US6177250B1
Expired / Lapsed
US
⏱️ 0.0 years remaining
Nucleic acid mediated electron transfer
Assignee: California Institute of Technology
•
Filing: 1999-05-07
•
Granted: 2001-01-23
•
Expires: 2019-05-07
Abstract
Abstract The present invention provides for the selective covalent modification of nucleic acids with redox active moieties such as transition metal complexes. Electron donor and electron acceptor moieties are covalently bound to the ribose-phosphate backbone of a nucleic acid at predetermined positions. The resulting complexes represent a series of new derivatives that are bimolecular templates capable of transferring electrons over very large distances at extremely fast rates. These complexes possess unique structural features which enable the use of an entirely new class of bioconductors and photoactive probes.
Inventors
- 👤 Thomas J. Meade
- 👤 Jon Faiz Kayyem
- 👤 Scott E. Fraser
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-11-07 18:09
CPC Classifications
C; C12; C12Q; C12Q1/00; C12Q1/68; C12Q1/6813; C12Q1/6816; C12Q1/6818; B; B82; B82Y; B82Y30/00; C07; C07H; C07H21/00; C07H23/00; C12Q1/6825
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 26
Claim 1
Independent Claim
33 words
A composition comprising: a) a single stranded nucleic acid comprising at least one covalently attached electron donor moiety and at least one covalently attached electron acceptor moiety; and b) an electron transfer mediator.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
33 words
A composition comprising: a) a single stranded nucleic acid comprising at least one covalently attached electron donor moiety and at least one covalently attached electron acceptor moiety; and b) an electron transfer mediator.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
56 words
A composition comprising: a) a single stranded nucleic acid comprising at least one electron donor moiety and at least one electron acceptor moiety, wherein at least one of said electron donor moiety and said electron acceptor moiety is an electrode and the other is a covalently attached electron transfer moiety; and b) an electron transfer mediator.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
56 words
A composition comprising: a) a single stranded nucleic acid comprising at least one electron donor moiety and at least one electron acceptor moiety, wherein at least one of said electron donor moiety and said electron acceptor moiety is an electrode and the other is a covalently attached electron transfer moiety; and b) an electron transfer mediator.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
60 words
A composition comprising: a) a first nucleic acid comprising at least one electron donor moiety; b) a second nucleic acid containing at least one electron acceptor moiety; wherein at least one of said electron donor moiety and said electron acceptor moiety is an electrode and the other is a covalently attached electron transfer moiety; and c) an electron transfer mediator.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
60 words
A composition comprising: a) a first nucleic acid comprising at least one electron donor moiety; b) a second nucleic acid containing at least one electron acceptor moiety; wherein at least one of said electron donor moiety and said electron acceptor moiety is an electrode and the other is a covalently attached electron transfer moiety; and c) an electron transfer mediator.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
37 words
A composition comprising: a) a first nucleic acid comprising at least one covalently attached electron donor moiety; b) a second nucleic acid containing at least one covalently attached electron acceptor moiety; and c) an electron transfer mediator.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
37 words
A composition comprising: a) a first nucleic acid comprising at least one covalently attached electron donor moiety; b) a second nucleic acid containing at least one covalently attached electron acceptor moiety; and c) an electron transfer mediator.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
21 words
A composition according to claim 1 , 2 , 3 or 4 wherein said electron transport mediator is free in solution.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
22 words
A composition according to claim 1 , 2 , 3 or 4 wherein said electron transport mediator is embedded in a gel.
Claim 11
Independent Claim
100 words
A method for detecting the presence of a sequence in a nucleic acid sample, said method comprising: a) applying an input signal to said sample, wherein said sample comprises: i) an electron transfer mediator; and ii) a hybridization complex comprising: 1) a first single stranded nucleic acid; 2) a target sequence; wherein said hybridization complex comprises at least one covalently attached electron donor moiety and at least one covalently attached electron acceptor moiety; and b) detecting electron transfer between said electron donor moiety and said electron acceptor moiety as an indication of the presence or absence of said target sequence.
Claim 12
Independent Claim
100 words
A method for detecting the presence of a sequence in a nucleic acid sample, said method comprising: a) applying an input signal to said sample, wherein said sample comprises: i) an electron transfer mediator; and ii) a hybridization complex comprising: 1) a first single stranded nucleic acid; 2) a target sequence; wherein said hybridization complex comprises at least one covalently attached electron donor moiety and at least one covalently attached electron acceptor moiety; and b) detecting electron transfer between said electron donor moiety and said electron acceptor moiety as an indication of the presence or absence of said target sequence.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
21 words
A method according to claim 7 wherein at least one of said electron acceptor and electron donor moieties is an electrode.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
23 words
A method according to claim 8 wherein at least one of said electron acceptor and electron donor moieties is a transition metal complex.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
27 words
A method according to claim 9 wherein said transition metal complex comprises a metal selected from the group consisting of ruthenium, rhenium, osmium, platinum, copper and iron.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
24 words
A method according to claim 8 wherein at least one of said electron acceptor and electron donor moieties is an organic electron transfer moiety.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
25 words
A method according to claim 7 wherein said first nucleic acid comprises a covalently attached electron donor moiety and a covalently attached electron acceptor moiety.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
29 words
A method according to claim 7 wherein said first nucleic acid comprises a covalently attached electron donor moiety and said target sequence comprises a covalently attached electron acceptor moiety.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
15 words
A method according to claim 7 wherein said input signal comprises an AC input signal.
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
18 words
A method according to claim 14 wherein said AC input signal is applied at a plurality of frequencies.
Claim 21
Dependent Claim
26 words
A method according to claim 14 wherein said detecting is done by detecting an output signal characteristic of electron transfer between said moiety and said electrode.
Claim 22
Dependent Claim
13 words
A method according to claim 16 wherein said output signal is a current.
Claim 23
Independent Claim
93 words
A method for detecting the presence of a sequence in a nucleic acid sample, said method comprising: a) applying an AC input signal to said sample, wherein said sample comprises: i) an electron transfer mediator; and ii) a hybridization complex comprising: 1) a first single stranded nucleic acid; 2) a target sequence; wherein said hybridization complex comprises at least one covalently attached electron transfer moiety and an electrode; and b) detecting electron transfer between said electron transfer moiety and said electrode as an indication of the presence or absence of said target sequence.
Claim 24
Independent Claim
93 words
A method for detecting the presence of a sequence in a nucleic acid sample, said method comprising: a) applying an AC input signal to said sample, wherein said sample comprises: i) an electron transfer mediator; and ii) a hybridization complex comprising: 1) a first single stranded nucleic acid; 2) a target sequence; wherein said hybridization complex comprises at least one covalently attached electron transfer moiety and an electrode; and b) detecting electron transfer between said electron transfer moiety and said electrode as an indication of the presence or absence of said target sequence.
Claim 25
Independent Claim
68 words
A method for detecting the presence of a nucleic acid with a covalently attached electron transfer moiety in a sample, said method comprising: a) applying an AC input signal to said sample, wherein said sample comprises: i) an electron transfer mediator; ii) an electrode; and ii) said nucleic acid with a covalently attached electron transfer moiety; b) detecting electron transfer between said electron donor moiety and said electrode.
Claim 26
Independent Claim
68 words
A method for detecting the presence of a nucleic acid with a covalently attached electron transfer moiety in a sample, said method comprising: a) applying an AC input signal to said sample, wherein said sample comprises: i) an electron transfer mediator; ii) an electrode; and ii) said nucleic acid with a covalently attached electron transfer moiety; b) detecting electron transfer between said electron donor moiety and said electrode.
References Cited (Backward Citations)
US5328824A
Cited
US5476928A
Cited
EP0063879A2
Cited
US4711955A
Cited
US5449767A
Cited
US5241060A
Cited
US4994373A
Cited
US4840893A
Cited
US4849513A
Cited
US5013831A
Cited
US4707440A
Cited
US4707352A
Cited
US4943523A
Cited
US4952685A
Cited
US5175269A
Cited
US5002885A
Cited
US4894325A
Cited
US4755458A
Cited
US5595908A
Cited
EP0229943B1
Cited
US4868103A
Cited
EP0234938A2
Cited
JPS63238168A
Cited
US5082830A
Cited
WO1990005732A1
Cited
US5278043A
Cited
WO1992010757A1
Cited
EP0515615A1
Cited
WO1993010267A1
Cited
US5565552A
Cited
CA2090904A1
Cited
US5573906A
Cited
WO1993022678A2
Cited
WO1993023425A1
Cited
JPH0641183A
Cited
US5312527A
Cited
US5472881A
Cited
EP0599337A2
Cited
US5705346A
Cited
US5403451A
Cited
US5770369A
Cited
WO1995015971A2
Cited
US5591578A
Cited
US5952172A
Cited
US5824473A
Cited
US5780234A
Cited
US5705348A
Cited
US5591579A
Cited
US5620850A
Cited
US5601982A
Cited
WO1997044651A1
Cited
WO1998035232A2
Cited
USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 2004-01-23 | 2004-07-24 | 2005-01-23 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 2008-01-23 | 2008-07-24 | 2009-01-23 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 2012-01-23 | 2012-07-24 | 2013-01-23 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |