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US6151565A
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Decision support system, method and article of manufacture
Assignee: TECHNOLOGY EVALUATION CENTERS Inc
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Filing: 1998-08-31
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Granted: 2000-11-21
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Expires: 2018-08-31
Abstract
Abstract A decision support system, including a decision model, provides an indication, either of itself or in combination with a weighted average of the scores assigned to the decision model factors, of the degree to which the pattern of contribution scores corresponds to a benchmark pattern. This indication, referred to as a matching index, can be calculated according to a class of matching index functions, including those based on regression-correlation and Bayesian pattern matching and cost/loss concepts. In addition, the distribution quality and bias can be indicated by another measure referred to as the distribution quality bias measure which is an indication of how biased such a contribution distribution is, with respect to a benchmark of contributions. The matching index and distribution quality and bias measure can be combined to indicate an overall quality value of match, as opposed to a simple measure of pattern matching or weighted averages. The matching index also allows the designation of model factors as `Must Have` or `Must Not Have` factors, and asymmetric functions for special circumstances. The decision support system can be used to assist in the control of a variety of systems and/or processes and/or in the analysis of information, wherever patterns of information may assist in the selection of an alternative from amongst a set of decision alternatives.
Inventors
- 👤 Donald J. Lobley
- 👤 Edward S. Robins
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-11-07 11:28
CPC Classifications
G; G06; G06Q; G06Q99/00; G06Q10/00; G06Q10/06; Y; Y10; Y10S; Y10S707/00; Y10S707/99931; Y10S707/99933; Y10S707/99935; Y10S707/99936
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 34
Claim 1
Independent Claim
182 words
A computer-implemented decision support machine for comparing two alternatives, comprising: memory means for storing a decision data structure having a plurality of decision factors, each said decision factor having a weight assigned thereto, the plurality of weighted factors comprising a predetermined two-dimensional benchmark pattern; input means for inputting a first plurality of scores for a first competing alternative to the decision factors of said decision data structure, and for inputting a second plurality of scores for a second competing alternative to the decision factors of said decision data structure; processing means for (i) transforming the first plurality of scores into a first two-dimensional contribution pattern, (ii) transforming the second plurality of scores into a second two-dimensional contribution pattern, (iii) pattern matching the first contribution pattern and the benchmark pattern to produce a first matching index, and (iv) pattern-matching the second contribution pattern and the benchmark pattern to produce a second matching index; and output means to output at least one output signal corresponding to at least one of the first and second matching indexes to provide a comparison of said competing alternatives.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
182 words
A computer-implemented decision support machine for comparing two alternatives, comprising: memory means for storing a decision data structure having a plurality of decision factors, each said decision factor having a weight assigned thereto, the plurality of weighted factors comprising a predetermined two-dimensional benchmark pattern; input means for inputting a first plurality of scores for a first competing alternative to the decision factors of said decision data structure, and for inputting a second plurality of scores for a second competing alternative to the decision factors of said decision data structure; processing means for (i) transforming the first plurality of scores into a first two-dimensional contribution pattern, (ii) transforming the second plurality of scores into a second two-dimensional contribution pattern, (iii) pattern matching the first contribution pattern and the benchmark pattern to produce a first matching index, and (iv) pattern-matching the second contribution pattern and the benchmark pattern to produce a second matching index; and output means to output at least one output signal corresponding to at least one of the first and second matching indexes to provide a comparison of said competing alternatives.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
16 words
A decision support machine according to claim 1 wherein said output means comprises a display screen.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
34 words
A decision support machine according to claim 1 wherein said processing means comprises a processor which controls a controlled process, and wherein said input means comprises at least one sensor monitoring said controlled process.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
20 words
A decision support machine according to claim 3 wherein each said alternative comprises an operating mode of said controlled process.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
24 words
A decision support machine according to claim 1 wherein said processing means performs a linear regression of said first and second plurality of scores.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
25 words
A decision support machine according to claim 1 wherein said processing means performs a Bayesian cost analysis of said first and second plurality of scores.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
45 words
A decision support machine according to claim 1 wherein said processing means computes a weighted average for each said first and second plurality of scores, and wherein said output means outputs at least one weighted signal according to at least one of the weighted averages.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
27 words
A decision support machine according to claim 7 wherein said output means outputs both the at least one output signal and the at least one weighted signal.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
41 words
A decision support machine according to claim 1 wherein said memory means stores two benchmark patterns each of which corresponds to one of said alternatives, and wherein said processing means pattern-matches each contribution pattern against both of the two benchmark patterns.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
34 words
A decision support machine according to claim 9 wherein said processing means comprises a processor which controls a controlled process, and wherein said input means comprises at least one sensor monitoring said controlled process.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
29 words
A decision support machine according to claim 10 wherein each said alternative comprises an operating mode of said controlled process, each said alternative having a benchmark pattern associated therewith.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
34 words
A decision support machine according to claim 1 wherein said processing means also determines an indication of distribution quality and bias for each of said first and second contribution patterns against said benchmark pattern.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
25 words
A decision support machine according to claim 12 wherein said indication is combined with said matching index prior to said output means outputting said signals.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
28 words
A decision support machine according to claim 12 wherein said output means also outputs a signal representing said indication for each of said first and second competing alternatives.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
174 words
A decision support system for use with a controlled process or system, comprising: means to store a model of said process or system, said model comprising a plurality of factors which are to be considered in controlling said process or system, each said factor having a weight assigned thereto; means to assign a score to each of said plurality of factors, each said score providing an indication of how said system or process meets criteria associated with said respective factor; means to determine a contribution score for each of said plurality of factors; means to store at least two benchmark patterns representing a possible alternative for controlling said process or system; means to pattern match the contribution pattern with said at least two benchmark patterns and to provide an indication of the degree of correspondence between said contribution pattern and each of said at least two predefined benchmark patterns and to select the possible alternative with the highest degree of said correspondence; and output means to output a signal indicating said selected possible alternative.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
174 words
A decision support system for use with a controlled process or system, comprising: means to store a model of said process or system, said model comprising a plurality of factors which are to be considered in controlling said process or system, each said factor having a weight assigned thereto; means to assign a score to each of said plurality of factors, each said score providing an indication of how said system or process meets criteria associated with said respective factor; means to determine a contribution score for each of said plurality of factors; means to store at least two benchmark patterns representing a possible alternative for controlling said process or system; means to pattern match the contribution pattern with said at least two benchmark patterns and to provide an indication of the degree of correspondence between said contribution pattern and each of said at least two predefined benchmark patterns and to select the possible alternative with the highest degree of said correspondence; and output means to output a signal indicating said selected possible alternative.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
28 words
A decision support system according to claim 15 wherein said means to assign a score comprises one or more sensors responsive to said process or system being controlled.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
19 words
A decision support system according to claim 16 wherein said degree of correspondence is determined with Bayesian cost techniques.
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
18 words
A decision support system according to claim 16 wherein said degree of correspondence is determined with correlation-regression techniques.
Claim 21
Dependent Claim
33 words
A decision support system according to claim 15 further including means to determine an indication of distribution quality and bias for said contribution pattern against each of said at least two benchmark patterns.
Claim 22
Dependent Claim
50 words
A decision support system according to claim 19 wherein said means to determine an indication cooperates with said means to pattern-match to combine said indication of distribution quality and bias with said indication of said degree of correspondence and selecting said possible alternative with the highest degree of combined indications.
Claim 23
Dependent Claim
33 words
A decision support machine according to claim 19 wherein said output means also outputs a signal representing said indication of distribution quality and bias for each of said first and second competing alternatives.
Claim 24
Dependent Claim
182 words
A computer-readable storage medium for storing a program which, when processed by a computer, cause the computer to compare two alternatives, the program causing the computer to perform the following functions: storing a decision data structure having a plurality of decision factors, each decision factor having a weight assigned thereto, the plurality of weighted factors comprising a predetermined two-dimensional benchmark pattern; inputting a first plurality of scores for a first competing alternative to the decision factors of said decision data structure; inputting a second plurality of scores for a second competing alternative to the decision factors of said decision data structure; transforming the first plurality of scores into a first two-dimensional contribution pattern; transforming the second plurality of scores into a second two-dimensional contribution pattern; pattern-matching the first contribution pattern and the benchmark pattern to produce a first matching index; pattern-matching the second contribution pattern and the benchmark pattern to produce a second matching index; and outputting at least one output signal corresponding to at least one of the first and second matching indexes to provide a comparision of said competing alternatives.
Claim 25
Dependent Claim
182 words
A computer-readable storage medium for storing a program which, when processed by a computer, cause the computer to compare two alternatives, the program causing the computer to perform the following functions: storing a decision data structure having a plurality of decision factors, each decision factor having a weight assigned thereto, the plurality of weighted factors comprising a predetermined two-dimensional benchmark pattern; inputting a first plurality of scores for a first competing alternative to the decision factors of said decision data structure; inputting a second plurality of scores for a second competing alternative to the decision factors of said decision data structure; transforming the first plurality of scores into a first two-dimensional contribution pattern; transforming the second plurality of scores into a second two-dimensional contribution pattern; pattern-matching the first contribution pattern and the benchmark pattern to produce a first matching index; pattern-matching the second contribution pattern and the benchmark pattern to produce a second matching index; and outputting at least one output signal corresponding to at least one of the first and second matching indexes to provide a comparision of said competing alternatives.
Claim 26
Dependent Claim
43 words
A storage medium according to claim 22 wherein said program further causes said computer to compare each contribution pattern to the benchmark pattern to determine an indication of the quality of distribution and bias of each contribution pattern relative to the benchmark pattern.
Claim 27
Dependent Claim
54 words
A storage medium according to claim 23 wherein said program further causes said computer to combine each said determined indication of the quality of distribution and bias of each contribution pattern and each respective matching index and to cause said at least one output signal to correspond to said combined matching index and indication.
