US5940429A
Expired / Lapsed
US
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Cross-term compensation power adjustment of embedded auxiliary data in a primary data signal
Assignee: Verance Corp
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Filing: 1997-02-25
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Granted: 1999-08-17
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Expires: 2017-02-25
Abstract
Abstract An auxiliary data signal is transported with a primary data signal by hiding the auxiliary data signal in the form of colored noise. The colored noise has a spectrum that simulates the spectrum of the primary data signal. By adjusting the gain of individual spread spectrum signal carrier(s) and the power of the colored noise, the auxiliary information stream(s) can be rendered at any desired level below or above an interference threshold in the primary data signal. The power of the colored noise is further compensated to account for a cross-correlation between the primary data signal and the auxiliary data signal to enhance the recovery of the auxiliary data at a decoder.
Inventors
- 👤 S. Katherine Lam
- 👤 Chong U. Lee
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-11-09 13:49
CPC Classifications
G; G10; G10L; G10L19/00; G10L19/018; H; H04; H04B; H04B1/00; H04B1/66; H04B1/665; H04B1/69; H04B1/707
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 60
Claim 1
Independent Claim
79 words
A method for adjusting the power of an auxiliary data signal which is carried with a primary data signal, comprising the steps of: providing a cross-term compensation signal which is indicative of a cross-correlation between said auxiliary data signal and said primary data signal; and adjusting a power of said auxiliary data signal according to said cross-term compensation signal and a desired signal-to-noise ratio to provide said power as a fraction of a power of said primary data signal.
Claim 2
Independent Claim
79 words
A method for adjusting the power of an auxiliary data signal which is carried with a primary data signal, comprising the steps of: providing a cross-term compensation signal which is indicative of a cross-correlation between said auxiliary data signal and said primary data signal; and adjusting a power of said auxiliary data signal according to said cross-term compensation signal and a desired signal-to-noise ratio to provide said power as a fraction of a power of said primary data signal.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
19 words
The method of claim 1, comprising the further step of: limiting said cross-term compensation signal to a predetermined range.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
33 words
The method of claim 1, comprising the further steps of: determining an average amplitude of said primary data signal; and adjusting the power of said auxiliary data signal according to said average amplitude.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
19 words
The method of claim 1, comprising the further step of: floor-limiting the power adjustment of said auxiliary data signal.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
41 words
The method of claim 1, comprising the further steps of: determining an average amplitude of said primary data signal; and adjusting the power of said auxiliary data signal according to a product of said average amplitude and said desired signal-to-noise ratio.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
33 words
The method of claim 5, comprising the further step of: limiting a magnitude of said cross-term compensation signal to a magnitude of said product of said average amplitude and said desired signal-to-noise ratio.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
36 words
The method of claim 1, wherein: said auxiliary data signal is obtained by modulating a pseudorandom noise carrier by auxiliary information to provide a spread spectrum signal carrying said auxiliary information on a carrier portion thereof.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
20 words
The method of claim 1, wherein: said auxiliary data signal is modulated according to a binary phase-shift keying (BPSK) technique.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
26 words
The method of claim 1, comprising the further step of: spectrally shaping said auxiliary data signal according to a spectral shape of said primary data signal.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
53 words
The method of claim 9, comprising the further steps of: performing time domain analysis of said primary data signal; and performing time domain synthesis responsive to said time domain analysis to provide a synthesis filter; wherein said spectrally shaping step comprises the step of filtering said auxiliary data signal using said synthesis filter.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
53 words
The method of claim 9, comprising the further steps of: performing frequency domain analysis of said primary data signal; and performing frequency domain synthesis responsive to said frequency domain analysis to provide a synthesis filter; wherein said spectrally shaping step comprises the step of filtering said auxiliary data signal using said synthesis filter.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
35 words
The method of claim 1, wherein: said primary data signal comprises audio data; and said desired signal-to-noise ratio is provided such that said auxiliary data signal is carried substantially inaudibly in said primary data signal.
Claim 14
Independent Claim
66 words
An apparatus for adjusting the power of an auxiliary data signal which is carried with a primary data signal, comprising: cross-term compensation (CTC) calculation means for providing a cross-term compensation signal which is indicative of a cross-correlation between said auxiliary data signal and said primary data signal; and a power adjuster for adjusting the power of said auxiliary data signal according to said cross-term compensation signal.
Claim 15
Independent Claim
66 words
An apparatus for adjusting the power of an auxiliary data signal which is carried with a primary data signal, comprising: cross-term compensation (CTC) calculation means for providing a cross-term compensation signal which is indicative of a cross-correlation between said auxiliary data signal and said primary data signal; and a power adjuster for adjusting the power of said auxiliary data signal according to said cross-term compensation signal.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
19 words
The apparatus of claim 13, further comprising: limiting means for limiting said cross-term compensation signal to a predetermined range.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
48 words
The apparatus of claim 13, further comprising: an average amplitude estimation means for determining an average amplitude of said primary data signal; wherein: said power adjuster is responsive to said average amplitude estimation means for adjusting the power of said auxiliary data signal according to said average amplitude.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
20 words
The apparatus of claim 13, further comprising: a floor limiter for floor-limiting the power adjustment of said auxiliary data signal.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
69 words
The apparatus of claim 13, further comprising: an average amplitude estimation means for determining an average amplitude of said primary data signal; a multiplier for determining a product of said average amplitude and a desired signal-to-noise ratio of said auxiliary data signal in said primary data signal; wherein: said power adjuster is responsive to said multiplier for adjusting the power of said auxiliary data signal according to said product.
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
34 words
The apparatus of claim 17, wherein: said cross-term compensation calculation means limits a magnitude of said cross-term compensation signal to a magnitude of said product of said average amplitude and said desired signal-to-noise ratio.
Claim 21
Dependent Claim
38 words
The apparatus of claim 13, further comprising: a modulator for modulating a pseudorandom noise carrier by auxiliary information to provide said auxiliary data signal as a spread spectrum signal carrying said auxiliary information on a carrier portion thereof.
Claim 22
Dependent Claim
20 words
The apparatus of claim 13, wherein: said auxiliary data signal is modulated according to a binary phase-shift keying (BPSK) technique.
Claim 23
Dependent Claim
25 words
The apparatus of claim 13, further comprising: means for spectrally shaping said auxiliary data signal according to a spectral shape of said primary data signal.
Claim 24
Dependent Claim
57 words
The apparatus of claim 21, further comprising: means for performing time domain analysis of said primary data signal; and means for performing time domain synthesis responsive to said time domain analysis to provide a synthesis filter; wherein said spectrally shaping means comprises said synthesis filter for filtering said auxiliary data signal to provide said spectral shaping thereof.
Claim 25
Dependent Claim
56 words
The apparatus of claim 21, further comprising: means for performing frequency domain analysis of said primary data signal; and means for performing frequency domain synthesis responsive to said frequency domain analysis to provide a synthesis filter; wherein said spectrally shaping means comprises said synthesis filter for filtering said auxiliary data to provide said spectral shaping thereof.
Claim 26
Dependent Claim
27 words
The apparatus of claim 13, wherein: said primary data signal comprises audio data; and said auxiliary data signal is carried substantially inaudibly in said primary data signal.
Claim 27
Dependent Claim
21 words
The method of claim 1, wherein: said auxiliary data signal comprises information indicative of a content of said primary data signal.
Claim 28
Dependent Claim
23 words
The method of claim 1, wherein: said auxiliary data signal comprises information for effecting a copy protection scheme for said primary data signal.
Claim 29
Dependent Claim
20 words
The method of claim 1, wherein: said auxiliary data signal is provided as white noise in said primary data signal.
Claim 30
Dependent Claim
21 words
The apparatus of claim 13, wherein: said auxiliary data signal comprises information indicative of a content of said primary data signal.
Claim 31
Dependent Claim
23 words
The apparatus of claim 13, wherein: said auxiliary data signal comprises information for effecting a copy protection scheme for said primary data signal.
Claim 32
Dependent Claim
20 words
The apparatus of claim 13, wherein: said auxiliary data signal is provided as white noise in said primary data signal.
Claim 33
Dependent Claim
43 words
The apparatus of claim 13, wherein: said power adjuster adjusts the power of said auxiliary data signal according to a desired signal-to-noise ratio to provide the power of said auxiliary data signal as a fraction of a power of said primary data signal.
Claim 34
Independent Claim
68 words
A method for adjusting the power of an auxiliary data signal which is carried with a primary data signal, comprising the steps of: providing a cross-term compensation signal which is indicative of a cross-correlation between said auxiliary data signal and said primary data signal; adjusting a power of said auxiliary data signal according to said cross-term compensation signal; and limiting said cross-term compensation signal to a predetermined range.
Claim 35
Independent Claim
68 words
A method for adjusting the power of an auxiliary data signal which is carried with a primary data signal, comprising the steps of: providing a cross-term compensation signal which is indicative of a cross-correlation between said auxiliary data signal and said primary data signal; adjusting a power of said auxiliary data signal according to said cross-term compensation signal; and limiting said cross-term compensation signal to a predetermined range.
Claim 36
Independent Claim
72 words
A method for adjusting the power of an auxiliary data signal which is carried with a primary data signal, comprising the steps of: providing a cross-term compensation signal which is indicative of a cross-correlation between said auxiliary data signal and said primary data signal; determining an average amplitude of said primary data signal; and adjusting a power of said auxiliary data signal according to said cross-term compensation signal and said average amplitude.
Claim 37
Independent Claim
72 words
A method for adjusting the power of an auxiliary data signal which is carried with a primary data signal, comprising the steps of: providing a cross-term compensation signal which is indicative of a cross-correlation between said auxiliary data signal and said primary data signal; determining an average amplitude of said primary data signal; and adjusting a power of said auxiliary data signal according to said cross-term compensation signal and said average amplitude.
Claim 38
Independent Claim
68 words
A method for adjusting the power of an auxiliary data signal which is carried with a primary data signal, comprising the steps of: providing a cross-term compensation signal which is indicative of a cross-correlation between said auxiliary data signal and said primary data signal; adjusting a power of said auxiliary data signal according to said cross-term compensation signal; and floor-limiting the power adjustment of said auxiliary data signal.
Claim 39
Independent Claim
68 words
A method for adjusting the power of an auxiliary data signal which is carried with a primary data signal, comprising the steps of: providing a cross-term compensation signal which is indicative of a cross-correlation between said auxiliary data signal and said primary data signal; adjusting a power of said auxiliary data signal according to said cross-term compensation signal; and floor-limiting the power adjustment of said auxiliary data signal.
Claim 40
Independent Claim
82 words
A method for adjusting the power of an auxiliary data signal which is carried with a primary data signal, comprising the steps of: providing a cross-term compensation signal which is indicative of a cross-correlation between said auxiliary data signal and said primary data signal; determining an average amplitude of said primary data signal; and adjusting the power of said auxiliary data signal according to a product of said average amplitude and a desired signal-to-noise ratio, and according to said cross-term compensation signal.
Claim 41
Independent Claim
82 words
A method for adjusting the power of an auxiliary data signal which is carried with a primary data signal, comprising the steps of: providing a cross-term compensation signal which is indicative of a cross-correlation between said auxiliary data signal and said primary data signal; determining an average amplitude of said primary data signal; and adjusting the power of said auxiliary data signal according to a product of said average amplitude and a desired signal-to-noise ratio, and according to said cross-term compensation signal.
Claim 42
Dependent Claim
33 words
The method of claim 35, comprising the further step of: limiting a magnitude of said cross-term compensation signal to a magnitude of said product of said average amplitude and said desired signal-to-noise ratio.
Claim 43
Independent Claim
75 words
A method for adjusting the power of an auxiliary data signal which is carried with a primary data signal, comprising the steps of: providing a cross-term compensation signal which is indicative of a cross-correlation between said auxiliary data signal and said primary data signal; adjusting a power of said auxiliary data signal according to said cross-term compensation signal; and spectrally shaping said auxiliary data signal according to a spectral shape of said primary data signal.
Claim 44
Independent Claim
75 words
A method for adjusting the power of an auxiliary data signal which is carried with a primary data signal, comprising the steps of: providing a cross-term compensation signal which is indicative of a cross-correlation between said auxiliary data signal and said primary data signal; adjusting a power of said auxiliary data signal according to said cross-term compensation signal; and spectrally shaping said auxiliary data signal according to a spectral shape of said primary data signal.
Claim 45
Independent Claim
104 words
An apparatus for adjusting the power of an auxiliary data signal which is carried with a primary data signal, comprising: a cross-term compensation (CTC) calculator; and a power adjuster associated with said CTC calculator; wherein: said CTC calculator provides a cross-term compensation signal which is indicative of a cross-correlation between said auxiliary data signal and said primary data signal; and said power adjuster adjusts a power of said auxiliary data signal according to said cross-term compensation signal, and according to a desired signal-to-noise ratio to provide the power of said auxiliary data signal as a fraction of a power of said primary data signal.
Claim 46
Independent Claim
104 words
An apparatus for adjusting the power of an auxiliary data signal which is carried with a primary data signal, comprising: a cross-term compensation (CTC) calculator; and a power adjuster associated with said CTC calculator; wherein: said CTC calculator provides a cross-term compensation signal which is indicative of a cross-correlation between said auxiliary data signal and said primary data signal; and said power adjuster adjusts a power of said auxiliary data signal according to said cross-term compensation signal, and according to a desired signal-to-noise ratio to provide the power of said auxiliary data signal as a fraction of a power of said primary data signal.
Claim 47
Dependent Claim
29 words
The apparatus of claim 38, further comprising: a limiter operatively associated with said CTC calculator; said limiter being adapted to limit said cross-term compensation signal to a predetermined range.
Claim 48
Dependent Claim
52 words
The apparatus of claim 38, further comprising: an estimator operatively associated with said CTC calculator; said estimator being adapted to determine an average amplitude of said primary data signal; wherein: said power adjuster is responsive to said estimator for adjusting the power of said auxiliary data signal according to said average amplitude.
Claim 49
Dependent Claim
31 words
The apparatus of claim 38, further comprising: a floor limiter operatively associated with said CTC calculator; said floor limited being adapted to floor-limit the power adjustment of said auxiliary data signal.
Claim 50
Dependent Claim
76 words
The apparatus of claim 38, further comprising: an estimator operatively associated with said CTC calculator; said estimator being adapted to determine an average amplitude of said primary data signal; and a multiplier coupled to said estimator; wherein: said multiplier is adapted to determine a product of said average amplitude and said desired signal-to-noise ratio; and said power adjuster is responsive to said multiplier for adjusting the power of said auxiliary data signal according to said product.
Claim 51
Dependent Claim
35 words
The apparatus of claim 42, wherein: said CTC calculator is adapted to limit a magnitude of said cross-term compensation signal to a magnitude of said product of said average amplitude and said desired signal-to-noise ratio.
Claim 52
Dependent Claim
48 words
The apparatus of claim 38, further comprising: a modulator coupled to said second terminal; said modulator being adapted to modulate said carrier by auxiliary information to provide said auxiliary data signal as a spread spectrum signal carrying said auxiliary information; wherein said carrier is a pseudorandom noise carrier.
Claim 53
Dependent Claim
20 words
The apparatus of claim 38, wherein: said auxiliary data signal is modulated according to a binary phase-shift keying (BPSK) technique.
Claim 54
Dependent Claim
39 words
The apparatus of claim 38, further comprising: a shaping filter coupled to said first and second terminal; said shaping filter being adapted to spectrally shape said auxiliary data signal according to a spectral shape of said primary data signal.
Claim 55
Dependent Claim
61 words
The apparatus of claim 46, further comprising: means coupled to said first terminal for performing time domain analysis of said primary data signal; and means for performing time domain synthesis responsive to said time domain analysis to provide a synthesis filter; wherein said shaping filter comprises said synthesis filter for filtering said auxiliary data signal to provide said spectral shaping thereof.
Claim 56
Dependent Claim
60 words
The apparatus of claim 46, further comprising: means coupled to said first terminal for performing frequency domain analysis of said primary data signal; and means for performing frequency domain synthesis responsive to said frequency domain analysis to provide a synthesis filter; wherein said shaping filter comprises said synthesis filter for filtering said auxiliary data to provide said spectral shaping thereof.
Claim 57
Dependent Claim
35 words
The apparatus of claim 38, wherein: said primary data signal comprises audio data; and said desired signal-to-noise ratio is provided such that said auxiliary data signal is carried substantially inaudibly in said primary data signal.
Claim 58
Dependent Claim
21 words
The apparatus of claim 38, wherein: said auxiliary data signal comprises information indicative of a content of said primary data signal.
Claim 59
Dependent Claim
23 words
The apparatus of claim 38, wherein: said auxiliary data signal comprises information for effecting a copy protection scheme for said primary data signal.
Claim 60
Dependent Claim
20 words
The apparatus of claim 38, wherein: said auxiliary data signal is provided as white noise in said primary data signal.
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| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
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| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 2002-08-16 | 2003-02-15 | 2003-08-17 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 2006-08-16 | 2007-02-15 | 2007-08-17 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 2010-08-16 | 2011-02-15 | 2011-08-17 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |