US7007166B1 — Method and system for digital watermarking

Claim 1

Independent Claim 152 words

A method of applying a digital watermark to a content signal with a plurality of functions, including the input of at least a random key and a digital watermark, the method comprising the steps of: (1) providing a random key generated by the following steps: (a) generating a random sequence of binary numbers; (b) generating information describing the application of the random sequence to the content signal, wherein the information comprises a sample window size, a signal encoding level, and at least one of the following two groups: time delimiters describing segments of the content signal; frequency delimiters describing frequency bands of the content signal; and (c) combining the random sequence and the generated information to form a random key; (2) providing a digital watermark to be embedded; and (3) embedding the digital watermark using at least the random key and the plurality of functions to produce a uniquely watermarked content signal.

Claim 2

Independent Claim 152 words

A method of applying a digital watermark to a content signal with a plurality of functions, including the input of at least a random key and a digital watermark, the method comprising the steps of: (1) providing a random key generated by the following steps: (a) generating a random sequence of binary numbers; (b) generating information describing the application of the random sequence to the content signal, wherein the information comprises a sample window size, a signal encoding level, and at least one of the following two groups: time delimiters describing segments of the content signal; frequency delimiters describing frequency bands of the content signal; and (c) combining the random sequence and the generated information to form a random key; (2) providing a digital watermark to be embedded; and (3) embedding the digital watermark using at least the random key and the plurality of functions to produce a uniquely watermarked content signal.

Claim 3

Dependent Claim 69 words

The method of claim 1 , wherein the step of generating information comprises: using human interactive input to generate information describing the application of the random sequence to the content signal, wherein the information comprises a sample window size, a signal encoding level, and at least one of the following two groups: time delimiters describing segments of the content signal; frequency delimiters describing frequency bands of the content signal.

Claim 4

Dependent Claim 95 words

The method of claim 1 , wherein the step of generating information comprises: creating at least one graphical representation of the content stream in at least one of the time domain and the frequency domain; and using the at least one graphical representation to generate information describing the application of the random sequence to the content signal, wherein the information comprises a sample window size, a signal encoding level, and at least one of the following two groups: time delimiters describing segments of the content signal; frequency delimiters describing frequency bands of the content signal.

Claim 5

Dependent Claim 33 words

The method of claim 3 , wherein the step of creating at least one graphical representation comprises creating graphical representations of the content stream in both the time domain and the frequency domain.

Claim 6

Dependent Claim 103 words

The method of claim 4 , wherein the step using the at least one graphical representation to generate information comprises: using the at least one graphical representation to provide human interactive input to generate information describing the application of the random sequence to the content signal, wherein the information comprises a sample window size, a signal encoding level, and at least one of the following two groups: time delimiters describing segments of the content signal; frequency delimiters describing frequency bands of the content signal; and, wherein the method of claim 3 further comprises: updating the graphical representations to reflect the human interactive input.

Claim 7

Dependent Claim 94 words

The method of claim 1 , wherein the step of generating information comprises: providing at least two sample streams of the content signal for selection; selecting one of said at least two sample streams of the content signal; generating information describing the application of the random sequence to the selected sample stream of the content signal, wherein the information comprises a sample window size, a signal encoding level, and at least one of the following two groups: time delimiters describing segments of the content signal; frequency delimiters describing frequency bands of the content signal.

Claim 8

Dependent Claim 23 words

The method of claim 1 , wherein the step of generating a random sequence comprises: generating a pseudo random sequence of binary numbers.

Claim 9

Dependent Claim 91 words

The method of claim 1 , wherein the step of generating the random sequence comprises: (a) collecting an initial series of random or pseudo random bits; (b) processing the initial series of random or pseudo random bits through a se cure one-way hash function; (c) using the results of the one-way hash function to seed a block encryption cipher loop; (d) cycling through the block encryption cipher loop and extracting the least significant bit of each result; and (e) concatenating the extracted least significant bits to form a random key sequence.

Claim 10

Dependent Claim 31 words

The method of claim 8 , wherein the step of collecting an initial series of random or pseudo random bits comprises: collecting an initial series of bits through human interactive input.

Claim 11

Dependent Claim 73 words

The method of claim 1 , wherein the step of generating information comprises: processing the content signal to determine a signal encoding level, to identify time delimiters describing segments of the content signal and to identify frequency delimiters describing frequency bands of the content signal; generating information describing the application of the random sequence to the content signal using the predetermined signal encoding level, the pre-identified time delimiters and the pre-identified frequency delimiters.

Claim 12

Dependent Claim 61 words

The method of claim 10 , wherein the step of processing the content signal is accomplished using mathematical calculations based on signal properties of the content signal, said mathematical calculations being selected from the group consisting of: an autocorrelation functions; root mean squared energy calculations; mean squared difference in samples calculations; measurable distortion calculations; spectral energy characteristics; and a combination thereof.

Claim 13

Dependent Claim 67 words

The method of claim 1 , wherein the step of generating information comprises: generating information describing the application of the random sequence to the content signal, wherein the information comprises a sample window size, a signal encoding level, channel utilization information, and at least one of the following two groups: time delimiters describing segments of the content signal; frequency delimiters describing frequency bands of the content, signal.

Claim 14

Dependent Claim 125 words

The method of claim 1 , wherein the step of generating a random sequence of binary numbers comprises generating a plurality of sequences of binary numbers, and wherein the step of generating information comprises: processing the content signal to divide the content signal into a plurality of channels; processing each of the plurality of channels to determine a signal encoding level, to identify time delimiters describing segments of the content signal, to identify frequency delimiters describing frequency bands of the content signal; and generating information describing the application of one of the plurality of sequences to each of the plurality of channels using the predetermined signal encoding level, the pre-identified time delimiters and the pre-identified frequency delimiters for each one of said plurality of channels.

Claim 15

Dependent Claim 15 words

The method of claim 1 , further comprising: storing the random key in a database.

Claim 16

Dependent Claim 37 words

The method of claim 1 , further comprising: concatenating the random sequence of binary numbers together with the generated information into a string; and encrypting the concatenated string; and storing the encrypted, concatenated string in a database.

Claim 17

Dependent Claim 22 words

The method of claim 1 , further comprising: using the generated information to embed a plurality of watermarks into the content signal.

Claim 18

Dependent Claim 59 words

The method of claim 16 , further comprising: generating a watermark information signal comprising watermark synchronization information to help locate a watermark in the content signal and information to help assess the validity of said watermark; placing the watermark information signal within the content signal so as to not interfere with any digital watermarks embedded in the content signal.

Claim 19

Dependent Claim 85 words

The method of claim 1 , further comprising: creating a watermark comprising: a title identification; a unit measure; a unit price; a percentage transfer threshold at which liability is incurred to a purchaser; a percent of content transferred; an authorized purchaser identification; a seller account identification; a payment means identification; a sender's digitally signed information indicating percent of content transferred; and a receiver s digitally signed information indicating percent of content received; and using the generated information to embed the watermark into the content signal.

Claim 20

Independent Claim 138 words

A method of embedding a digital watermark into a content signal with a plurality of functions, including the input of at least a random key and a digital watermark, the method comprising the steps of: (1) providing a random key generated by the following steps: (a) generating a random or pseudo-random sequence of binary numbers; (b) associating with the random or pseudo random sequence, one or more references to encoding functions for encoding at least one watermark into a content signal; and (c) combining the random or pseudo random sequence and the associated references to encoding functions to form a random key; (2) providing at least one watermark to be embedded into a content signal; and (3) embedding the digital watermark using at least the random key and the plurality of functions to produce a unique content signal.

Claim 21

Independent Claim 138 words

A method of embedding a digital watermark into a content signal with a plurality of functions, including the input of at least a random key and a digital watermark, the method comprising the steps of: (1) providing a random key generated by the following steps: (a) generating a random or pseudo-random sequence of binary numbers; (b) associating with the random or pseudo random sequence, one or more references to encoding functions for encoding at least one watermark into a content signal; and (c) combining the random or pseudo random sequence and the associated references to encoding functions to form a random key; (2) providing at least one watermark to be embedded into a content signal; and (3) embedding the digital watermark using at least the random key and the plurality of functions to produce a unique content signal.

Claim 22

Dependent Claim 50 words

The method of claim 19 , wherein said one or more references is selected from the group consisting of: integer indices that reference chunks of computer code; alphanumeric strings which name software modules or code resources; and memory addresses of memory locations wherein software programs reside in a computer memory.

Claim 23

Dependent Claim 31 words

The method of claim 20 , wherein said one or more references comprise alphanumeric strings which identify software modules that can be used to embed a watermark into a content signal.

Claim 24

Dependent Claim 131 words

The method of claim 19 , wherein said one or more references is selected from the group consisting of: a encode/decode algorithm which is capable of encoding and decoding bits of information directly to and from the content signal, a function which relates the sequence of binary numbers to the content signal; a function which assesses the frequency content of the content signal before embedding the at least one watermark; a function which is capable of encrypting and decrypting information contained in the at least one watermark, and a function which embeds into the content signal an informational signal which comprises information about the at least one watermark such that the informational signal may be used to correct any errors that may have been introduced into the at least one watermark.

Claim 25

Dependent Claim 55 words

The method of claim 19 , further comprising: generating a second random or pseudo-random sequence of binary numbers; associating with the second sequence, one or more references to decoding functions for decoding at least one watermark into a content signal; and extracting at least one watermark from a content signal using the referenced decoding functions.

Claim 26

Dependent Claim 32 words

The method of claim 21 , wherein said one or more decoding references comprise alphanumeric strings which identify software modules that can be used to extract a watermark from a content signal.

Claim 27

Dependent Claim 15 words

The method of claim 19 , further comprising: storing the random key in a database.

Claim 28

Dependent Claim 37 words

The method of claim 19 , further comprising: concatenating the random sequence of binary numbers together with the generated information into a string; and encrypting the concatenated string; and storing the encrypted, concatenated string in a database.

Claim 29

Dependent Claim 67 words

The method of claim 19 , wherein the content signal is selected from the group consisting of: an audio signal; a video signal; and a still image, and the step of associating comprises: associating with the random or pseudo random sequence, one or more references to encoding functions specifically designed for encoding at least one watermark into an audio signal, a video signal or a still image.

Claim 30

Dependent Claim 34 words

The method of claim 19 , wherein the embedding step comprises: embedding at least one watermark into a content signal using the referenced encoding functions, said at least one watermark comprises distribution restriction information.

Claim 31

Dependent Claim 51 words

The method of claim 28 , wherein the distribution restriction information comprises one or more of the following: a geographical constraint on distribution; a logical constraint on distribution; a Universal Resource Locator (URL); a telephone number; an Internet Protocol address; an Internet domain name; an e-mail address; and a file name.

Claim 32

Dependent Claim 22 words

The method of claim 19 , further comprising: interleaving information about each of said at least one watermarks into the content signal.

Claim 33

Dependent Claim 29 words

The method of claim 30 wherein the interleaving is accomplished by placing information about each of said plurality of digital watermarks into specific frequency bands of the content signal.

Claim 34

Independent Claim 165 words

A method of embedding a plurality of digital watermarks into a content signal with a plurality of functions, including the input of at least a random key and a digital watermark, the method comprising the steps of: (1) providing a random key generated by the following steps: (a) generating a random or pseudo-random sequence of binary numbers for each of the plurality of digital watermarks to be embedded; (b) associating each of the random or pseudo random sequences with one or more references to encoding functions for encoding watermarks into a content signal, and with each of the plurality of digital watermarks to be embedded; (c) combining the random or pseudo-random sequence with said at least one or more references to encoding functions to form a random key; and (2) providing each of the plurality of digital watermarks to be embedded; and (3) embedding each of the plurality of digital watermarks into the content signal using the random key associated with the respective digital watermark.

Claim 35

Independent Claim 165 words

A method of embedding a plurality of digital watermarks into a content signal with a plurality of functions, including the input of at least a random key and a digital watermark, the method comprising the steps of: (1) providing a random key generated by the following steps: (a) generating a random or pseudo-random sequence of binary numbers for each of the plurality of digital watermarks to be embedded; (b) associating each of the random or pseudo random sequences with one or more references to encoding functions for encoding watermarks into a content signal, and with each of the plurality of digital watermarks to be embedded; (c) combining the random or pseudo-random sequence with said at least one or more references to encoding functions to form a random key; and (2) providing each of the plurality of digital watermarks to be embedded; and (3) embedding each of the plurality of digital watermarks into the content signal using the random key associated with the respective digital watermark.

Claim 36

Dependent Claim 22 words

The method of claim 32 , further comprising: interleaving information about each of said plurality of digital watermarks into the content signal.

Claim 37

Dependent Claim 22 words

The method of claim 33 wherein the interleaving is accomplished using functions which operate on the content signal in the time domain.

Claim 38

Dependent Claim 22 words

The method of claim 33 wherein the interleaving is accomplished using functions which operate on the content signal in the frequency domain.

Claim 39

Dependent Claim 29 words

The method of claim 35 wherein the interleaving is accomplished by placing information about each of said plurality of digital watermarks into specific frequency bands of the content signal.

Claim 40

Dependent Claim 22 words

The method of claim 32 further comprising: generating a decode key for each of the plurality of digital watermarks that was embedded.

Claim 41

Dependent Claim 119 words

A digital watermarking system for encoding digital watermarks into a content signal, the system comprising: an input device for receiving the content signal; a watermark generator to generate at least one watermark to be embedded into the content signal; a random key generator to generate at least one random key; a function generator which is capable of generating a plurality of encoding functions; an association device to associate one of said at least one random key with at least one of said plurality of encoding functions and with a watermark generated by the watermark generator; and an encoding device to encode a watermark generated by the watermark generator into the content signal using the functions associated with said watermark.

Claim 42

Dependent Claim 119 words

A digital watermarking system for encoding digital watermarks into a content signal, the system comprising: an input device for receiving the content signal; a watermark generator to generate at least one watermark to be embedded into the content signal; a random key generator to generate at least one random key; a function generator which is capable of generating a plurality of encoding functions; an association device to associate one of said at least one random key with at least one of said plurality of encoding functions and with a watermark generated by the watermark generator; and an encoding device to encode a watermark generated by the watermark generator into the content signal using the functions associated with said watermark.

Claim 43

Dependent Claim 39 words

The digital watermarking system of claim 38 , further comprising: a storage device for storing each random key that is associated with at least one encoding function and with a watermark, which association is made by the association device.

Claim 44

Dependent Claim 40 words

The digital watermarking system of claim 39 wherein the storage device comprises a database for storing each random key that is associated with at least one encoding function and with a watermark, which association is made by the association device.

Claim 45

Dependent Claim 25 words

The digital watermarking system of claim 38 , further comprising: a decoding device to decode a watermark that has been embedded into the content signal.

Claim 46

Dependent Claim 41 words

The digital watermarking system of claim 38 , wherein the function generator comprises: a preprocessor for preprocessing the content signal; and a function generator which is capable of generating a plurality of encoding functions based upon input received from the preprocessor.

Claim 47

Dependent Claim 53 words

The digital watermarking system of claim 42 , wherein the preprocessor includes means to select a sample window size for the content signal, a signal encoding level, and at least one of the following two groups: time delimiters describing segments of the content signal; frequency delimiters describing frequency bands of the content signal.

Claim 48

Dependent Claim 56 words

The digital watermarking system of claim 38 , wherein the association device comprises: a concatenator to concatenate the random key together with at least one of said plurality of encoding functions into an concatenated string; an encrypting device to encrypt the concatenated string; and a storage device for storing the encrypted, concatenated string in a database.

Claim 49

Dependent Claim 25 words

The digital watermarking system of claim 38 , wherein the association device comprises: means to place information, about an embedded watermark into the content signal.

Claim 50

Dependent Claim 26 words

The digital watermarking system of claim 38 , wherein the association device places information about an embedded watermark into the content signal at a predetermined frequency.

Claim 51

Dependent Claim 61 words

The digital watermarking system of claim 38 , wherein the function generator comprises: a processor for processing the content signal; a display device for displaying information about the processed content signal; an interface for receiving input from a human operator; and a function generator which is capable of generating a plurality of encoding functions based upon input received from the interface.

Claim 52

Dependent Claim 57 words

The digital watermarking system of claim 42 , wherein the interface includes means for the human operator to select a sample window size for the content signal, a signal encoding level, and at least one of the following two groups: time delimiters describing segments of the content signal; frequency delimiters describing frequency bands of the content signal.

Claim 53

Dependent Claim 121 words

A digital watermarking system for encoding digital watermarks into a content signal, the system comprising: an input device for receiving the content signal; a watermark generator to generate at least one watermark to be embedded into the content signal; a random number generator to generate at least one sequence of random binary numbers; a function generator which is capable of generating a plurality of encoding functions; a watermarking key generator which generates a watermarking key using a sequence of random binary numbers generated by the random number generator and using input from the function generator; an encoding device to encode a watermark generated by the watermark generator into the content signal using a watermarking key generated by the watermarking key generator.

Claim 54

Dependent Claim 121 words

A digital watermarking system for encoding digital watermarks into a content signal, the system comprising: an input device for receiving the content signal; a watermark generator to generate at least one watermark to be embedded into the content signal; a random number generator to generate at least one sequence of random binary numbers; a function generator which is capable of generating a plurality of encoding functions; a watermarking key generator which generates a watermarking key using a sequence of random binary numbers generated by the random number generator and using input from the function generator; an encoding device to encode a watermark generated by the watermark generator into the content signal using a watermarking key generated by the watermarking key generator.

Claim 55

Dependent Claim 61 words

The digital watermarking system of claim 49 , wherein the function generator comprises: a processor for processing the content signal; a display device for displaying information about the processed content signal; an interface for receiving input from a human operator; and a function generator which is capable of generating a plurality of encoding functions based upon input received from the interface.

Claim 56

Dependent Claim 57 words

The digital watermarking system of claim 50 , wherein the interface includes means for the human operator to select a sample window size for the content signal, a signal encoding level, and at least one of the following two groups: time delimiters describing segments of the content signal; frequency delimiters describing frequency bands of the content signal.