Claim 28
Dependent Claim
62 words
A storage medium according to claim 22, wherein said program further causes said computer to calculate a first weighted average corresponding to the first plurality of scores, and to calculate a second weighted average corresponding to the second plurality of scores, and to output at least one weighted average signal corresponding to at least one of the first and second weighted averages.
Claim 29
Dependent Claim
62 words
A storage medium according to claim 25, wherein said program further causes said computer to calculate a first weighted average corresponding to the first plurality of scores, and to calculate a second weighted average corresponding to the second plurality of scores, and to output at least one weighted average signal corresponding to at least one of the first and second weighted averages.
Claim 30
Dependent Claim
199 words
A decision support method for comparing two alternatives, comprising the steps of: storing a decision data structure having a plurality of decision factors, each decision factor having a weight assigned thereto, the plurality of weighted factors comprising a predetermined two-dimensional benchmark pattern; inputting a first plurality of scores for a first competing alternative to the decision factors of said decision data structure; inputting a second plurality of scores for a second competing alternative to the decision factors of said decision data structure; transforming the first plurality of scores into a first two-dimensional contribution pattern; transforming the second plurality of scores into a second two-dimensional contribution pattern; pattern-matching the first contribution pattern and the benchmark pattern to produce a first matching index; pattern-matching the second contribution pattern and the benchmark pattern to produce a second matching index; comparing each contribution pattern to the benchmark pattern to determine an indication of the quality of distribution and bias of each contribution pattern relative to the benchmark pattern; and outputting on a computer display at least one output signal corresponding to at least one of the first and second matching indexes and said determined indication to provide a comparision of said competing alternatives.
Claim 31
Dependent Claim
199 words
A decision support method for comparing two alternatives, comprising the steps of: storing a decision data structure having a plurality of decision factors, each decision factor having a weight assigned thereto, the plurality of weighted factors comprising a predetermined two-dimensional benchmark pattern; inputting a first plurality of scores for a first competing alternative to the decision factors of said decision data structure; inputting a second plurality of scores for a second competing alternative to the decision factors of said decision data structure; transforming the first plurality of scores into a first two-dimensional contribution pattern; transforming the second plurality of scores into a second two-dimensional contribution pattern; pattern-matching the first contribution pattern and the benchmark pattern to produce a first matching index; pattern-matching the second contribution pattern and the benchmark pattern to produce a second matching index; comparing each contribution pattern to the benchmark pattern to determine an indication of the quality of distribution and bias of each contribution pattern relative to the benchmark pattern; and outputting on a computer display at least one output signal corresponding to at least one of the first and second matching indexes and said determined indication to provide a comparision of said competing alternatives.
Claim 32
Dependent Claim
186 words
A machine for comparing the attributes of two objects of a single class of objects, comprising: an input device for inputting a first plurality of scores corresponding to attributes of a first object, and for inputting a plurality of scores corresponding to attributes of a second object; a memory for storing a predetermined two-dimensional benchmark pattern corresponding to a predetermined plurality of attributes for the single class of objects; a processor for (i) transforming the first plurality of scores into a first two-dimensional contribution pattern, (ii) transforming the second plurality of scores into a second two-dimensional contribution pattern, (iii) two-dimensional pattern-matching the first contribution pattern and the benchmark pattern to produce a first matching index, (iv) two-dimensional pattern-matching the second contribution pattern and the benchmark pattern to produce a second matching index, (v) calculating a first weighted average corresponding to the first plurality of scores, (vi) calculating a second weighted average corresponding to the second plurality of scores; and an output connected to said processor and operable to output to a signal representing the first and second matching indexes and the first and second weighted averages.
Claim 33
Dependent Claim
186 words
A machine for comparing the attributes of two objects of a single class of objects, comprising: an input device for inputting a first plurality of scores corresponding to attributes of a first object, and for inputting a plurality of scores corresponding to attributes of a second object; a memory for storing a predetermined two-dimensional benchmark pattern corresponding to a predetermined plurality of attributes for the single class of objects; a processor for (i) transforming the first plurality of scores into a first two-dimensional contribution pattern, (ii) transforming the second plurality of scores into a second two-dimensional contribution pattern, (iii) two-dimensional pattern-matching the first contribution pattern and the benchmark pattern to produce a first matching index, (iv) two-dimensional pattern-matching the second contribution pattern and the benchmark pattern to produce a second matching index, (v) calculating a first weighted average corresponding to the first plurality of scores, (vi) calculating a second weighted average corresponding to the second plurality of scores; and an output connected to said processor and operable to output to a signal representing the first and second matching indexes and the first and second weighted averages.
Claim 34
Dependent Claim
49 words
A machine according to claim 28 wherein said processor also compares each contribution pattern to the benchmark pattern to determine an indication of the quality of distribution and bias of each contribution pattern relative to the benchmark pattern and said output also outputs a signal representing said determined indication.
References Cited (Backward Citations)
No citation records indexed.
USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 2003-11-21 | 2004-05-22 | 2004-11-21 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 2007-11-21 | 2008-05-22 | 2008-11-21 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 2011-11-21 | 2012-05-22 | 2012-11-21 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |