US9316608B2
Active / In Force
US
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Method and apparatus for target detection using electrode-bound viruses
Assignee: University of California, San Diego
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Filing: 2013-07-12
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Granted: 2016-04-19
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Expires: 2033-07-12
Abstract
Abstract A biosensor that is capable of detecting the presence and/or concentration of an analyte or biomarker includes at least one electrically conductive electrode operatively coupled to an impedance analyzer for measuring the change in the resistive impedance ΔZ Re of the electrode in response to an applied alternating current at a plurality of frequencies. In one embodiment, at least one electrode is covered with a self-assembled monolayer that is chemically bonded to a surface. A plurality of virus particles such as phage viruses are immobilized on the self-assembled monolayer and may be exposed to a test or sample solution. The virus particles may be obtained from phage-displayed libraries to detect a wide variety of targets including, for example, DNA, RNA, small molecules, and proteins or polypeptides. In another embodiment, the virus particles are electrostatically bound to a substrate in between a pair of elongated electrodes disposed on a substrate.
Inventors
- 👤 Gregory A. Weiss
- 👤 Reginald M. Penner
- 👤 Phillip Y. Tam
- 👤 Li-Mei Yang
- 👤 Tyler Brigham
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-11-05 11:21
CPC Classifications
G; G01; G01N; G01N27/00; G01N27/26; G01N27/28; G01N27/30; G01N27/327; G01N27/3275; G01N27/3277
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 15
Claim 1
Independent Claim
67 words
A biosensor comprising: an electrically conductive gold electrode operatively coupled to an impedance analyzer for measuring the change in the resistive impedance ΔZ Re of the electrode; a self-assembled monolayer chemically bonded to a surface of the electrically conductive gold electrode via a thiol-gold bond formed between N-hydroxysuccinimide thioctic ester and the gold electrode; and a plurality of phage virus particles covalently bound to the self-assembled monolayer.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
67 words
A biosensor comprising: an electrically conductive gold electrode operatively coupled to an impedance analyzer for measuring the change in the resistive impedance ΔZ Re of the electrode; a self-assembled monolayer chemically bonded to a surface of the electrically conductive gold electrode via a thiol-gold bond formed between N-hydroxysuccinimide thioctic ester and the gold electrode; and a plurality of phage virus particles covalently bound to the self-assembled monolayer.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
17 words
The biosensor of claim 1 , further comprising one or more macromolecules disposed in the self-assembled monolayer.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
19 words
The biosensor of claim 2 , wherein the macromolecule comprises bovine serum albumin (BSA) disposed in the self-assembled monolayer.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
15 words
The biosensor of claim 1 , wherein the plurality of phage particles comprise bacteriophage M13.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
20 words
The biosensor of claim 1 , wherein the plurality of phage particles selectively bind to prostate specific membrane antigen (PSMA).
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
36 words
The biosensor of claim 1 , further comprising a processor operatively connected to the impedance analyzer for calculating an analyte concentration based at least in part on the measured change in resistive impedance ΔZ Re .
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
15 words
The biosensor of claim 1 , wherein substantially the entire self-assembled monolayer is pinhole free.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
38 words
The biosensor of claim 1 , wherein the impedance analyzer is operatively coupled to the electrically conductive gold electrode so as to apply an alternating current within the frequency range of about 2 kHz to about 500 kHz.
Claim 10
Independent Claim
134 words
A system for detecting the presence of an analyte in a sample comprising: an electrically conductive gold electrode operatively coupled to an impedance analyzer for measuring the change in the resistive impedance ΔZ Re of the gold electrode in response to an applied alternating current; a self-assembled monolayer chemically bonded to a surface of the electrically conductive gold electrode via a thiol-gold bond formed between N-hydroxysuccinimide thioctic ester and the gold electrode; a plurality of phage virus particles covalently bound to the self-assembled monolayer; and at least one processor operatively coupled to the impedance analyzer for comparing the change in the measured resistive impedance ΔZ Re with one or more pre-set values, the at least one processor configured for outputting a signal indicative of analyte detection based at least in part on the comparison.
Claim 11
Independent Claim
134 words
A system for detecting the presence of an analyte in a sample comprising: an electrically conductive gold electrode operatively coupled to an impedance analyzer for measuring the change in the resistive impedance ΔZ Re of the gold electrode in response to an applied alternating current; a self-assembled monolayer chemically bonded to a surface of the electrically conductive gold electrode via a thiol-gold bond formed between N-hydroxysuccinimide thioctic ester and the gold electrode; a plurality of phage virus particles covalently bound to the self-assembled monolayer; and at least one processor operatively coupled to the impedance analyzer for comparing the change in the measured resistive impedance ΔZ Re with one or more pre-set values, the at least one processor configured for outputting a signal indicative of analyte detection based at least in part on the comparison.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
18 words
The system of claim 9 , wherein the electrically conductive gold electrode is disposed in a flow cell.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
31 words
The system of claim 9 , wherein the at least one processor is configured for outputting a signal indicative of the analyte concentration based at least in part on the comparison.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
17 words
The system of claim 9 , wherein the electrically conductive gold electrode comprises an array of electrodes.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
17 words
The system of claim 9 , wherein the electrically conductive gold electrode is disposed in a probe.
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USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 2019-04-19 | 2019-10-19 | 2020-04-19 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 2023-04-19 | 2023-10-19 | 2024-04-19 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 2027-04-19 | 2027-10-19 | 2028-04-19 | $7700.00 | Pending Window |