US5999656A
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Overlapped reversible transforms for unified lossless/lossy compression
Assignee: Ricoh Co Ltd
•
Filing: 1997-01-17
•
Granted: 1999-12-07
•
Expires: 2017-01-17
Abstract
Abstract Recently, a number of reversible wavelet transforms have been identified which allow for exact reconstruction in integer arithmetic. Different transforms vary in how rounding is performed. The present invention provides a transform, which is linear except for the rounding with non-linear operations in order to create a reversible implementation. Also, the present invention also provides transforms which are decomposed into all finite inpulse response parts.
Inventors
- 👤 Ahmad Zandi
- 👤 Edward L. Schwartz
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-11-09 16:16
CPC Classifications
H; H04; H04N; H04N19/00; H04N19/60; H04N19/63; H04N19/635
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 70
Claim 1
Independent Claim
45 words
An apparatus comprising: a wavelet transform with dynamically selectable non-linearities to maintain reversibility, wherein the dynamically selectable non-linearities comprise a plurality of offsets; and an encoding unit having an input coupled to receive coefficients from the wavelet transform and having an output of compressed data.
Claim 2
Independent Claim
45 words
An apparatus comprising: a wavelet transform with dynamically selectable non-linearities to maintain reversibility, wherein the dynamically selectable non-linearities comprise a plurality of offsets; and an encoding unit having an input coupled to receive coefficients from the wavelet transform and having an output of compressed data.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
15 words
The apparatus defined in claim 1 wherein the wavelet transform comprises a forward transform filter.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
13 words
The apparatus defined in claim 1 wherein the dynamically selectable non-linearities control rounding.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
36 words
The apparatus defined in claim 3 wherein the wavelet transform performs a first rounding scheme when a first of the non-linearities is selected and a second rounding scheme when a second of the non-linearities is selected.
Claim 6
Independent Claim
29 words
An apparatus comprising: a forward transform filter having logic to explicitly control rounding with dynamic selection of an offset; and an encoding unit coupled to the forward transform filter.
Claim 7
Independent Claim
29 words
An apparatus comprising: a forward transform filter having logic to explicitly control rounding with dynamic selection of an offset; and an encoding unit coupled to the forward transform filter.
Claim 8
Independent Claim
51 words
A system comprising: a reversible wavelet transform having rounding associated with integer division and dynamically selectable non-linearities to control the rounding, wherein the dynamically selectable non-linearities comprise a plurality of offsets; and a coding unit coupled to receive coefficients from the reversible wavelet transform and having an output of compressed data.
Claim 9
Independent Claim
51 words
A system comprising: a reversible wavelet transform having rounding associated with integer division and dynamically selectable non-linearities to control the rounding, wherein the dynamically selectable non-linearities comprise a plurality of offsets; and a coding unit coupled to receive coefficients from the reversible wavelet transform and having an output of compressed data.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
37 words
The system defined in claim 6 further comprising: a decoding unit coupled to receive the compressed data; and an inverse filter of the reversible wavelet transform coupled to receive a plurality of coefficients from the decoding unit.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
15 words
The system defined in claim 7 wherein the inverse wavelet filter comprises a linear filter.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
14 words
The system defined in claim 7 wherein the inverse wavelet filter comprises reversible wavelets.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
35 words
A wavelet transform with an integer arithmetic implementation that allows exact reconstruction of an input signal from outputs of the wavelet transform so as to be reversible by dynamically selecting an offset that controls rounding.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
35 words
A wavelet transform with an integer arithmetic implementation that allows exact reconstruction of an input signal from outputs of the wavelet transform so as to be reversible by dynamically selecting an offset that controls rounding.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
22 words
The wavelet transform defined in claim 10 wherein the offset changes when rounding is utilized to maintain reversibility of the wavelet transform.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
16 words
The wavelet transform defined in claim 10 wherein the wavelet transform comprises a reversible Two-Six transform.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
16 words
The wavelet transform defined in claim 10 wherein the wavelet transform comprises a reversible Three-Five transform.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
21 words
The wavelet transform defined in claim 10 wherein the wavelet transform comprises a low pass filter and a high pass filter.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
19 words
The wavelet transform defined in claim 14 wherein the offset modifies the integer arithmetic implementation of the high-pass filter.
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
21 words
The wavelet transform defined in claim 14 wherein the high-pass filter generates an output using an output of the low-pass filter.
Claim 21
Dependent Claim
17 words
The wavelet transform defined in claim 14, wherein the output of the low-pass filter does not grow.
Claim 22
Dependent Claim
33 words
The wavelet transform defined in claim 14 wherein the high-pass filter comprises selection logic for providing the offset from a plurality of offset inputs in response to at least one selection control signal.
Claim 23
Dependent Claim
14 words
The wavelet transform defined in claim 18 wherein the selection logic comprises a multiplexer.
Claim 24
Dependent Claim
39 words
The wavelet transform defined in claim 18 further comprising selection signal generation logic to generate said at least one selection control signal in response to a signal derived from remainders of division operations performed on two different low-pass results.
Claim 25
Dependent Claim
52 words
The wavelet transform defined in claim 18 further comprising selection control signal generation logic to generate said at least one control selection signal in response to a first signal derived from remainders of division operations performed on two different low-pass results and a bit of one of the two different low-pass results.
Claim 26
Independent Claim
54 words
A system comprising: a forward wavelet transform that transforms input signals into a first series of coefficients using integer arithmetic, wherein the forward wavelet transform dynamically selects an offset to control rounding; and a compressor having an input coupled to receive coefficients from the forward wavelet transform and having an output of compressed data.
Claim 27
Independent Claim
54 words
A system comprising: a forward wavelet transform that transforms input signals into a first series of coefficients using integer arithmetic, wherein the forward wavelet transform dynamically selects an offset to control rounding; and a compressor having an input coupled to receive coefficients from the forward wavelet transform and having an output of compressed data.
Claim 28
Dependent Claim
51 words
The system defined in claim 22 further comprising: a decompressor to decompress the compressed data into a second series of coefficients; and a reverse wavelet transform operating on the second series of coefficients to generate an exact reconstructed version of the input signal, such that the forward wavelet transform is reversed.
Claim 29
Dependent Claim
42 words
An encoder comprising: a wavelet transform with an integer arithmetic implementation that allows exact reconstruction of an input signal from outputs of the wavelet transform so as to be reversible by dynamically selecting an offset that controls rounding; and an entropy coder.
Claim 30
Dependent Claim
42 words
An encoder comprising: a wavelet transform with an integer arithmetic implementation that allows exact reconstruction of an input signal from outputs of the wavelet transform so as to be reversible by dynamically selecting an offset that controls rounding; and an entropy coder.
Claim 31
Dependent Claim
35 words
The encoder defined in claim 24 further comprising a coefficient data ordering and modeling mechanism coupled to the wavelet transform and the entropy coder that order coefficients and models the coefficients for the entropy coder.
Claim 32
Independent Claim
43 words
An apparatus comprising: a wavelet transform means for transforming input data with dynamically selectable non-linearities to maintain reversibility, wherein the dynamically selectable non-linearities comprise a plurality of offsets; and an encoding means for receiving coefficients from the wavelet transform and generating compressed data.
Claim 33
Independent Claim
43 words
An apparatus comprising: a wavelet transform means for transforming input data with dynamically selectable non-linearities to maintain reversibility, wherein the dynamically selectable non-linearities comprise a plurality of offsets; and an encoding means for receiving coefficients from the wavelet transform and generating compressed data.
Claim 34
Dependent Claim
16 words
The apparatus defined in claim 26 wherein the wavelet transform means comprises a forward transform filter.
Claim 35
Dependent Claim
13 words
The apparatus defined in claim 26 wherein the dynamically selectable non-linearities control rounding.
Claim 36
Dependent Claim
40 words
The apparatus defined in claim 28 wherein the wavelet transform means includes means for performing a first rounding scheme when a first of the non-linearities is selected and a second rounding scheme when a second of the non-linearities is selected.
Claim 37
Independent Claim
39 words
An apparatus comprising: a forward transform filter means for explicitly controlling rounding with dynamic selection of an offset; and an encoding means coupled to the forward transform filter means for encoding information generated by the forward transform filter means.
Claim 38
Independent Claim
39 words
An apparatus comprising: a forward transform filter means for explicitly controlling rounding with dynamic selection of an offset; and an encoding means coupled to the forward transform filter means for encoding information generated by the forward transform filter means.
Claim 39
Independent Claim
36 words
A system comprising: a reversible wavelet transform means having rounding associated with integer division and non-linearities for controlling the rounding; and a coding means for receiving coefficients from the reversible wavelet transform and generating compressed data.
Claim 40
Independent Claim
36 words
A system comprising: a reversible wavelet transform means having rounding associated with integer division and non-linearities for controlling the rounding; and a coding means for receiving coefficients from the reversible wavelet transform and generating compressed data.
Claim 41
Dependent Claim
36 words
The system defined in claim 31 further comprising: a decoding means for decoding the compressed data; and an inverse filter means for performing an inverse filter operation on a plurality of coefficients from the decoding means.
Claim 42
Dependent Claim
16 words
The system defined in claim 32 wherein the inverse wavelet filter means comprises a linear filter.
Claim 43
Independent Claim
50 words
A system comprising: a forward wavelet transform means for transforming input signals into a first series of coefficients using integer arithmetic, wherein the forward wavelet transform means dynamically selects an offset to control rounding; and a compression means for receiving coefficients from the forward wavelet transform and generating compressed data.
Claim 44
Independent Claim
50 words
A system comprising: a forward wavelet transform means for transforming input signals into a first series of coefficients using integer arithmetic, wherein the forward wavelet transform means dynamically selects an offset to control rounding; and a compression means for receiving coefficients from the forward wavelet transform and generating compressed data.
Claim 45
Dependent Claim
53 words
The system defined in claim 34 further comprising: a decompression means for decompressing the compressed data into a second series of coefficients; and a reverse wavelet transform means operating on the second series of coefficients for generating an exact reconstructed version of the input signal, such that the forward wavelet transform is reversed.
Claim 46
Dependent Claim
47 words
An encoder comprising: a wavelet transform means for transforming input data with an integer arithmetic implementation that allows exact reconstruction of an input signal from outputs of the wavelet transform so as to be reversible by dynamically selecting an offset that controls rounding; and an entropy coder.
Claim 47
Dependent Claim
47 words
An encoder comprising: a wavelet transform means for transforming input data with an integer arithmetic implementation that allows exact reconstruction of an input signal from outputs of the wavelet transform so as to be reversible by dynamically selecting an offset that controls rounding; and an entropy coder.
Claim 48
Dependent Claim
26 words
The encoder defined in claim 36 further comprising a coefficient data ordering and modeling means for ordering coefficients and models the coefficients for the entropy coder.
Claim 49
Independent Claim
40 words
A method comprising; performing a wavelet transform on input data with dynamically selectable non-linearities to maintain reversibility, wherein the dynamically selectable non-linearities comprise a plurality of offset; and encoding coefficients generated from performing the wavelet transform to create compressed data.
Claim 50
Independent Claim
40 words
A method comprising; performing a wavelet transform on input data with dynamically selectable non-linearities to maintain reversibility, wherein the dynamically selectable non-linearities comprise a plurality of offset; and encoding coefficients generated from performing the wavelet transform to create compressed data.
Claim 51
Dependent Claim
13 words
The method defined in claim 38 wherein the dynamically selectable non-linearities control rounding.
Claim 52
Dependent Claim
38 words
The method defined in claim 38 wherein performing a wavelet transform comprises performing a first rounding scheme when the first of the non-linearities is selected and a second rounding scheme when a second of the non-linearities is selected.
Claim 53
Dependent Claim
30 words
The method defined in claim 38 further comprising: decoding the compressed data; and inverse filtering a plurality of coefficients resulting from decoding the compressed data using a reversible wavelet transform.
Claim 54
Dependent Claim
18 words
The method defined in claim 38 wherein performing a wavelet transform comprises selecting an offset to control rounding.
Claim 55
Dependent Claim
22 words
The method defined in claim 42 wherein the offset changes when rounding is used less to maintain reversibility of the wavelet transform.
Claim 56
Dependent Claim
15 words
The method defined in claim 38 wherein the wavelet transform comprises a reversible Two-Six transform.
Claim 57
Dependent Claim
15 words
The method defined in claim 38 wherein the wavelet transform comprises a reversible Three-Five transform.
Claim 58
Dependent Claim
20 words
The method defined in claim 38 wherein the wavelet transform comprises a low pass filter and a high pass filter.
Claim 59
Dependent Claim
18 words
The method defined in claim 46 wherein the offset modifies the integer arithmetic implementation of the high-pass filter.
Claim 60
Dependent Claim
62 words
An article of manufacture having a recordable medium with executable instruction stored thereon which, when executed by a processing device, cause the processing device to: perform a wavelet transform on input data with dynamically selectable nonlinearities to maintain reversibility, wherein the dynamically selectable nonlinearities comprise a plurality of offset; and encode coefficients generated from performing the wavelet transform to create compressed data.
Claim 61
Dependent Claim
62 words
An article of manufacture having a recordable medium with executable instruction stored thereon which, when executed by a processing device, cause the processing device to: perform a wavelet transform on input data with dynamically selectable nonlinearities to maintain reversibility, wherein the dynamically selectable nonlinearities comprise a plurality of offset; and encode coefficients generated from performing the wavelet transform to create compressed data.
Claim 62
Dependent Claim
13 words
The article defined in claim 48 wherein the dynamically selectable nonlinearities control rounding.
Claim 63
Dependent Claim
41 words
The article defined in claim 48 further comprising instructions to cause the processing device to perform a first rounding scheme when the first of the non-linearities is selected and a second rounding scheme when a second of the non-linearities is selected.
Claim 64
Dependent Claim
37 words
The article defined in claim 48 further comprising instructions to cause the processing device to: decode the compressed data; and inverse filter a plurality of coefficients resulting from decoding the compressed data using a reversible wavelet transform.
Claim 65
Dependent Claim
21 words
The article defined in claim 48 further comprising instructions to cause the processing device to select an offset to control rounding.
Claim 66
Dependent Claim
22 words
The article defined in claim 52 wherein the offset changes when rounding is used less to maintain reversibility of the wavelet transform.
Claim 67
Dependent Claim
15 words
The article defined in claim 48 wherein the wavelet transform comprises a reversible Two-Six transform.
Claim 68
Dependent Claim
15 words
The article defined in claim 48 wherein the wavelet transform comprises a reversible Three-Five transform.
Claim 69
Dependent Claim
20 words
The article defined in claim 48 wherein the wavelet transform comprises a low pass filter and a high pass filter.
Claim 70
Dependent Claim
18 words
The article defined in claim 56 wherein the offset modifies the integer arithmetic implementation of the high-pass filter.
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