Simultaneous transmission of data and audio signals by means of perceptual coding

Claim 2

Apparatus for encoding a data signal to be transmitted simultaneously with an audio signal such that said encoded data signal is masked by said audio signal, the apparatus comprising: means for monitoring said audio signal to determine a perceptual entropy envelope thereof, said monitoring means generating control signals indicative of said determined perceptual entropy envelope; means responsive to said control signals for encoding said data signal as an frequency shift key (FSK) modulated signal and for outputting said FSK modulated signal at times, frequencies and levels falling within said determined perceptual entropy envelope of said audio signal such that when combined with said audio signal, said FSK modulated signal is masked by said audio signal; and means for combining said audio signal with said FSK modulated signal to form a composite signal.

Claim 3

The apparatus of claim 1 further comprising means responsive to said control signals for encoding said data signal as a spread spectrum signal and for outputting said spread spectrum signal at times, frequencies and levels falling within said detected perceptual entropy envelope of said audio signal such that when combined with said audio signal, said transmitted spread spectrum signal is masked by said audio signal, wherein said means for combining further combines said spread spectrum signal with said FSK modulated signal and said audio signal.

Claim 4

The apparatus of claim 2 wherein said spread spectrum encoding means comprises: means for merging said data signal modulo-2 with a pseudo noise (PN) code; and means for adding a PN header signal to each frame of said data signal.

Claim 5

The apparatus of claim 1 wherein said monitoring means comprises an artificial neural network.

Claim 6

The apparatus of claim 4 wherein said monitoring means further comprises: a clock control circuit connected to an first output of said neural network for generating control signals to control the transmission frequency of said encoded data signal; a level control circuit connected to an second output of said neural network for generating control signals to control the level of said encoded data signal; and a burst timing circuit connected to an third output of said neural network for generating control signals to control the timing of transmission of said encoded data signal.

Claim 7

The apparatus of claim 1 wherein said monitoring means comprises means for determining the perceptual entropy envelope of said audio signal only in a first group of subbands, wherein each subband in said first group of subbands is proximate to a selected subband, said determining means generating control signals to said FSK modulating means for causing said FSK modulating means to output said FSK modulated signal in said selected subband such that it is masked by said audio signal in at least one subband in said first group of subbands and such that it is the strongest signal in said selected subband.

Claim 8

The apparatus of claim 1 wherein said data signal contains information for identifying at least one of a broadcaster, a program, a network, or an advertiser.

Claim 9

The apparatus of claim 1 further comprising: means for generating said data signal; means connected to receive said data signal from said generating means for encoding said data signal to withstand error hits during transmission using bit interleaving and block encoding techniques and for supplying said data signal to said FSK encoding means.

Claim 10

The apparatus of claim 1 further comprising means for transmitting said composite signal via an audio channel.

Claim 11

The apparatus of claim 1 further comprising means for recording said composite signal on a data storage medium.

Claim 12

Apparatus for encoding a data signal to be transmitted simultaneously with an audio signal such that said data signal is masked by said audio signal, the apparatus comprising: means for monitoring said audio signal to determine a perceptual entropy envelope thereof, said monitoring means generating control signals indicative of said determined perceptual entropy envelope; means responsive to said control signals for encoding said data signal as a spread spectrum signal and for outputting said spread spectrum signal at times, frequencies and levels falling within said determined perceptual entropy envelope of said audio signal such that when combined with said audio signal, said spread spectrum signal is masked by said audio signal; and means for combining said audio signal with said spread spectrum signal to form a composite signal.

Claim 13

Apparatus for encoding a data signal to be transmitted simultaneously with an audio signal such that said data signal is masked by said audio signal, the apparatus comprising: means for monitoring said audio signal to determine a perceptual entropy envelope thereof, said monitoring means generating control signals indicative of said determined perceptual entropy envelope; means responsive to said control signals for encoding said data signal as a spread spectrum signal and for outputting said spread spectrum signal at times, frequencies and levels falling within said determined perceptual entropy envelope of said audio signal such that when combined with said audio signal, said spread spectrum signal is masked by said audio signal; and means for combining said audio signal with said spread spectrum signal to form a composite signal.

Claim 14

The apparatus of claim 11 wherein said encoding means comprises: means for merging said data signal modulo-2 with a pseudo noise (PN) code; and means for adding a PN header signal to each frame of said data signal.

Claim 15

The apparatus of claim 11 further comprising means responsive to said control signals for frequency shift key (FSK) modulating said data signal and for outputting said FSK modulated signal at times, frequencies and levels falling within said detected perceptual entropy envelope of said audio signal such that when combined with said audio signal, said FSK modulated signal is masked by said audio signal, wherein said means for combining further combines said spread spectrum signal with said spread spectrum signal and said audio signal.

Claim 16

The apparatus of claim 11 wherein said monitoring means comprises an artificial neural network.

Claim 17

The apparatus of claim 14 wherein said monitoring means further comprises: a clock control circuit connected to an first output of said neural network for generating control signals to control the transmission frequency and processing gain of said spread spectrum signal; a level control circuit connected to an second output of said neural network for generating control signals to control the level of said spread spectrum signal; and a burst timing circuit connected to an third output of said neural network for generating control signals to control the timing of transmission of said spread spectrum signal.

Claim 18

The apparatus of claim 11 further comprising: means for generating said data signal; means connected to receive said data signal from said generating means for encoding said data signal to withstand error hits during transmission using block encoding and bit interleaving techniques and for supplying said data signal to said FSK modulation means.

Claim 19

The apparatus of claim 11 wherein said data signal contains information for identifying at least one of a broadcaster, a program, a network, or an advertiser.

Claim 20

Apparatus for decoding a data signal containing an information code transmitted simultaneously with an audio signal such that said data signal is masked by said audio signal, wherein prior to transmission, said data signal is encoded as frequency shift key (FSK) modulated signal, a direct sequence spread spectrum (DSSS) signal or both, said encoded data signal being combined with said audio signal to form a composite signal, the apparatus comprising: means for receiving said composite signal from an audio channel; means connected to said receiving means for filtering said received composite signal, wherein passband parameters of said filtering means are dictated by the bandwidth of said audio channel; means connected to an output of said filtering means for demodulating said FSK modulated signal if said encoded data signal comprises an FSK modulated signal; and means connected to said filtering means output for decoding said DSSS signal if said encoded data signal comprises a DSSS signal.

Claim 21

Apparatus for decoding a data signal containing an information code transmitted simultaneously with an audio signal such that said data signal is masked by said audio signal, wherein prior to transmission, said data signal is encoded as frequency shift key (FSK) modulated signal, a direct sequence spread spectrum (DSSS) signal or both, said encoded data signal being combined with said audio signal to form a composite signal, the apparatus comprising: means for receiving said composite signal from an audio channel; means connected to said receiving means for filtering said received composite signal, wherein passband parameters of said filtering means are dictated by the bandwidth of said audio channel; means connected to an output of said filtering means for demodulating said FSK modulated signal if said encoded data signal comprises an FSK modulated signal; and means connected to said filtering means output for decoding said DSSS signal if said encoded data signal comprises a DSSS signal.

Claim 22

The decoder of claim 18 wherein said encoded data signal is transmitted in a partial response mode and first and second fuzzy logic forms of said data signal are output from said FSK demodulating means and said DSSS decoding means, respectively, the decoder further comprising means connected to an output of said FSK demodulating means and to an output of said DSSS decoding means for recovering said information code from said first and second fuzzy logic data signals using pattern recognition techniques.

Claim 23

The apparatus of claim 18 wherein said means for decoding said DSSS signal comprises: means for synchronizing the phase of a clock signal with the phase of said DSSS signal and for outputting said synchronized clock signal; and means connected to receive said synchronized clock signal for merging said DSSS signal modulo-2 with a pseudo-noise (PN) code used to encode the data signal.

Claim 24

The apparatus of claim 18 further comprising a data storage unit connected to an output of said FSK demodulating means and to an output of said DSSS decoding means.

Claim 25

The apparatus of claim 19 further comprising a data storage unit connected to an output of said recovering means for temporarily storing said recovered information code.

Claim 26

The apparatus of claim 19 wherein said recovering means comprises an artificial neural network.

Claim 27

A communications system for enabling the simultaneous transmission of a data signal and an audio signal via an audio channel such that said data signal is masked by said audio signal, the system comprising: means for monitoring said audio signal to determine a perceptual entropy envelope thereof, said monitoring means generating control signals indicative of said determined perceptual entropy envelope; means responsive to said control signals for encoding said data signal as an frequency shift key (FSK) modulated signal and for outputting said FSK modulated signal at times, frequencies and levels falling within said determined perceptual entropy envelope of said audio signal such that when combined with said audio signal, said FSK modulated signal is masked by said audio signal; means responsive to said control signals for encoding said data signal as a spread spectrum signal and for outputting said spread spectrum signal at times, frequencies and levels falling within said determined perceptual entropy envelope of said audio signal such that when combined with said audio signal, said spread spectrum signal is masked by said audio signal; means for combining said audio signal, said FSK modulated signal and said spread spectrum signal to form a composite signal; means for transmitting said composite signal via said audio channel; means for receiving said transmitted composite signal from said audio channel; means connected to said receiving means for demodulating said FSK modulated signal of said received composite signal; means connected to said receiving means for decoding said spread spectrum signal of said received composite signal; and means connected to an output of said demodulating means and to an output of said decoding means for recovering an information code from said demodulated FSK signal and said decoded spread spectrum signal using pattern recognition techniques.

Claim 28

A communications system for enabling the simultaneous transmission of a data signal and an audio signal via an audio channel such that said data signal is masked by said audio signal, the system comprising: means for monitoring said audio signal to determine a perceptual entropy envelope thereof, said monitoring means generating control signals indicative of said determined perceptual entropy envelope; means responsive to said control signals for encoding said data signal as an frequency shift key (FSK) modulated signal and for outputting said FSK modulated signal at times, frequencies and levels falling within said determined perceptual entropy envelope of said audio signal such that when combined with said audio signal, said FSK modulated signal is masked by said audio signal; means responsive to said control signals for encoding said data signal as a spread spectrum signal and for outputting said spread spectrum signal at times, frequencies and levels falling within said determined perceptual entropy envelope of said audio signal such that when combined with said audio signal, said spread spectrum signal is masked by said audio signal; means for combining said audio signal, said FSK modulated signal and said spread spectrum signal to form a composite signal; means for transmitting said composite signal via said audio channel; means for receiving said transmitted composite signal from said audio channel; means connected to said receiving means for demodulating said FSK modulated signal of said received composite signal; means connected to said receiving means for decoding said spread spectrum signal of said received composite signal; and means connected to an output of said demodulating means and to an output of said decoding means for recovering an information code from said demodulated FSK signal and said decoded spread spectrum signal using pattern recognition techniques.

Claim 29

The system of claim 24 wherein said encoded data signal is transmitted in a partial response mode, such that said FSK demodulating means and said DSSS decoding means output first and second fuzzy logic forms of said data signal, respectively, the system further comprising means connected to outputs of said FSK demodulating means and said DSSS decoding means for recovering said information code from said first and second fuzzy logic data signals using pattern recognition techniques.

Claim 30

The system of claim 24 further comprising means connected to said receiving means for filtering said received composite signal, wherein the passband parameters of said filtering means are dictated by the bandwidth of said audio channel.

Claim 31

The system of claim 24 wherein said monitoring means comprises an artificial neural network.

Claim 32

The system of claim 27 wherein said monitoring means further comprises: a clock control circuit connected to an first output of said neural network for generating control signals to control the transmission frequency and processing gain of said FSK modulated signal and said spread spectrum signal; a level control circuit connected to an second output of said neural network for generating control signals to control the level of said FSK modulated signal and said spread spectrum signal; and a burst timing circuit connected to an third output of said neural network for generating control signals to control the timing of transmission of said FSK modulated signal and said spread spectrum signal.

Claim 33

The system of claim 24 wherein said monitoring means comprises means for determining the perceptual entropy envelope of said audio signal only in a first group of subbands, wherein each subband in said first group of subbands is proximate to a selected subband, said determining means generating control signals to said FSK modulating means for causing said FSK modulating means to output said FSK modulated signal in said selected subband such that it is masked by said audio signal in at least one subband in said first group of subbands and such that it is the strongest signal in said selected subband.

Claim 34

The system of claim 24 further comprising: means for generating said data signal; means connected to receive said data signal from said generating means for encoding said data signal to withstand error hits during transmission using bit interleaving and block encoding techniques and for supplying said data signal to said FSK encoding means.

Claim 35

The system of claim 24 wherein said spread spectrum encoding means comprises: means for merging said data signal modulo-2 with a pseudo noise (PN) code; and means for adding a PN header signal to each frame of said data signal.

Claim 36

The system of claim 24 wherein said means for decoding said DSSS signal comprises: means for synchronizing the phase of a clock signal with the phase of said DSSS signal and for outputting said synchronized clock signal; and means connected to receive said synchronized clock signal for merging said DSSS signal modulo-2 with said pseudo-noise (PN) code.

Claim 37

The system of claim 24 wherein said recovering means comprises an artificial neural network.

Claim 38

The system of claim 24 further comprising a data storage unit connected to an output of said recovering means for temporarily storing said information code.

Claim 39

The system of claim 24 wherein said data signal contains information for identifying at least one of a broadcaster, a program, a network, or an advertiser.

Claim 42

The method of claim 36 further comprising: responsive to said control signals, encoding said data signal as a spread spectrum signal; and outputting said spread spectrum signal at times, frequencies and levels falling within said determined perceptual entropy envelope of said audio signal such that when combined with said audio signal, said spread spectrum signal is masked by said audio signal; wherein said combining further comprises combining said spread spectrum signal with said FSK modulated signal and said audio signal.

Claim 43

The method of claim 37 wherein said spread spectrum encoding comprises: merging said data signal modulo-2 with a pseudo noise (PN) code; and adding a PN header signal to each frame of said data signal.

Claim 44

The method of claim 36 wherein said generating comprises: generating control signals to control the transmission frequency of said encoded data signal; generating control signals to control the level of said encoded data signal; and generating control signals to control the timing of transmission of said encoded data signal.

Claim 45

The method of claim 36 wherein said monitoring further comprises: determining the perceptual entropy envelope of said audio signal only in a first group of subbands, wherein each subband in said first group of subbands is proximate to a selected subband; and generating control signals to said FSK modulating means for causing said FSK modulating means to output said FSK modulated signal in said selected subband such that it is masked by said audio signal in at least one subband in said first group of subbands and such that it is the strongest signal in said selected subband.

Claim 46

The method of claim 36 further comprising: generating said data signal; encoding said data signal to withstand error hits during transmission using bit interleaving and block encoding techniques prior to said FSK encoding.

Claim 47

The method of claim 36 further comprising transmitting said composite signal via an audio channel.

Claim 48

The method of claim 36 further comprising recording said composite signal on a data storage medium.

Claim 49

The method of claim 36 wherein said monitoring is performed by an artificial neural network.

Claim 50

The method of claim 36 wherein said data signal contains information for identifying at least one of a broadcaster, a program, a network, or an advertiser.

Claim 53

The method of claim 46 wherein said encoding comprises: merging said data signal modulo-2 with a pseudo noise (PN) code; and adding a PN header signal to each frame of said data signal.

Claim 54

The method of claim 46 further comprising, responsive to said control signals, frequency shift key (FSK) modulating said data signal and for outputting said FSK modulated signal at times, frequencies and levels falling within said determined perceptual entropy envelope of said audio signal such that when combined with said audio signal, said FSK modulated signal is masked by said audio signal, wherein said means for combining further combines said spread spectrum signal with said spread spectrum signal and said audio signal.

Claim 55

The method of claim 43 wherein said monitoring further comprises: generating control signals to control the transmission frequency and processing gain of said spread spectrum signal; generating control signals to control the level of said spread spectrum signal; and generating control signals to control the timing of transmission of said spread spectrum signal.

Claim 58

The method of claim 50 wherein said encoded data signal is transmitted in partial response mode, said FSK demodulating and said DSSS decoding produce first and second fuzzy logic forms of said data signal, respectively, the method further comprising recovering said information code from said first and second fuzzy logic data signals using pattern recognition techniques.

Claim 59

The method of claim 50 further comprising temporarily storing said recovered information code.

Claim 60

The method of claim 50 wherein said decoding said DSSS signal comprises: synchronizing the phase of a clock signal with the phase of said DSSS signal and outputting said synchronized clock signal; and merging said DSSS signal modulo-2 with a pseudo-noise (PN) code used to encode the data signal.

Claim 63

The method of claim 54 further comprising filtering said received composite signal, wherein passband parameters of said filtering are dictated by the bandwidth of said audio channel.

Claim 64

The method of claim 54 wherein said spread spectrum encoding comprises: merging said data signal modulo-2 with a pseudo noise (PN) code; and adding a PN header signal to each frame of said data signal.

Claim 65

The system of claim 54 wherein said monitoring further comprises: determining the perceptual entropy envelope of said audio signal only in a first group of subbands, wherein each subband in said first group of subbands is proximate to a selected subband; and responsive to said determining, generating control signals to said FSK modulating means for causing said FSK modulating means to output said FSK modulated signal in said selected subband such that it is masked by said audio signal in at least one subband in said first group of subbands and such that it is the strongest signal in said selected subband.

Claim 66

The method of claim 54 further comprising temporarily storing said information code.

Claim 67

The system of claim 54 wherein said decoding said spread spectrum signal comprises: synchronizing the phase of a clock signal with the phase of said spread spectrum signal and outputting said synchronized clock signal; and merging said DSSS signal modulo-2 with said pseudo-noise (PN) code.