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US6108366A Expired / Lapsed US ⏱️ 0.0 years remaining

Method and apparatus for the generation of frequency hopping sequences

Assignee: Fingerprint Cards AB
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Filing: 1997-10-14
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Granted: 2000-08-22
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Expires: 2017-10-14
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Abstract

Abstract A frequency hopping generator comprises an XOR processing module and a PERM (permutation) processing module arranged in series. The XOR and PERM modules act directly on input clock lines as a function of a selection address. The hopping number sequence generated by the frequency hopping generator can be changed in real-time by changing the selection addresses, while the phase of the sequence can be changed in real-time by changing the clock value on the clock lines. The frequency generator finds exemplary use in rapidly switching between different piconets in a wireless scatter network.

Inventors

  • 👤 Jacobus Cornelis Haartsen

Bibliographic Details

Application Number —
Jurisdiction US
Data Source google_patents
Last Synchronized 2026-11-07 18:57
CPC Classifications
H; H04; H04B; H04B1/00; H04B1/69; H04B1/713; H04B1/7136; H04B1/7143

Claims Analysis

Total Claims: 46
Claim 1
Independent Claim 163 words
A frequency hopping generator for use in a wireless communication network, comprising: at least one permutation (PERM) processing module for processing a first portion of a clock signal as a function of at least one PERM address signal, wherein the PERM module performs a permutation of the first portion of the clock signal; and at least one exclusive OR (XOR) processing module, arranged in series with said at least one PERM module, for processing a second portion of said clock signal as a function of at least one XOR address signal; wherein an output of said serially arranged at least one PERM and XOR modules defines one of a plurality of hop numbers; wherein changes in said address signals produce a substantially instantaneous change in an output sequence of said hop numbers; and wherein changes in either of said first and second portions of said clock signal produce a substantially instantaneous change in a phase of an output sequence of said hop numbers.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim 163 words
A frequency hopping generator for use in a wireless communication network, comprising: at least one permutation (PERM) processing module for processing a first portion of a clock signal as a function of at least one PERM address signal, wherein the PERM module performs a permutation of the first portion of the clock signal; and at least one exclusive OR (XOR) processing module, arranged in series with said at least one PERM module, for processing a second portion of said clock signal as a function of at least one XOR address signal; wherein an output of said serially arranged at least one PERM and XOR modules defines one of a plurality of hop numbers; wherein changes in said address signals produce a substantially instantaneous change in an output sequence of said hop numbers; and wherein changes in either of said first and second portions of said clock signal produce a substantially instantaneous change in a phase of an output sequence of said hop numbers.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim 108 words
A frequency hopping generator for use in a wireless communication network, comprising: a first permutation (PERM1) processing module having a first PERM1 input for receiving a first portion of a clock signal and a second PERM1 input for receiving a PERM1 selection address, and having a PERM1 output, wherein the PERM1 processing module performs a permutation of the first portion of the clock signal; and a first exclusive OR (XOR1) processing module having a first XOR1 input for receiving said PERM1 output and having a second XOR1 input for receiving an XOR1 selection address, and having an XOR1 output defining one of a plurality of Z hop numbers.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim 108 words
A frequency hopping generator for use in a wireless communication network, comprising: a first permutation (PERM1) processing module having a first PERM1 input for receiving a first portion of a clock signal and a second PERM1 input for receiving a PERM1 selection address, and having a PERM1 output, wherein the PERM1 processing module performs a permutation of the first portion of the clock signal; and a first exclusive OR (XOR1) processing module having a first XOR1 input for receiving said PERM1 output and having a second XOR1 input for receiving an XOR1 selection address, and having an XOR1 output defining one of a plurality of Z hop numbers.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim 118 words
A frequency hopping generator for use in a wireless communication network, comprising: a first permutation (PERM1) processing module having a first PERM1 input for receiving a first portion of a clock signal and a second PERM1 input for receiving a PERM1 selection address, and having a PERM1 output; and a first exclusive OR (XOR1) processing module having a first XOR1 input for receiving said PERM1 output and having a second XOR1 input for receiving an XOR1 selection address, and having an XOR1 output defining one of a plurality of Z hop numbers, wherein said first PERM1 processing module selectively switches bit positions in said first portion of said clock signal on the basis of said PERM1 selection address.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim 118 words
A frequency hopping generator for use in a wireless communication network, comprising: a first permutation (PERM1) processing module having a first PERM1 input for receiving a first portion of a clock signal and a second PERM1 input for receiving a PERM1 selection address, and having a PERM1 output; and a first exclusive OR (XOR1) processing module having a first XOR1 input for receiving said PERM1 output and having a second XOR1 input for receiving an XOR1 selection address, and having an XOR1 output defining one of a plurality of Z hop numbers, wherein said first PERM1 processing module selectively switches bit positions in said first portion of said clock signal on the basis of said PERM1 selection address.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim 32 words
The frequency hopping generator of claim 2, wherein said first XOR1 processing module performs a bit-wise exclusive OR logic function on the PERM1 output on the basis of said XOR1 selection address.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim 176 words
A frequency hopping generator for use in a wireless communication network, comprising: a first permutation (PERM1) processing module having a first PERM1 input for receiving a first portion of a clock signal and a second PERM1 input for receiving a PERM1 selection address, and having a PERM1 output; and a first exclusive OR (XOR1) processing module having a first XOR1 input for receiving said PERM1 output and having a second XOR1 input for receiving an XOR1 selection address, and having an XOR1 output defining one of a plurality of Z hop numbers, and further comprising: a second XOR (XOR2) processing module having a first XOR2 input for receiving a second portion of said clock signal and a second XOR2 input for receiving an XOR2 selection address, and having an output defining said PERM1 selection address; and a third XOR (XOR3) processing module having a first XOR3 input for receiving a third portion of said clock signal and a second XOR3 input for receiving an XOR3 selection address, and having an output defining said XOR2 selection address.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim 176 words
A frequency hopping generator for use in a wireless communication network, comprising: a first permutation (PERM1) processing module having a first PERM1 input for receiving a first portion of a clock signal and a second PERM1 input for receiving a PERM1 selection address, and having a PERM1 output; and a first exclusive OR (XOR1) processing module having a first XOR1 input for receiving said PERM1 output and having a second XOR1 input for receiving an XOR1 selection address, and having an XOR1 output defining one of a plurality of Z hop numbers, and further comprising: a second XOR (XOR2) processing module having a first XOR2 input for receiving a second portion of said clock signal and a second XOR2 input for receiving an XOR2 selection address, and having an output defining said PERM1 selection address; and a third XOR (XOR3) processing module having a first XOR3 input for receiving a third portion of said clock signal and a second XOR3 input for receiving an XOR3 selection address, and having an output defining said XOR2 selection address.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim 74 words
The frequency hopping generator of claim 5, further comprising: a second PERM (PERM2) processing module having a first PERM2 input for receiving a fourth portion of said clock signal and a second PERM2 input for receiving a PERM2 selection address, and having a first PERM2 output defining said first XOR2 input of said second XOR2 processing module and having a second PERM2 output defining said first XOR3 input of said third XOR3 processing module.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim 41 words
The frequency hopping generator of claim 5, wherein said first portion of said clock signal comprises least significant bits of said clock signal and said second and third portions of said clock signal comprise higher order bits of said clock signal.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim 143 words
A frequency hopping generator for use in a wireless communication network, comprising: a first permutation (PERM1) processing module having a first PERM1 input for receiving a first portion of a clock signal and a second PERM1 input for receiving a PERM1 selection address, and having a PERM1 output; and a first exclusive OR (XOR1) processing module having a first XOR1 input for receiving said PERM1 output and having a second XOR1 input for receiving an XOR1 selection address, and having an XOR1 output defining one of a plurality of Z hop numbers, and further comprising: a modulo M adder having a first adder input for receiving said XOR1 output defining said one of said Z hop numbers, and having a second input for receiving a second portion of said clock signal, and having an adder output for outputing one of M hop numbers.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim 143 words
A frequency hopping generator for use in a wireless communication network, comprising: a first permutation (PERM1) processing module having a first PERM1 input for receiving a first portion of a clock signal and a second PERM1 input for receiving a PERM1 selection address, and having a PERM1 output; and a first exclusive OR (XOR1) processing module having a first XOR1 input for receiving said PERM1 output and having a second XOR1 input for receiving an XOR1 selection address, and having an XOR1 output defining one of a plurality of Z hop numbers, and further comprising: a modulo M adder having a first adder input for receiving said XOR1 output defining said one of said Z hop numbers, and having a second input for receiving a second portion of said clock signal, and having an adder output for outputing one of M hop numbers.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim 133 words
A frequency hopping generator for use in a wireless communication network, comprising: a first permutation (PERM1) processing module having a first PERM1 input for receiving a first portion of a clock signal and a second PERM1 input for receiving a PERM1 selection address, and having a PERM1 output; and a first exclusive OR (XOR1) processing module having a first XOR1 input for receiving said PERM1 output and having a second XOR1 input for receiving an XOR1 selection address, and having an XOR1 output defining one of a plurality of Z hop numbers, and further comprising: a memory for storing a plurality of hop frequencies corresponding to said Z output hop numbers, wherein one of said hop frequencies is selected on the basis of an input hop number generated by said first XOR1 module.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim 133 words
A frequency hopping generator for use in a wireless communication network, comprising: a first permutation (PERM1) processing module having a first PERM1 input for receiving a first portion of a clock signal and a second PERM1 input for receiving a PERM1 selection address, and having a PERM1 output; and a first exclusive OR (XOR1) processing module having a first XOR1 input for receiving said PERM1 output and having a second XOR1 input for receiving an XOR1 selection address, and having an XOR1 output defining one of a plurality of Z hop numbers, and further comprising: a memory for storing a plurality of hop frequencies corresponding to said Z output hop numbers, wherein one of said hop frequencies is selected on the basis of an input hop number generated by said first XOR1 module.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim 30 words
The frequency hopping generator of claim 9, wherein said frequencies are arranged such that consecutive hop numbers in a hop sequence are mapped into non-consecutive hop frequencies in said memory.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim 104 words
A frequency hopping generator for use in a wireless communication network, comprising: a first exclusive OR (XOR1) processing module having a first XOR1 input for receiving a first portion of a clock signal and having a second XOR1 input for receiving an XOR1 selection address, and having an XOR1 output; and a first permutation (PERM1) processing module having a first PERM1 input for receiving said XOR1 output and a second PERM1 input for receiving a PERM1 selection address, and having a PERM1 output defining one of a plurality of Z hop numbers, wherein the PERM1 processing module performs a permutation of the XOR1 output.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim 104 words
A frequency hopping generator for use in a wireless communication network, comprising: a first exclusive OR (XOR1) processing module having a first XOR1 input for receiving a first portion of a clock signal and having a second XOR1 input for receiving an XOR1 selection address, and having an XOR1 output; and a first permutation (PERM1) processing module having a first PERM1 input for receiving said XOR1 output and a second PERM1 input for receiving a PERM1 selection address, and having a PERM1 output defining one of a plurality of Z hop numbers, wherein the PERM1 processing module performs a permutation of the XOR1 output.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim 36 words
The frequency hopping generator of claim 11, wherein said first XOR1 processing module performs a bit-wise exclusive OR logic function on the first portion of the clock signal on the basis of said XOR1 selection address.
Claim 20
Dependent Claim 114 words
A frequency hopping generator for use in a wireless communication network, comprising: a first exclusive OR (XOR1) processing module having a first XOR1 input for receiving a first portion of a clock signal and having a second XOR1 input for receiving an XOR1 selection address, and having an XOR1 output; and a first permutation (PERM1) processing module having a first PERM1 input for receiving said XOR1 output and a second PERM1 input for receiving a PERM1 selection address, and having a PERM1 output defining one of a plurality of Z hop numbers, wherein said first PERM1 processing module selectively switches bit positions in said XOR1 output on the basis of said PERM1 selection address.
Claim 21
Dependent Claim 114 words
A frequency hopping generator for use in a wireless communication network, comprising: a first exclusive OR (XOR1) processing module having a first XOR1 input for receiving a first portion of a clock signal and having a second XOR1 input for receiving an XOR1 selection address, and having an XOR1 output; and a first permutation (PERM1) processing module having a first PERM1 input for receiving said XOR1 output and a second PERM1 input for receiving a PERM1 selection address, and having a PERM1 output defining one of a plurality of Z hop numbers, wherein said first PERM1 processing module selectively switches bit positions in said XOR1 output on the basis of said PERM1 selection address.
Claim 22
Dependent Claim 175 words
A frequency hopping generator for use in a wireless communication network, comprising: a first exclusive OR (XOR1) processing module having a first XOR1 input for receiving a first portion of a clock signal and having a second XOR1 input for receiving an XOR1 selection address, and having an XOR1 output; and a first permutation (PERM1) processing module having a first PERM1 input for receiving said XOR1 output and a second PERM1 input for receiving a PERM1 selection address, and having a PERM1 output defining one of a plurality of Z hop numbers, further comprising: a second XOR (XOR2) processing module having a first XOR2 input for receiving a second portion of said clock signal and a second XOR2 input for receiving an XOR2 selection address, and having an output defining said XOR1 selection address; and a third XOR (XOR3) processing module having a first XOR3 input for receiving a third portion of said clock signal and a second XOR3 input for receiving an XOR3 selection address, and having an output defining said PERM1 selection address.
Claim 23
Dependent Claim 175 words
A frequency hopping generator for use in a wireless communication network, comprising: a first exclusive OR (XOR1) processing module having a first XOR1 input for receiving a first portion of a clock signal and having a second XOR1 input for receiving an XOR1 selection address, and having an XOR1 output; and a first permutation (PERM1) processing module having a first PERM1 input for receiving said XOR1 output and a second PERM1 input for receiving a PERM1 selection address, and having a PERM1 output defining one of a plurality of Z hop numbers, further comprising: a second XOR (XOR2) processing module having a first XOR2 input for receiving a second portion of said clock signal and a second XOR2 input for receiving an XOR2 selection address, and having an output defining said XOR1 selection address; and a third XOR (XOR3) processing module having a first XOR3 input for receiving a third portion of said clock signal and a second XOR3 input for receiving an XOR3 selection address, and having an output defining said PERM1 selection address.
Claim 24
Dependent Claim 74 words
The frequency hopping generator of claim 14, further comprising: a second PERM (PERM2) processing module having a first PERM2 input for receiving a fourth portion of said clock signal and a second PERM2 input for receiving a PERM2 selection address, and having a first PERM2 output defining said first XOR2 input of said second XOR2 processing module and having a second PERM2 output defining said first XOR3 input of said third XOR3 processing module.
Claim 25
Dependent Claim 41 words
The frequency hopping generator of claim 14, wherein said first portion of said clock signal comprises least significant bits of said clock signal and said second and third portions of said clock signal comprise higher order bits of said clock signal.
Claim 26
Dependent Claim 143 words
A frequency hopping generator for use in a wireless communication network, comprising: a first exclusive OR (XOR1) processing module having a first XOR1 input for receiving a first portion of a clock signal and having a second XOR1 input for receiving an XOR1 selection address, and having an XOR1 output; and a first permutation (PERM1) processing module having a first PERM1 input for receiving said XOR1 output and a second PERM1 input for receiving a PERM1 selection address, and having a PERM1 output defining one of a plurality of Z hop numbers, and further comprising: a modulo M adder having a first adder input for receiving said XOR1 output defining said one of said Z hop numbers, and having a second input for receiving a second portion of said clock signal, and having an adder output for outputing one of M hop numbers.
Claim 27
Dependent Claim 143 words
A frequency hopping generator for use in a wireless communication network, comprising: a first exclusive OR (XOR1) processing module having a first XOR1 input for receiving a first portion of a clock signal and having a second XOR1 input for receiving an XOR1 selection address, and having an XOR1 output; and a first permutation (PERM1) processing module having a first PERM1 input for receiving said XOR1 output and a second PERM1 input for receiving a PERM1 selection address, and having a PERM1 output defining one of a plurality of Z hop numbers, and further comprising: a modulo M adder having a first adder input for receiving said XOR1 output defining said one of said Z hop numbers, and having a second input for receiving a second portion of said clock signal, and having an adder output for outputing one of M hop numbers.
Claim 28
Dependent Claim 133 words
A frequency hopping generator for use in a wireless communication network, comprising: a first exclusive OR (XOR1) processing module having a first XOR1 input for receiving a first portion of a clock signal and having a second XOR1 input for receiving an XOR1 selection address, and having an XOR1 output; and a first permutation (PERM1) processing module having a first PERM1 input for receiving said XOR1 output and a second PERM1 input for receiving a PERM1 selection address, and having a PERM1 output defining one of a plurality of Z hop numbers, and further comprising: a memory for storing a plurality of hop frequencies corresponding to said Z output hop numbers, wherein one of said hop frequencies is selected on the basis of an input hop number generated by said first PERM1 module.
Claim 29
Dependent Claim 133 words
A frequency hopping generator for use in a wireless communication network, comprising: a first exclusive OR (XOR1) processing module having a first XOR1 input for receiving a first portion of a clock signal and having a second XOR1 input for receiving an XOR1 selection address, and having an XOR1 output; and a first permutation (PERM1) processing module having a first PERM1 input for receiving said XOR1 output and a second PERM1 input for receiving a PERM1 selection address, and having a PERM1 output defining one of a plurality of Z hop numbers, and further comprising: a memory for storing a plurality of hop frequencies corresponding to said Z output hop numbers, wherein one of said hop frequencies is selected on the basis of an input hop number generated by said first PERM1 module.
Claim 30
Dependent Claim 30 words
The frequency hopping generator of claim 18, wherein said frequencies are arranged such that consecutive hop numbers in a hop sequence are mapped into non-consecutive hop frequencies in said memory.
Claim 31
Independent Claim 111 words
A method for use in a frequency hopping wireless network, comprising the steps of: receiving a clock signal comprising rows and columns of clock information bits; performing permutation processing on a first portion of said clock signal to vary bit values in a column direction of said information bits as a function of a first permutation address; performing exclusive OR processing on a second portion of said clock signal to vary bit values in a row direction of said information bits as a function of a first exclusive OR address; and generating one of Z output frequency hop numbers on the basis of said permutation processing and said exclusive OR processing.
Claim 32
Independent Claim 111 words
A method for use in a frequency hopping wireless network, comprising the steps of: receiving a clock signal comprising rows and columns of clock information bits; performing permutation processing on a first portion of said clock signal to vary bit values in a column direction of said information bits as a function of a first permutation address; performing exclusive OR processing on a second portion of said clock signal to vary bit values in a row direction of said information bits as a function of a first exclusive OR address; and generating one of Z output frequency hop numbers on the basis of said permutation processing and said exclusive OR processing.
Claim 33
Dependent Claim 14 words
The method of claim 20, wherein said permutation processing precedes said exclusive OR processing.
Claim 34
Dependent Claim 14 words
The method of claim 20, wherein said exclusive OR processing precedes said permutation processing.
Claim 35
Dependent Claim 59 words
The method of claim 20, further including the steps of: performing exclusive OR processing on a third portion of said clock signal and a second permutation address to generate said first permutation address; and performing exclusive OR processing on a fourth portion of said clock signal and a second exclusive OR address to generate said first exclusive OR address.
Claim 36
Dependent Claim 32 words
The method of claim 23, further including the step of: performing permutation processing on a fifth portion of said clock signal to generate said second and third portions of said clock signal.
Claim 37
Dependent Claim 31 words
The method of claim 20, further including the step of: processing said one of Z frequency hop numbers using a modulo M adder to generate one of M frequency hop numbers.
Claim 38
Dependent Claim 52 words
The method of claim 20, further including the step of: accessing a memory on the basis of said one of said Z output frequency hop numbers to retrieve one of a plurality of output hop frequencies, wherein said memory is so organized such that consecutive hop numbers correspond to non-consecutive hop frequencies.
Claim 39
Dependent Claim 66 words
A frequency hopping generator for use in a wireless communication network, comprising: a permutation processing module having a first input for receiving a first portion of a clock signal and a second input for receiving a selection address, and having an output defining one of a plurality of hop numbers, wherein the permutation processing module performs a permutation of the first portion of the clock signal.
Claim 40
Dependent Claim 66 words
A frequency hopping generator for use in a wireless communication network, comprising: a permutation processing module having a first input for receiving a first portion of a clock signal and a second input for receiving a selection address, and having an output defining one of a plurality of hop numbers, wherein the permutation processing module performs a permutation of the first portion of the clock signal.
Claim 41
Dependent Claim 50 words
A frequency hopping generator for use in a wireless communication network, comprising: an XOR processing module having a first input for receiving a first portion of a clock signal and a second input for receiving a selection address, and having an output defining one of a plurality of hop numbers.
Claim 42
Dependent Claim 50 words
A frequency hopping generator for use in a wireless communication network, comprising: an XOR processing module having a first input for receiving a first portion of a clock signal and a second input for receiving a selection address, and having an output defining one of a plurality of hop numbers.
Claim 43
Independent Claim 76 words
A method for use in a frequency hopping wireless network, comprising the steps of: receiving a first portion of a clock signal comprising rows and columns of clock information bits; performing permutation processing on said first portion of said clock signal to vary bit values in a column direction of said information bits as a function of an address signal; and generating one of Z output frequency hop numbers on the basis of said permutation processing.
Claim 44
Independent Claim 76 words
A method for use in a frequency hopping wireless network, comprising the steps of: receiving a first portion of a clock signal comprising rows and columns of clock information bits; performing permutation processing on said first portion of said clock signal to vary bit values in a column direction of said information bits as a function of an address signal; and generating one of Z output frequency hop numbers on the basis of said permutation processing.
Claim 45
Independent Claim 77 words
A method for use in a frequency hopping wireless network, comprising the steps of: receiving a first portion of a clock signal comprising rows and columns of clock information bits; performing exclusive OR processing on said first portion of said clock signal to vary bit values in a row direction of said information bits as a function of an address signal; and generating one of Z output frequency hop numbers on the basis of said XOR processing.
Claim 46
Independent Claim 77 words
A method for use in a frequency hopping wireless network, comprising the steps of: receiving a first portion of a clock signal comprising rows and columns of clock information bits; performing exclusive OR processing on said first portion of said clock signal to vary bit values in a row direction of said information bits as a function of an address signal; and generating one of Z output frequency hop numbers on the basis of said XOR processing.

References Cited (Backward Citations)

US4066964A Cited
US4276652A Cited
US4383323A Cited
EP0247790A2 Cited
US4876659A Cited

USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows

Annuity Stage Window Opens Payment Deadline Surcharge Period Until Estimated Fee Status
3.5 Years (Year 4) 2003-08-22 2004-02-21 2004-08-22 $2000.00 Window Closed / Lapsed
7.5 Years (Year 8) 2007-08-22 2008-02-21 2008-08-22 $3760.00 Window Closed / Lapsed
11.5 Years (Year 12) 2011-08-22 2012-02-21 2012-08-22 $7700.00 Window Closed / Lapsed

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