Apparatus for determining fiber directionality in moving web structures
Abstract
Abstract AN APPARATUS TO DETERMINE FIBER DIRECTIONALITY IN MOVING WEB STRUCTURES. THE APPARATUS USES A FIBER PROPERTY OF DIRECTIONAL REFLECTANCE OF COLLIMATED LIGHT TO ESTABLISH FIBER POSITION (DIRECTION). COLLIMATED LIGHT IS PROJECTED ONTO A WEB SURFACE AND THE SCATTERED REFLECTED LIGHT IS SENSED BY MULTIPLE OPTICAL SENSORS. SINCE LIGHT IS REFLECTED GREATEST PERPENDICULAR TO THE DIRECTION OF THE FIBER AXIS, A MEASSURE OF OVERALL FIBER DIRECTIONALITY IS OBTAINED BY COMPARING THE PICKUP OF STRATEGICALLY PLACED PHOTO SENSORS. THE APPARATUS INCLUDES THREE SECTIONS: SCANNING HEADS FOR MONITORING UPPER AND LOWER WEB SURFACES; ELECTRONIC CIRCUITS TO COMPARE THE SIGNAL OUTPUTS OF THE PHOTO SENSORS IN THE SCANNING HEADS TO OBTAIN RELATED VALUES OF FIBER DIRECTIONALITY; AND A CONTROLLED POWER SUPPLY AND ILLUMINATION SOURCE. THE DEGREE OF ILLUMINATION IS CONTROLLED BY THE GENERAL BRIGHTNESS OF THE MATERIAL BEING MEASURED SO THAT A CONSTANT LEVEL OF REFLECTANCE IS MAINTAINED.
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