Patent US3775151A successfully refreshed from Google Patents.
US3775151A
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US
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Process for preparing chromized ferrous metal sheet material and the resultant articles
Assignee: National Steel Corp
•
Filing: 1970-05-06
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Granted: 1973-11-27
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Expires: 1990-05-06
Abstract
Abstract A noncompacted adherent coating containing a chromizing energizer and a particulate source of metallic chromium is formed on ferrous metal sheet material by applying chromium containing powder in a dry state on the sheet metal and causing the powder to adhere to the sheet metal, whereby the resultant coated sheet material is especially useful in preparing chromized sheet material. The process makes possible preparation of ferrous metal sheet material chromizing stock in high speed commercial coating lines and costs may be reduced substantially. In one variant, chromized sheet material is prepared by applying a halogencontaining energizer and a particulate source of metallic chromium on ferrous metal sheet material, forming an adherent, noncompacted coating thereon containing the energizer and the particulate source of chromium, assembling a plurality of layers of the coated sheet material into a chromizing pack, and subjecting the pack to a chromizing temperature in a protective atmosphere. In a preferred variant, an energizer is selected which has an adhesive characteristic under the process conditions, and it is used as the adhesive to form the adherent, non-compacted coating. In another variant, a binder which has an adhesive characteristic under the process conditions is used in forming the adherent coating. When desired, the adherent coating may be applied to only one surface of the sheet material, and both surfaces may be chromized without welding of adjacent layers or convolutions. The invention further provides the coated ferrous metal sheet material prepared by the coating process of the invention, chromizing packs prepared therefrom, and chromized ferrous metal sheet material prepared by the chromizing process of the invention.
Inventors
- 👤 J Baker
- 👤 R Bird
- 👤 G Bush
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-24 03:05
CPC Classifications
C; C23; C23C; C23C10/00; C23C10/28; C23C10/30; C23C10/32; Y; Y10; Y10T; Y10T428/00; Y10T428/31504; Y10T428/31678
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 65
Claim 1
Independent Claim
13 words
The process of claim 1 wherein the adhesive composition includes a halogen-containing energizer.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
13 words
The process of claim 1 wherein the energizer comprises a halide of iron.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
27 words
The process of claim 3 wherein the energizer is at least one substance selected from the group consisting of ferrous chloride, ferric chloride and the hydrates thereof.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
33 words
The process of claim 1 wherein the sheet material is in the form of discrete sheets and the pack is assembled by stacking a plurality of the discrete coated sheets in superimposed relationship.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
25 words
The process of claim 1 wherein the sheet material is in the form of strip and the pack is assembled by coiling the coated strip.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
20 words
The process of claim 1 wherein only one surface of the sheet material is coated with the source of chromium.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
13 words
The process of claim 7 wherein the adhesive composition includes a halogen-containing energizer.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
13 words
The process of claim 8 wherein the energizer comprises a halide of iron.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
27 words
The process of claim 9 wherein the energizer is at least one substance selected from the group consisting of ferrous chloride, ferric chloride and the hydrates thereof.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
33 words
The process of claim 7 wherein the sheet material is in the form of discrete sheets and the pack is assembled by stacking a plurality of the discrete coated sheets in superimposed relationship.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
25 words
The process of claim 7 wherein the sheet material is in the form of strip and the pack is assembled by coiling the coated strip.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
192 words
A process for preparing chromized ferrous metal comprising applying a coating of a liquid composition including a volatilizable liquid and a halogen-containing energizer on ferrous metal sheet material to wet the surface, applying without compaction a particulate coating of a substantially dry particulate source of chromium on the surface of the sheet material wetted with said liquid composition, drying the coated sheet material to remove the volatilizable liquid from the coating and produce dried sheet material with an adherent coating thereon containing the energizer and the particulate source of chromium, said liquid composition having an adhesive characteristic under the drying conditions whereby an adherent coating containing the energizer and particulate source of chromium is formed on the dried sheet material in the absence of compaction, assembling a plurality of layers of the dried coated sheet material into a pack for chromizing the surfaces thereof, the adjacent layers of the dried sheet material in the pack having at Least one adherent coating containing the energizer and the particulate source of chromium therebetween, and subjecting the pack to an elevated chromizing temperature in a protective atmosphere to chromize the surfaces of the sheet material.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
13 words
The process of claim 13 wherein said liquid composition also contains a binder.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
21 words
The process of claim 13 wherein the volatilizable liquid comprises water and the energizer comprises a water soluble halide of iron.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
33 words
The process of claim 13 wherein the volatilizable liquid is water and the energizer is at least one substance selected from the group consisting of ferrous chloride, ferric chloride and the hydrates thereof.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
33 words
The process of claim 13 wherein the sheet material is in the form of discrete sheets and the pack is assembled by stacking a plurality of the dried coated sheets in superimposed relationship.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
26 words
The process of claim 13 wherein the sheet material is in the form of strip and the pack is assembled by coiling the dried coated strip.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
20 words
The process of claim 13 wherein only one surface of the sheet material is coated with the source of chromium.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
13 words
The process of claim 19 wherein said liquid composition also contains a binder.
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
21 words
The process of claim 19 wherein the volatilizable liquid comprises water and the energizer comprises a water soluble halide of iron.
Claim 21
Dependent Claim
47 words
The process of claim 19 wherein the volatilizable liquid is water and the energizer is at least one substance selected from the group consisting of ferrous chloride, ferric chloride and the hydrates thereof and the coating of the particulate source of chromium is applied by electrostatic deposition.
Claim 22
Dependent Claim
33 words
The process of claim 19 wherein the sheet material is in the form of discrete sheets and the pack is assembled by stacking a plurality of the dried coated sheets in superimposed relationship.
Claim 23
Dependent Claim
26 words
The process of claim 19 wherein the sheet material is in the form of strip and the pack is assembled by coiling the dried coated strip.
Claim 24
Dependent Claim
34 words
The process of claim 13 wherein both surfaces of the sheet material are coated with a coating comprising the energizer and only one surface is coated with a coating comprising the source of chromium.
Claim 25
Dependent Claim
21 words
The process of claim 25 wherein the volatilizable liquid comprises water and the energizer comprises a water soluble halide of iron.
Claim 26
Dependent Claim
47 words
The process of claim 25 wherein the volatilizable liquid is water and the energizer is at least one substance selected from the group consisting of ferrous chloride, ferric chloride and the hydrates thereof and the coating of the particulate source of chromium is applied by electrostatic deposition.
Claim 27
Dependent Claim
33 words
The process of claim 25 wherein the sheet material is in the form of discrete sheets and the pack is assembled by stacking a plurality of the dried coated sheets in superimposed relationship.
Claim 28
Dependent Claim
26 words
The process of claim 25 wherein the sheet material is in the form of strip and the pack is assembled by coiling the dried coated strip.
Claim 29
Dependent Claim
105 words
The process of claim 13 wherein the sheet material is ferrous metal strip, the strip is passed through a continuous horizontal coating line having first and second coating zones, the strip is coated on the upper surface in the first coating zone with the liquid composition containing the volatilizable liquid and the energizer and then is coated on the upper surface in the second coating zone with particles of the source of chromium by electrostatic deposition, the wet coated strip is passed through a drying zone and is dried, and the dried coated strip is coiled to form a pack for chromizing the surfaces thereof.
Claim 30
Dependent Claim
21 words
The process of claim 30 wherein the volatilizable liquid comprises water and the energizer comprises a water soluble halide of iron.
Claim 31
Dependent Claim
33 words
The process of claim 30 wherein the volatilizable liquid is water and the energizer is at least one substance selected from the group consisting of ferrous chloride, ferric chloride and the hydrates thereof.
Claim 32
Dependent Claim
16 words
The procesS of claim 30 wherein the liquid composition consists essentially of water and ferrous chloride.
Claim 33
Dependent Claim
128 words
A process for preparing composite ferrous metal sheet material comprising applying a coating of a liquid composition including a volatilizable liquid and a halogen-containing energizer on ferrous metal sheet material to wet the surface, applying without compaction a particulate coating of a substanitally dry particulate source of chromium on the surface of the sheet material wetted with said liquid composition, and drying the coated sheet material to remove the volatilizable liquid from the coating and produce dried sheet material with an adherent coating thereon containing the energizer and the particulate source of chromium, said liquid composition having an adhesive characteristic under the drying conditions whereby an adherent coating containing the energizer and particulate source of chromium is formed on the dried sheet material in the absence of compaction.
Claim 34
Dependent Claim
13 words
The process of claim 34 wherein said liquid composition also contains a binder.
Claim 35
Dependent Claim
21 words
The process of claim 34 wherein the volatilizable liquid comprises water and the energizer comprises a water soluble halide of iron.
Claim 36
Dependent Claim
33 words
The process of claim 34 wherein the volatilizable liquid is water and the energizer is at least one substance selected from the group consisting of ferrous chloride, ferric chloride and the hydrates thereof.
Claim 37
Dependent Claim
20 words
The process of claim 34 wherein only one surface of the sheet material is coated with the source of chromium.
Claim 38
Dependent Claim
21 words
The process of claim 38 wherein the volatilizable liquid comprises water and the energizer comprises a water soluble halide of iron.
Claim 39
Dependent Claim
47 words
The process of claim 38 wherein the volatilizable liquid is water and the energizer is at least one substance selected from the group consisting of ferrous chloride, ferric chloride and the hydrates thereof and the coating of the particulate source of chromium is applied by electrostatic deposition.
Claim 40
Dependent Claim
36 words
The process of claim 34 wherein both surfaces of the sheet material are coated with the liquid composition containing the volatilizable liquid and the energizer and only one surface is coated with the source of chromium.
Claim 41
Dependent Claim
21 words
The process of claim 41 wherein the volatilizable liquid comprises water and the energizer comprises a water soluble halide of iron.
Claim 42
Dependent Claim
16 words
The process of claim 41 wherein the liquid composition consists essentially of water and ferrous chloride
Claim 43
Dependent Claim
58 words
A composite article consisting essentially of ferrous metal sheet material having a coating of an adhesive composition including a halogen-containing energizer on at least one surface thereof and an adherent particulate coating of a substantially dry particulate source of metallic chromium applied over the adhesive composition, the adherent particulate source of metallic chromium having been applied without compaction.
Claim 44
Dependent Claim
14 words
The composite article of claim 44 wherein the energizer comprises a halide of iron.
Claim 45
Dependent Claim
28 words
The composite article of claim 44 wherein the energizer is at least one substance selected from the group consisting of ferrous chloride, ferric chloride and the hydrates thereof.
Claim 46
Dependent Claim
21 words
The composite article of claim 44 wherein only one surface of the sheet material is coated with the source of chromium.
Claim 47
Dependent Claim
29 words
The composite article of claim 44 wherein both surfaces of the sheet material are coated with the energizer and only one surface is coated with the source of chromium.
Claim 48
Dependent Claim
14 words
The composite article of claim 48 wherein the energizer comprises a halide of iron.
Claim 49
Dependent Claim
26 words
The composite article of claim 48 wherein the energizer is ferrous chloride and the coating of the particulate source of chromium is applied by electrostatic deposition.
Claim 50
Dependent Claim
101 words
A pack for preparing chromized ferrous metal comprising a plurality of assembled layers of ferrous metal sheet material, each layer of sheet material having a coating of an adhesive composition including a halogen-containing energizer on at least one surface thereof aNd an adherent particulate coating of a substantially dry particulate source of metallic chromium applied over the adhesive composition, the adherent particulate coating of the source of metallic chromium having been applied without compaction and the adjacent layers of the sheet material in the pack having at least one coating of the adhesive composition and the source of metallic chromium therebetween.
Claim 51
Dependent Claim
103 words
A pack for preparing chromized ferrous metal consisting essentially of a plurality of assembled layers of ferrous metal sheet material, an adherent coating on at least one surface of each layer of the sheet material consisting essentially of an adhesive composition including a halogen-containing energizer and a substantially dry particulate source of metallic chromium, the adhesive composition being applied separately from the particulate source of chromium, the adhesive composition forming an adherent coating of the particulate source of chromium on the sheet material without compaction, and adjacent layers of the sheet material in the pack having at least one of said coatings therebetween.
Claim 52
Dependent Claim
281 words
A process for applying an adherent coating containing a particulate source of chromium and a chromizing energizer on ferrous metal sheet material comprising the steps of applying a film of an aqueous solution of an iron halide on at least one surface area of the ferrous metal sheet material, the aqueous solution being applied to a surface area of the sheet material to be coated in an amount sufficient to form a thin substantially uniform film thereon, introducing a gaseous suspension of dry electrically charged particles of a particulate source of metallic chromium adjacent to a surface area of the sheet material having the film of aqueous solution thereon, the sheet material being in an electrostatic field applied in a manner whereby the electrically charged particles of the source of chromium are deposited on the surface area having the film of aqueous solution thereon in the form of a particulate coating, heating the sheet material at an elevated temperature to evaporate the water content of the aqueous solution and dry the coated sheet material, the aqueous solution having an adhesive characteristic under the drying conditions whereby an adherent coating containing the iron halide and the particulate source of chromium is formed on the sheet material without compaction, the water content of the film of aqueous solution being maintained below an amount which causes substantial blistering of the coating under the drying conditions, and the iron halide being dissolved in the aqueous solution in an amount whereby the iron halide content of the aqueous solution applied to the sheet material is effective as a chromizing energizer when the dried coated sheet material is subjected to a chromizing temperature in a protective atmosphere.
Claim 53
Dependent Claim
28 words
The process of claim 53 wherein the iron halide is at least one substance selected from the group consisting of ferrrous chloride, ferric chloride and the hydrates thereof.
Claim 54
Dependent Claim
12 words
The process of claim 53 wherein the iron halide comprises ferrous chloride.
Claim 55
Dependent Claim
34 words
The process of claim 53 wherein the coating of the dried sheet material contains 5-50 grams of metallic chromium and 1-20 grams of iron halide per square foot of surface area to be chromized.
Claim 56
Dependent Claim
26 words
The process of claim 53 wherein the weight ratio of metallic chromium to iron halide on the dried coated sheet material is between 1:1 and 10:1.
Claim 57
Dependent Claim
21 words
The process of claim 53 wherein the aqueous solution of iron halide has a specific gravity of at least 1.3 g/cc.
Claim 58
Dependent Claim
35 words
The process of claim 53 wherein the iron halide comprises ferrous chloride tetrahydrate, and the coated sheet material is heated at a temperature sufficiently elevated to remove at least part of the water of hydration.
Claim 59
Dependent Claim
22 words
The process of claim 53 wherein only one surface of the sheet material is coated with the particulate source of metallic cHromium.
Claim 60
Dependent Claim
78 words
The process of claim 53 wherein a plurality of layers of the dried coated sheet material are assembled into a pack for chromizing the surfaces thereof, the adjacent layers of the sheet material in the pack have at least one adherent coating containing the particulate source of metallic chromium and the iron halide therebetween, and the surfaces of the layers of sheet material are chromized by subjecting the pack to an elevated chromizing temperature in a protective atmosphere.
Claim 61
Dependent Claim
85 words
The process of claim 61 wherein the iron halide comprises ferrous chloride tetrahydrate and the coated sheet material is heated at a temperature sufficiently elevated to remove at least part of the water of hydration, the coating on the dried sheet material contains 5-50 grams of metallic chromium and 1-20 grams of iron halide per square foot of surface area to be chromized, and the weight ratio of metallic chromium to the iron halide on the dried coated sheet material is between 1:1 and 10:1.
Claim 62
Dependent Claim
21 words
The process of claim 61 wherein only one surface of the sheet material is coated with the particulate source of chromium.
Claim 63
Dependent Claim
106 words
The process of claim 61 wherein the sheet material is ferrous metal strip, the strip is passed through a continuous horizontal coating line having first and second coating zones, the strip is continuously coated on at least the upper surface in the first coating zone with a thin uniform film of the aqueous solution and then is continuously coated on at least the upper surface in the second coating zone with particles of the source of metallic chromium, the coated strip is passed through a drying zone and is dried, and the dried coated strip is coiled to form a pack for chromizing the surfaces thereof.
Claim 64
Dependent Claim
85 words
The process of claim 64 wherein the iron halide comprises ferrous chloride tetrahydrate and the coated sheet material is heated at a temperature sufficiently elevated to remove at least part of the water of hydration, the coating on the dried sheet material contains 5-50 grams of metallic chromium and 1-20 grams of iron halide per square foot of surface area to be chromized, and the weight ratio of metallic chromium to the iron halide on the dried coated sheet material is between 1:1 and 10:1.
Claim 65
Dependent Claim
21 words
The process of claim 65 wherein only the upper surface of the strip is coated with the source of metallic chromium.
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USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1976-11-26 | 1977-05-28 | 1977-11-27 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1980-11-26 | 1981-05-28 | 1981-11-27 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1984-11-26 | 1985-05-28 | 1985-11-27 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |