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US5972829A
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Internal combustion engines, fluid fuel reforming ceramic catalyst and transporting and power-generating means employing them
Assignee: Individual
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Filing: 1997-08-07
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Granted: 1999-10-26
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Expires: 2017-08-07
Abstract
Abstract A catalyst for improving combustion of fluid fuels which comprises three layers. An inner or core layer of complex oxides of a mixture of Mn, Ni, Co and Cu; an intermediate layer containing alumina and silicate and optionally silicon carbide and an outer layer comprising a fired mixture of a Pt--Pd,Rh alloy on Al 2 O 3 , Mo--Al 2 O 3 , mixed oxides of La--Sr--Co and at least one of Vanadium oxide on alumina and Ag on Alumina. The catalyst can contact the fluid fuel in a storage tank, in a pipeline or in a combustion chamber. The invention also comprises combustion engines which incorporate the described catalyst.
Inventors
- 👤 Shoji Ichimura
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-11-04 09:11
CPC Classifications
B; B01; B01J; B01J37/00; B01J37/02; B01J37/024; B01J37/0244; B01J23/00; B01J23/70; B01J23/89; B01J23/8933; B01J23/8993; B01J37/0215; B01J37/0221
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 22
Claim 1
Independent Claim
101 words
A catalyst for modifying the combustion properties of a fluid fuel which comprises: (a) a core or inner layer consisting essentially of complex oxides of transition metals comprising Mn, Ni, Co and Cu; (b) an intermediate layer comprising an alumina-based silicate ceramic comprising alumina, silicate and optionally silicon carbide; (c) an outer layer comprising a ceramic containing a fired mixture of a Pt--Pd--Rh alloy and Al 2 O 3 , Mo and Al 2 O 3 a mixed oxide of La--Sr--Co and at least one of V oxide on Al 2 O 3 and Ag on Al 2 O 3 .
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
101 words
A catalyst for modifying the combustion properties of a fluid fuel which comprises: (a) a core or inner layer consisting essentially of complex oxides of transition metals comprising Mn, Ni, Co and Cu; (b) an intermediate layer comprising an alumina-based silicate ceramic comprising alumina, silicate and optionally silicon carbide; (c) an outer layer comprising a ceramic containing a fired mixture of a Pt--Pd--Rh alloy and Al 2 O 3 , Mo and Al 2 O 3 a mixed oxide of La--Sr--Co and at least one of V oxide on Al 2 O 3 and Ag on Al 2 O 3 .
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
24 words
The catalyst of claim 1 wherein three layers are sufficiently porous to permit the fluid fuel to contact the three layers of the catalyst.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
23 words
The catalyst of claim 2 wherein each of the three layers independently has a thickness of from about 0.5 to about 3 mm.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
47 words
The catalyst of claim 1 wherein the core or inner layer is formed by firing a mixture which consists essentially of about 40 to about 70 parts by weight MnO 2 and about 10 to about 20 parts by weight of each of NiO, CoO and CuO.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
42 words
The catalyst of claim 1 wherein the intermediate layer is formed by firing a mixture comprising from about 10 to about 80 parts by weight of Al 2 O 3 and about 10 to about 30 parts by weight of a silicate.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
27 words
The catalyst of claim 5 wherein the silicate comprises at least one member selected from the group consisting of aluminum silicate, and alumina and silica containing clay.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
172 words
The catalyst of claim 1 wherein the outer layer is formed by firing a mixture comprising from about 15 to about 25 parts by weight of each of (a) fired mixture of Al 2 O 3 and an alloy containing Pt, Pd and Rh in a weight ratio of Pt:Pd of from about 7:1 to about 5:3, a weight ratio of Pt:Rh of from about 7:1 to about 5:3 and a weight ratio of Pd to Rh of from about 4:6 to about 1:1; (b) Mo carried by Al 2 O 3 in a ratio by weight of 3:1 to about 1:3; (c) a fired mixture of lanthanium oxide, strontum oxide and cobalt oxide in a mole ratio of about 3:1:2 to about 1:3:6; (d) at least one member selected from the group consisting of vanadium oxide carried on Al 2 O 3 in a weight ratio of from about 1:3 to about 1:18 and silver carried on Al 2 O 3 in a weight ratio of about 1:3 to about 1:18.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
10 words
The catalyst of claim 1 in a substantially spherical form.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
15 words
The catalyst of claim 1 in the form of a layer on a non-catalytic substrate.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
40 words
The catalyst of claim 1 wherein (a) consists essentially of a fired mixture of about 54 parts MnO 2 by weight, about 15 parts Nio by weight, about 15 parts CoO by weight and about 16 parts CuO by weight.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
34 words
The catalyst of claim 1 wherein (b) consists essentially of a fired mixture of about 85 parts alumina by weight, about 5 parts kaolin by weight, and about 10 parts silicon carbide by weight.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
143 words
The catalyst of claim 1 wherein (c) consists essentially of a fired mixture of about 20 parts by weight of a fired mixture of about 50 parts by weight of Al 2 O 3 and about 50 parts by weight of the Pt, Pd, Rh alloy having a Pt, Pd, Rh ratio by weight of 3:1:1; about 120 parts by weight of a Mo--Al 2 O 3 composition in a weight ratio of Mo to Al 2 O 3 of about 1:1; about 20 parts by weight of vanadium oxide and Al 2 O 3 in a weight ratio of vanadium oxide Al 2 3 of about 1:9; about 20 parts by weight of Ag--Al 2 O 3 in a weight ratio of about 1:9; and about 20 parts by weight of a mixed oxide of La 0 .5 --Sr 0 .5 --Co.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
23 words
A method for improving the combustion properties of a fluid fuel which comprises contacting the fluid fuel with the catalyst of claim 1.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
22 words
The method of claim 13 wherein the fluid fuel is contacted with the catalyst in a storage zone for the fluid fuel.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
26 words
The method of claim 13 wherein the fluid fuel is contacted with the catalyst in a passage zone between a storage zone and a combustion zone.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
18 words
The method of claim 13 wherein the fluid fuel is contacted with the catalyst in a combustion zone.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
20 words
An internal combustion engine comprising a contact zone wherein a fluid fuel is contacted with the catalyst of claim 1.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
22 words
The internal combustion engine of claim 17 wherein the contact zone comprises a catalyst of claim 1 arranged in the combustion zone.
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
14 words
The internal combustion engine of claim 18 wherein the engine is a piston engine.
Claim 21
Dependent Claim
22 words
The internal combustion engine of claim 19 wherein the catalyst is arranged on a surface of a piston facing the combustion zone.
Claim 22
Dependent Claim
30 words
The internal combustion engine of claim 18 wherein the engine is a turbine engine and the catalyst is arranged as a coating on an internal surface of a combustion zone.
References Cited (Backward Citations)
US5763351A
Cited
USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 2002-10-25 | 2003-04-26 | 2003-10-26 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 2006-10-25 | 2007-04-26 | 2007-10-26 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 2010-10-25 | 2011-04-26 | 2011-10-26 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |