US5853886A
Expired / Lapsed
US
⏱️ 0.0 years remaining
Hybrid nanocomposites comprising layered inorganic material and methods of preparation
Assignee: Claytec Inc
•
Filing: 1996-06-17
•
Granted: 1998-12-29
•
Expires: 2016-06-17
Abstract
Abstract The present invention relates to particulate concentrate compositions formed by intercalation of a polymer polymerizing component into the galleries of a layered inorganic cation exchange composition initially in proton exchanged form and to the use of the particulate concentrates for the preparation of cured polymer-inorganic nanolayer hybrid composite compositions. The polymer polymerizing component comprising the particulate concentrate contains a basic group for reaction with the protons of the inorganic cation exchanger. Also, the polymer polymerizing component contains a functional group for polymerization reaction with a polymer precursor, a mixture of polymer precursors, or a polymer melt which is introduced into the galleries of the inorganic cation exchanger and reacts with the polymer polymerizing component to form a cured polymer-inorganic nanolayer hybrid composite. In the most preferred embodiment of the invention the layered inorganic composition is selected from the family of 2:1 layered silicate cation exchangers.
Inventors
- 👤 Thomas J. Pinnavaia
- 👤 Tie Lan
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-11-06 09:27
CPC Classifications
C; C08; C08K; C08K9/00; C08K9/08; Y; Y10; Y10T; Y10T428/00; Y10T428/29; Y10T428/2982; Y10T428/2991; Y10T428/2993; Y10T428/2998
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 24
Claim 1
Independent Claim
153 words
A particulate composition used to prepare a cured polymer and layered inorganic composition composite which comprises: a polymer polymerizing component which has been intercalated into the particles of a layered inorganic composition with nanolayers and with galleries between the nanolayers wherein: (1) the layered inorganic composition has at least 10% of cation exchange sites occupied by protons as H + prior to being intercalated a remainder being occupied by inorganic ions other than the protons; and (2) the polymer polymerizing component contains at least one basic group for reaction with the protons of the layered inorganic composition, wherein in use of the particulate composition the nanolayers are separated by a polymer precursor or polymer melt which is introduced into the galleries of the inorganic layered composition and reacts with the polymer polymerizing component and wherein the weight ratio of the polymer polymerizing component to layered inorganic composition is between about 1:100 and 100:1.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
153 words
A particulate composition used to prepare a cured polymer and layered inorganic composition composite which comprises: a polymer polymerizing component which has been intercalated into the particles of a layered inorganic composition with nanolayers and with galleries between the nanolayers wherein: (1) the layered inorganic composition has at least 10% of cation exchange sites occupied by protons as H + prior to being intercalated a remainder being occupied by inorganic ions other than the protons; and (2) the polymer polymerizing component contains at least one basic group for reaction with the protons of the layered inorganic composition, wherein in use of the particulate composition the nanolayers are separated by a polymer precursor or polymer melt which is introduced into the galleries of the inorganic layered composition and reacts with the polymer polymerizing component and wherein the weight ratio of the polymer polymerizing component to layered inorganic composition is between about 1:100 and 100:1.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
23 words
The composition of claim 1 wherein the polymer polymerizing component is a monomer or oligomer for the polymer which produces the cured polymer.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
39 words
The composition of claim 1 wherein the layered inorganic composition is selected from the group consisting of a crystalline sheet silicate, a phosphate, an arsenate, a titanate, a vanadate, a niobate, a molybdate, a uranyl compound and a manganate.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
42 words
The composition of claim 1 wherein the polymer polymerizing component for reaction with the polymer precursor or polymer melt is selected from the group consisting of an amine, an amide, an anhydride, an epoxide, an isocyanate, alcohol and a vinyl polymerizing agent.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
39 words
The composition of claim 1 wherein the basic group of the polymer polymerizing component is selected from the group consisting of an amine, an amide, an imide, an epoxide, a hydroxide, a pyridinyl, a pyrrolyl and a vinyl group.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
42 words
The composition of claim 1 with the polymer precursor to be introduced into the galleries provides a cured thermoset polymer selected from the group consisting of an epoxy, a polyurethane, a polyurea, a alkyd, a polysiloxane, a polyester and a polyimide polymer.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
48 words
The composition of claim 1 wherein the polymer precursor to be introduced into the galleries is selected from the group consisting of a diglycidyl ether of bisphenol A epoxide, a diglycidyl ether of bisphenol F epoxide, a Novolac epoxide, a diglycidyl polyalkyleneether epoxide, and a epoxypropoxypropyl terminated polydimethylsiloxane.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
48 words
The composition of claim 1 wherein the polymer polymerizing component is selected from the group consisting of a polyoxypropylene diamine, a polyoxypropylene triamine, a polyamide, and a aminopropyl terminated polydimethysiloxane which provides crosslinking and curing of an epoxy resin and wherein the polymer precursor is an epoxy resin.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
19 words
The composition of claim 1 in which the particles have an average diameter between about 20 and 20,000 nm.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
21 words
The composition of claim 1 wherein the H + is provided in the layered inorganic composition by reaction with an acid.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
28 words
The composition of claim 1 wherein the H + is provided in the inorganic layered inorganic composition by a proton exchange reaction with a protonated cationic exchange resin.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
28 words
The composition of claim 1 wherein the H + is provided in the layered inorganic composition by thermal conversion of an ammonium form of the layered inorganic composition.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
34 words
The composition of any one of claims 1, 10, 11 or 12, wherein the polymer polymerizing component is selected from the group consisting of an amine and an amide for polymerizing an epoxy resin.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
143 words
A particulate composition used to prepare a cured polymer and 2:1 layered silicate hybrid composite which comprises: a polymer polymerizing component which has been intercalated into particles of a 2:1 layered silicate with nanolayers and with galleries between the nanolayers wherein: (i) the 2:1 layered inorganic silicate has cation exchange sites occupied by protons as H + a remainder being occupied by inorganic ions other than the protons; and (ii) the polymer polymerizing component for the polymer precursor contains at least one basic group for reaction with the protons of the layered silicate, wherein in use of the particulate composition the nanolayers are separated by a polymer precursor or polymer melt which is introduced into the galleries of the 2:1 layered silicate wherein the weight ratio of the polymer polymerizing component to the 2:1 layered silicate is in the range 1:100 to 100:1.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
143 words
A particulate composition used to prepare a cured polymer and 2:1 layered silicate hybrid composite which comprises: a polymer polymerizing component which has been intercalated into particles of a 2:1 layered silicate with nanolayers and with galleries between the nanolayers wherein: (i) the 2:1 layered inorganic silicate has cation exchange sites occupied by protons as H + a remainder being occupied by inorganic ions other than the protons; and (ii) the polymer polymerizing component for the polymer precursor contains at least one basic group for reaction with the protons of the layered silicate, wherein in use of the particulate composition the nanolayers are separated by a polymer precursor or polymer melt which is introduced into the galleries of the 2:1 layered silicate wherein the weight ratio of the polymer polymerizing component to the 2:1 layered silicate is in the range 1:100 to 100:1.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
19 words
The composition of claim 14 wherein the polymer polymerizing component and the polymer precursor form a thermoset cured polymer.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
21 words
The composition of claim 14 wherein the polymer polymerizing component and the polymer precursor or polymer melt form a thermoplastic polymer.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
54 words
The composition of claim 16 wherein the thermoplastic polymer is selected from the group consisting of a polyamide, a protein, a polyester, a polyether, a polyurethane, a polysiloxane, a phenol-formaldehyde, a urea-formaldehyde, a melamine-formaldehyde, a cellulose, a polysulfide, a polyacetal, a polyethylene oxide, a polycaprolactam, a polycaprolactone, a polylactide, a polyimide, and a polyolefin.
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
48 words
The composition of claim 14 wherein the cation exchangeable 2:1 layered silicate is selected from the group consisting of a smectite clay, a synthetic smectite derivative, a mixed layered clay, a synthetic mixed layered clay, a vermiculite, a hydromica, a mica, a synthetic mica-like derivative and mixtures thereof.
Claim 21
Dependent Claim
22 words
The composition of claim 14 wherein the H + is provided in the 2:1 layered inorganic silicate by reaction with an acid.
Claim 22
Dependent Claim
28 words
The composition of claim 14 wherein the H + is provided in the 2:1 layered inorganic silicate with a proton exchange reaction with a protonated cationic exchange resin.
Claim 23
Dependent Claim
29 words
The composition of claim 14 wherein the H + is provided in the 2:1 layered inorganic silicate by thermal conversion of an ammonium form of the layered inorganic composition.
Claim 24
Dependent Claim
34 words
The composition of any one of claims 14, 19, 20 and 21, wherein the polymer polymerizing component is selected from the group consisting of an amine and an amide for polymerizing an epoxy resin.
References Cited (Backward Citations)
US3511725A
Cited
US3432370A
Cited
US3847726A
Cited
CA1004859A
Cited
US4376729A
Cited
US4889885A
Cited
US5202295A
Cited
US5032546A
Cited
WO1993004117A1
Cited
WO1993004118A1
Cited
US5747560A
Cited
US5527871A
Cited
US5552469A
Cited
US5698624A
Cited
US5760121A
Cited
US5760106A
Cited
US5726113A
Cited
USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 2001-12-28 | 2002-06-29 | 2002-12-29 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 2005-12-28 | 2006-06-29 | 2006-12-29 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 2009-12-28 | 2010-06-29 | 2010-12-29 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |