US6358643B1
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US
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Liquid electrolyte lithium-sulfur batteries
Assignee: Polyplus Battery Co Inc
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Filing: 2000-02-01
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Granted: 2002-03-19
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Expires: 2020-02-01
Abstract
Abstract A high performance lithium-sulfur battery cell includes the following features: (a) a negative electrode including a metal or an ion of the metal; (b) a positive electrode comprising an electronically conductive material; and (c) a liquid catholyte including a solvent and dissolve electrochemically active material comprising sulfur in the form of at least one of a sulfide of the metal and a polysulfide of the metal. Such battery cells are characterized by an energy density, calculated based upon a laminate weight, of at least about 400 Watt-hours/kilogram when discharged at a rate of at least 0.1 mA/cm 2 . Cells meeting these criteria often find use as primary cells.
Inventors
- 👤 Bruce D. Katz
- 👤 May-Ying Chu
- 👤 Lutgard C. DeJonghe
- 👤 Steven J. Visco
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-27 18:23
CPC Classifications
H; H01; H01M; H01M6/00; H01M6/14; H01M6/16; H01M6/162; H01M6/166; H01M6/04; C; C07; C07C; C07C227/00; C07C227/30; C07C227/32; H01M10/00; H01M10/05; H01M10/052; H01M10/054; H01M10/056; H01M10/0564; H01M10/0565; H01M10/0566; H01M10/0568; H01M10/0569; H01M10/36; H01M4/00; H01M4/02; H01M4/04; H01M4/0402; H01M4/0404; H01M4/0409; H01M4/0414; H01M4/0416; H01M4/0419; H01M4/043; H01M4/0433; H01M4/13; H01M4/36; H01M4/38; H01M4/381; H01M4/382; H01M4/58; H01M4/581; H01M4/5815; H01M4/62; H01M4/624; H01M4/626; H01M6/164; H01M10/39; H01M10/3909; H01M10/42; H01M10/44; H01M2004/026; H01M2004/028; H01M2300/00; H01M2300/0017; H01M2300/0025; H01M2300/0028; H01M2300/0037; H01M2300/0065; H01M2300/0085; H01M4/60; H01M4/621; H01M4/625; H01M50/00; H01M50/40; H01M50/46; H01M6/168; H01M6/18; H01M6/181; H01M6/188; H01M6/40; Y; Y02; Y02E; Y02E60/00; Y02E60/10
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 28
Claim 1
Independent Claim
94 words
A battery cell comprising: a) a negative electrode including a metal or an ion of the metal; b) a positive electrode comprising an electronically conductive material; and c) a liquid catholyte including a solvent and dissolved electrochemically active material comprising sulfur in the form of at least one of a sulfide of the metal and a polysulfide of the metal, wherein the battery cell is characterized by an energy density, calculated based upon a laminate weight, of at least about 400 Watt-hours/kilogram when discharged at a rate of at least 0.1 mA/cm 2 .
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
94 words
A battery cell comprising: a) a negative electrode including a metal or an ion of the metal; b) a positive electrode comprising an electronically conductive material; and c) a liquid catholyte including a solvent and dissolved electrochemically active material comprising sulfur in the form of at least one of a sulfide of the metal and a polysulfide of the metal, wherein the battery cell is characterized by an energy density, calculated based upon a laminate weight, of at least about 400 Watt-hours/kilogram when discharged at a rate of at least 0.1 mA/cm 2 .
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
16 words
The battery cell of claim 1 , wherein the battery cell is a primary battery cell.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
21 words
The battery cell of claim 1 , wherein the liquid catholyte has a sulfur concentration of at least about 5 M.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
21 words
The battery cell of claim 1 , wherein the liquid catholyte has a sulfur concentration of at least about 7 M.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
21 words
The battery cell of claim 1 , wherein the liquid catholyte has a sulfur concentration of at least about 10 M.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
20 words
The battery cell of claim 1 , wherein the battery cell attains at least about 10% utilization at room temperature.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
20 words
The battery cell of claim 1 , wherein the battery cell attains at least about 20% utilization at room temperature.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
24 words
The battery cell of claim 1 , wherein the positive electrode comprises a layer having an average thickness of at least about 40 micrometers.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
13 words
The battery cell of claim 1 , wherein the solvent comprises an ether.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
12 words
The battery cell of claim 9 , wherein the ether is dimethoxyethane.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
13 words
The battery cell of claim 9 , wherein the solvent further comprises dioxolane.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
13 words
The battery cell of claim 1 , wherein the solvent further comprises dioxolane.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
23 words
The battery cell of claim 1 , wherein the electronically conductive material comprises at least one of carbon and an electronically conductive polymer.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
16 words
The battery cell of claim 1 , wherein the electronically conductive material comprises an interconnected matrix.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
16 words
The battery cell of claim 1 , wherein the negative electrode is an alkali metal electrode.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
16 words
The battery cell of claim 15 , wherein the negative electrode is a lithium metal electrode.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
32 words
The battery cell of claim 1 , wherein the negative electrode includes a protective layer that is conductive to ions of the metal and protects the electrode from attack by the electrolyte.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
133 words
A rechargeable battery cell comprising: a) a negative electrode including a metal or an ion of the metal; b) a positive electrode comprising an electronically conductive material; and c) a liquid catholyte including a solvent and dissolved electrochemically active material comprising sulfur in the form of at least one of a sulfide of the metal and a polysulfide of the metal, wherein the rechargeable battery cell is characterized by at least one of the following criteria: i) the battery cell attains at least about 10% utilization over at least fifty cycles at an average current density of at least about 0.5 mA/cm 2 , and ii) the battery cell attains at least about 50% utilization over two or more cycles at an average current density of at least about 0.5 mA/cm 2 .
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
133 words
A rechargeable battery cell comprising: a) a negative electrode including a metal or an ion of the metal; b) a positive electrode comprising an electronically conductive material; and c) a liquid catholyte including a solvent and dissolved electrochemically active material comprising sulfur in the form of at least one of a sulfide of the metal and a polysulfide of the metal, wherein the rechargeable battery cell is characterized by at least one of the following criteria: i) the battery cell attains at least about 10% utilization over at least fifty cycles at an average current density of at least about 0.5 mA/cm 2 , and ii) the battery cell attains at least about 50% utilization over two or more cycles at an average current density of at least about 0.5 mA/cm 2 .
Claim 21
Dependent Claim
22 words
The battery cell of claim 18 , wherein the battery cell attains at least about 30% utilization over at least fifty cycles.
Claim 22
Dependent Claim
22 words
The battery cell of claim 18 , wherein the battery cell attains at least about 50% utilization over at least 10 cycles.
Claim 23
Dependent Claim
22 words
The battery cell of claim 18 , wherein the battery cell attains at least about 50% utilization over at least 75 cycles.
Claim 24
Dependent Claim
22 words
The battery cell of claim 18 , wherein the metal and a negative electrode is at least one of sodium and lithium.
Claim 25
Dependent Claim
16 words
The battery cell of claim 18 , wherein the negative electrode is a lithium intercalation electrode.
Claim 26
Dependent Claim
26 words
The battery cell of claim 18 , wherein the electronic conductor of the positive electrode is at least one of carbon and an electronically conductive polymer.
Claim 27
Dependent Claim
15 words
The battery cell of claim 18 , wherein the liquid electrolyte solvent includes an ether.
Claim 28
Dependent Claim
16 words
The battery cell of claim 18 , wherein the electronically conductive material comprises an interconnected matrix.
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USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 2005-03-18 | 2005-09-17 | 2006-03-19 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 2009-03-18 | 2009-09-17 | 2010-03-19 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 2013-03-18 | 2013-09-17 | 2014-03-19 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |