Patent EP0342767A1 successfully refreshed from Google Patents.
EP0342767A1
Expired / Lapsed
EP
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Controlling rapping cycle
Assignee: Shell Internationale Research Maatschappij BV
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Filing: 1989-05-19
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Granted: —
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Expires: 2009-05-19
Abstract
Abstract A method and apparatus for controlling rapping of heat exchanging surfaces based on the heat transfer coefficient of the exchanger systems.
Inventors
- 👤 Paul Felix Russel
- 👤 Egon Lorenz Doering
- 👤 Clifford Charles Segerstrom
- 👤 Jacob Hendrik Stil
- 👤 Gerd Harenslak
- 👤 Matheus Maria Van Kessel
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
EP
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-31 13:20
CPC Classifications
F; F22; F22B; F22B37/00; F22B37/02; F22B37/56; F28; F28G; F28G15/00; F28G15/003
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 18
Claim 1
Independent Claim
217 words
A method for optimizing the operation of a heat exchanging zone by removal of fouling deposits on heat exchanging surfaces, characterized by the steps of: (a) removing heat from a gas in a heat exchanging zone by indirect heat exchange with a heat transfer cooling system, said heat exchanging zone comprising a plurality of sections at least one of which sections is a one- or two-phase heat transfer section, and in which fouling deposits accumulate on the surfaces thereof at different rates because of different conditions which occur in the sections and each section including rappers for removing said deposits; (b) determining the overall heat transfer coefficient of the heat transfer surfaces, including any fouling deposits thereon, for each section of said zone; (c) determining the relative change of the overall heat transfer coefficient due to the change of the thickness of said fouling deposits as a function of time; (d) comparing the relative change of the overall heat transfer coefficient of each section from (c) with a preselected reference section, said reference section being the section of least fouling and which is rapped based on its current overall heat transfer coefficient as compared to its initial overall heat transfer coefficient; and (e) controlling said rappers for removing said fouling deposits from said sections of said zone.
Claim 2
Independent Claim
217 words
A method for optimizing the operation of a heat exchanging zone by removal of fouling deposits on heat exchanging surfaces, characterized by the steps of: (a) removing heat from a gas in a heat exchanging zone by indirect heat exchange with a heat transfer cooling system, said heat exchanging zone comprising a plurality of sections at least one of which sections is a one- or two-phase heat transfer section, and in which fouling deposits accumulate on the surfaces thereof at different rates because of different conditions which occur in the sections and each section including rappers for removing said deposits; (b) determining the overall heat transfer coefficient of the heat transfer surfaces, including any fouling deposits thereon, for each section of said zone; (c) determining the relative change of the overall heat transfer coefficient due to the change of the thickness of said fouling deposits as a function of time; (d) comparing the relative change of the overall heat transfer coefficient of each section from (c) with a preselected reference section, said reference section being the section of least fouling and which is rapped based on its current overall heat transfer coefficient as compared to its initial overall heat transfer coefficient; and (e) controlling said rappers for removing said fouling deposits from said sections of said zone.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
44 words
The method as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that said gas is passed from a reactor to a heat exchanging zone and includes passing said gas through at least one section adapted to generate superheated steam, and a lower temperature heat exchanging section.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
34 words
The method as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the step of determining overall heat transfer coefficient includes determining the overall heat transfer coefficient of said deposits for each section of said zone.
Claim 5
Independent Claim
65 words
The method as claimed in claims 1 or 3, characterized in that the step of determining the overall heat transfer coefficient includes determining mass flow rates of said gas and cooling system within said heat exchanging zone, determining temperatures of said gas and cooling system within said heat exchanging zone, and determining heat fluxes of said gas and cooling system within said heat exchanging zone.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
30 words
The method as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the step of removing said fouling deposits includes removing deposits from each section of said zone using mechanical rapping means.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
29 words
The method as claimed in claim 5, characterized in that the step of using rapping means includes separately and independently controlling rapping parameters for each section of said zone.
Claim 8
Independent Claim
22 words
The method as claimed in claims 5 or 6, characterized in that the step of using rapping means includes adjusting rapping parameters.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
88 words
The method as claimed in claim 7, characterized by adjusting said rapping parameters of each section of said zone based on (d), said adjusting including one or more of (1) adjusting a time interval between rapping of individual rappers in said section, (2) adjusting rapping force of individual rappers, (3) adjusting the number of strikes of an individual rapper in its cycle, (4) adjusting the time interval for rapping an individual rapper, and (5) adjusting the time interval between complete rapping cycles of rappers in a said section.
Claim 10
Independent Claim
216 words
An apparatus for optimizing the operation of a heat exchanging zone used to cool a gas by removal of fouling deposits on heat exchanging surfaces, characterized by: (a) means for removing heat from said gas in said heat exchanging zone by indirect heat exchange, said heat exchanging zone comprising a plurality of sections, at least one of which is a one- or two-phase heat transfer section, and in which sections fouling deposits accumulate on the surfaces thereof at different rates because of different conditions which occur in the sections and each section includes rappers for removing said deposits; (b) means for determining the overall heat transfer coefficient of the heat transfer surfaces, including any fouling deposits thereon, for each section of said zone; (c) means for determining the relative change of the overall heat transfer coefficient of said fouling deposits as a function of time; (d) means for comparing the relative change of the overall heat transfer coefficient of each section from (c) with a preselected reference section, said reference section being the section of least fouling and which is rapped based on its current overall heat transfer coefficient as compared to its initial overall heat transfer coefficient; and (e) means for controlling said rappers for removing said fouling deposits from said sections of said zone.
Claim 11
Independent Claim
216 words
An apparatus for optimizing the operation of a heat exchanging zone used to cool a gas by removal of fouling deposits on heat exchanging surfaces, characterized by: (a) means for removing heat from said gas in said heat exchanging zone by indirect heat exchange, said heat exchanging zone comprising a plurality of sections, at least one of which is a one- or two-phase heat transfer section, and in which sections fouling deposits accumulate on the surfaces thereof at different rates because of different conditions which occur in the sections and each section includes rappers for removing said deposits; (b) means for determining the overall heat transfer coefficient of the heat transfer surfaces, including any fouling deposits thereon, for each section of said zone; (c) means for determining the relative change of the overall heat transfer coefficient of said fouling deposits as a function of time; (d) means for comparing the relative change of the overall heat transfer coefficient of each section from (c) with a preselected reference section, said reference section being the section of least fouling and which is rapped based on its current overall heat transfer coefficient as compared to its initial overall heat transfer coefficient; and (e) means for controlling said rappers for removing said fouling deposits from said sections of said zone.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
47 words
The apparatus as claimed in claim 9, characterized in that a means for passing said gas from a reactor to a heat exchanging zone includes means for passing said gas through at least one section adapted to generate superheated steam, and a lower temperature heat exchanging section.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
35 words
The apparatus as claimed in claim 9, characterized in that said means for determining the overall heat transfer coefficient includes means for determining the overall heat of said deposits for each section of said zone.
Claim 14
Independent Claim
71 words
The apparatus as claimed in claims 10 or 11, characterized in that said means for determining the overall heat transfer coefficient includes means for determining mass flow rates of said gas and cooling system within said heat exchanging zone, means for determining temperatures of said gas and cooling system within said heat exchanging zone, and means for determining heat fluxes of said gas and cooling system within said heat exchanging zone.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
32 words
The apparatus as claimed in claim 10, characterized in that said means for removing said fouling deposits includes means for removing deposits from each section of said zone using mechanical rapping means.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
28 words
The apparatus as claimed in claim 13, characterized in that said rapping means includes means for separately and independently controlling rapping parameters for each section of said zone.
Claim 17
Independent Claim
21 words
The apparatus as claimed in claims 13 or 14, characterized in that said rapping means includes means for adjusting rapping parameters.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
108 words
The apparatus as claimed in claim 15, characterized by means for adjusting said means for adjusting said rapping parameters of each section of said zone based on the determination of (d), said means for adjusting including one or more of (1) means for adjusting a time interval between rapping of individual rappers in said section, (2) means for adjusting rapping force of individual rappers, (3) means for adjusting the number of strikes of an individual rapper in its cycle, (4) means for adjusting the time interval for rapping an individual rapper, and (5) means for adjusting the time interval between complete rapping cycles of rappers in said section.
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