Claim 57

Dependent Claim 113 words

The digital watermarking system of claim 49 , wherein the function generator comprises a processor for processing the content signal; a display device for displaying at least two sample streams of the content signal for selection; an interface for wherein a human operator may select one of said at least two sample streams of the content signal, may specify sample window size, signal encoding level, may specify at least one of the following two groups: time delimiters describing segments of the content signal; frequency delimiters describing frequency bands of the content signal; and a function generator which is capable of generating a plurality of encoding functions based upon input received from the interface.

Claim 58

Dependent Claim 24 words

The digital watermarking system of claim 52 , wherein the interface includes means to update the display device to reflect the human interactive input.

Claim 59

Dependent Claim 23 words

The digital watermarking system of claim 49 , wherein further comprising: means to place information about an embedded watermark into the content signal.

Claim 60

Dependent Claim 31 words

The digital watermarking system of claim 54 , wherein the means to place information comprises: means to place information about an embedded watermark into a predetermined location within the content signal.

Claim 61

Dependent Claim 25 words

The digital watermarking system of claim 53 , further comprising: a decoding device to decode a watermark that has been embedded into the content signal.

Claim 62

Dependent Claim 36 words

The digital watermarking system of claim 54 , further comprising: a decoding device to that can access the information about an embedded watermark that has been placed within the content signal to authenticate the embedded watermark.

Claim 63

Dependent Claim 82 words

A digital watermarking system for encoding and decoding at least one digital watermark within a content signal, the system comprising: a digital watermark encoder; and a digital watermark decoder; said digital watermark encoder and said digital watermark decoder being configured to respectively encode and decode at least one digital watermark using (1) a watermarking key that encodes a watermark into a content signal using a random or pseudo-random binary sequence and (2) an encode and decode pair associated with the watermarking key.

Claim 64

Dependent Claim 82 words

A digital watermarking system for encoding and decoding at least one digital watermark within a content signal, the system comprising: a digital watermark encoder; and a digital watermark decoder; said digital watermark encoder and said digital watermark decoder being configured to respectively encode and decode at least one digital watermark using (1) a watermarking key that encodes a watermark into a content signal using a random or pseudo-random binary sequence and (2) an encode and decode pair associated with the watermarking key.

Claim 65

Dependent Claim 37 words

The digital watermarking system of claim 58 , wherein said digital watermark encoder comprises a first software program, and said digital watermark decoder comprises a second software program, said first program being independent of said second program.

Claim 66

Dependent Claim 39 words

The digital watermarking system of claim 58 , wherein said digital watermark encoder comprises a first hardware device and said digital watermark decoder comprises a second hardware device, said first hardware device being separate from said second hardware device.

Claim 67

Dependent Claim 81 words

The digital watermarking system of claim 58 wherein the digital watermarking encoder is capable of encoding a digital watermark using a watermarking key comprising a random sequence of binary numbers and information describing the application of the random sequence to the content signal, wherein the information comprises a sample window size, a signal encoding level, and at least one of the following two groups: time delimiters describing segments of the content signal; frequency delimiters describing frequency bands of the content signal.

Claim 68

Dependent Claim 31 words

The digital watermarking system of claim 58 , wherein the digital watermark decoder comprises a software decoding key for detecting each digital watermarks that has been encoded within a content signal.

Claim 69

Dependent Claim 39 words

The digital watermarking system of claim 58 , wherein the digital watermark decoder comprises software embedded in hardware that is programmed to automatically search for any watermarks in any data that is stored within a memory of the hardware.

Claim 70

Dependent Claim 35 words

The digital watermarking system of claim 63 , wherein the digital watermark decoder comprises a compact disk player that is programmed to automatically search for any watermarks that might be embedded into a compact disk.

Claim 71

Dependent Claim 34 words

The digital watermarking system of claim 63 , wherein the digital watermark decoder comprises a virus scanner that automatically searches for any watermarks that might be embedded into the data being scanned for viruses.

Annuity Stage	Window Opens	Payment Deadline	Surcharge Period Until	Estimated Fee	Status
3.5 Years (Year 4)	2009-02-27	2009-08-29	2010-02-28	$2000.00	Window Closed / Lapsed
7.5 Years (Year 8)	2013-02-27	2013-08-29	2014-02-28	$3760.00	Window Closed / Lapsed
11.5 Years (Year 12)	2017-02-27	2017-08-29	2018-02-28	$7700.00	Window Closed / Lapsed

Method and system for digital watermarking

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