a first output indicative that the selected data is equal to or greater in amplitude than the other data with which it is compared, and a second output indicative that the selected data is less in amplitude than the data with which it is compared; summing the outputs of all the comparators; sampling the sum of the outputs at a sampling rate such that the samples are statistically independent; summing the samples; and comparing the sum of the samples with a predetermined threshold whereby a sum of samples having a value in excess of the threshold indicates the presence of signal in the input data.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
57 words
A method for detecting signals in a variable environment including noise as claimed in claim 6 and also including the steps of: accumulating the sums of the outputs of the comparators for successive input data periods; and, comparing the accumulated sums with a selected threshold to determine the presence or absence of signal in the input data.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
78 words
A method of detecting signals in a variable environment including noise as claimed in claim 6 and also including the steps of: comparing successive sums of the outputs of the comparators for producing quantized outputs as determined by the amplitude of each successive sum relative to a selected threshold; accumulating the quantized outputs over a predetermined time period; and comparing the accumulated quantized outputs with a known threshold for determining the presence of signal in the input data.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
79 words
A method of detecting signals in a variable environment including noise as claimed in claim 6 and also includiNg the steps of: comparing successive sums of the outputs of the comparators for producing quantized outputs as determined by the amplitude of each successive sum relative to a selected threshold; multiplying the input data by each quantized output; and integrating the outputs of the multiplier over a predetermined time period for determining the presence of signal during that time period.
References Cited (Backward Citations)
USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1976-11-26 | 1977-05-28 | 1977-11-27 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1980-11-26 | 1981-05-28 | 1981-11-27 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1984-11-26 | 1985-05-28 | 1985-11-27 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |