US5841498A
Expired / Lapsed
US
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Liquid crystal display devices having a parallel electric field and βO, which is not 0 degrees or 90 degrees
Assignee: Merck Patent GmbH
•
Filing: 1996-04-04
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Granted: 1998-11-24
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Expires: 2016-04-04
Abstract
Abstract An electro-optical display device comprising a liquid crystal layer achieves switching using an electric field component which is predominantly parallel to the surface of the liquid crystal layer. Low dependence of image contrast on viewing angle is achieved by selection of parameters including orientation angle β o , and others, of the liquid crystal molecules in the layer.
Inventors
- 👤 Gunter Baur
- 👤 Waltraud Fehrenbach
- 👤 Barbara Weber Ne Staudacher
- 👤 Friedrich Windscheid
- 👤 Rudolf Kiefer
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-11-03 02:10
CPC Classifications
G; G02; G02F; G02F1/00; G02F1/01; G02F1/13; G02F1/133; G02F1/1333; G02F1/1343; G02F1/134309; G02F1/134363; G02F1/137; G02F1/139; G02F1/1396; G02F2201/00; G02F2201/12; G02F2201/124
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 113
Claim 1
Independent Claim
137 words
An electro-optical display device comprising a plurality of liquid crystal switching elements which comprise a liquid crystal layer comprising liquid crystal molecules and having a surface for display of an image which is switched under control of an electric field having a component predominantly parallel to said surface, wherein said liquid crystal molecules have an orientation angle β o , 0°<β o <90°, and said plurality of liquid crystal switching elements is arranged in a matrix, wherein said liquid crystal switching elements further comprise: (a) said liquid crystal molecules which are twistable; (b) a substrate; and (c) an electrode structure which generates said electric field having a component predominantly parallel to the surface of said liquid crystal layer and wherein said electrode structure is arranged alternately in at least two different planes in parallel with said substrate.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
137 words
An electro-optical display device comprising a plurality of liquid crystal switching elements which comprise a liquid crystal layer comprising liquid crystal molecules and having a surface for display of an image which is switched under control of an electric field having a component predominantly parallel to said surface, wherein said liquid crystal molecules have an orientation angle β o , 0°<β o <90°, and said plurality of liquid crystal switching elements is arranged in a matrix, wherein said liquid crystal switching elements further comprise: (a) said liquid crystal molecules which are twistable; (b) a substrate; and (c) an electrode structure which generates said electric field having a component predominantly parallel to the surface of said liquid crystal layer and wherein said electrode structure is arranged alternately in at least two different planes in parallel with said substrate.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
22 words
The electro-optical display device of claim 1, wherein said liquid crystal molecules have a pretilt angle α o , 0°≦α o ≦30°.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
22 words
The electro-optical display device of claim 1, wherein said liquid crystal molecules have a pretilt angle α o , 0°≦α o ≦20°.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
22 words
The electro-optical display device of claim 1, wherein said liquid crystal molecules have a pretilt angle α o , 0°≦α o ≦10°.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
22 words
The electro-optical display device of claim 1, wherein said liquid crystal molecules have a pretilt angle α o , 0°≦α o ≦5°.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
13 words
An electro-optical display device of claim 5, wherein β o is not 45°.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
22 words
The electro-optical display device of claim 1, wherein said liquid crystal molecules have a pretilt angle α o , 0°≦α o ≦3°
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
22 words
The electro-optical display device of claim 1, wherein said liquid crystal molecules have a pretilt angle α o , 0°≦α o ≦2°.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
22 words
The electro-optical display device of claim 1, wherein said liquid crystal molecules have a pretilt angle α o , 0°≦α o ≦1°.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
22 words
The electro-optical display device of claim 1, wherein said liquid crystal molecules have a pretilt angle α o , 0°<α o ≦20°.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
22 words
The electro-optical display device of claim 1, wherein said liquid crystal molecules have a pretilt angle α o , 0°<α o ≦10°.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
22 words
The electro-optical display device of claim 1, wherein said liquid crystal molecules have a pretilt angle α o , 0°<α o ≦5°.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
13 words
The electro-optical display device of claim 12, wherein β o is not 45°.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
14 words
The electro-optical display device of claim 13, wherein said matrix is an active matrix.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
15 words
The electro-optical display device of claim 14, wherein the active matrix is a transistor matrix.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
18 words
The electro-optical display device of claim 14, wherein the switching elements of the active matrix are thin-film transistors.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
27 words
The electro-optical display device of claim 14, wherein the switching elements are used to alter the brightness and/or color of a pixel of the electro-optical display device.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
22 words
The electro-optical display device of claim 1, wherein said liquid crystal molecules have a pretilt angle α o , 0°<α o ≦2°.
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
22 words
The electro-optical display device of claim 1, wherein said liquid crystal molecules have a pretilt angle α o , 0°<α o ≦1°.
Claim 21
Dependent Claim
22 words
The electro-optical display device of claim 1, wherein said liquid crystal molecules have a pretilt angle α o which is about 5°.
Claim 22
Dependent Claim
22 words
The electro-optical display device of claim 1, wherein said liquid crystal molecules have a pretilt angle α o which is about 1°.
Claim 23
Dependent Claim
22 words
The electro-optical display device of claim 1, wherein said liquid crystal molecules have a pretilt angle α o which is about 0°.
Claim 24
Dependent Claim
13 words
An electro-optical display device of claim 1, wherein β o is not 45°.
Claim 25
Dependent Claim
36 words
An electro-optical display device of claim 1, wherein the liquid crystal layer has a twisted structure in its initial orientation which can be untwisted by the field component aligned predominantly parallel to the liquid crystal layer.
Claim 26
Dependent Claim
30 words
The electro-optical display device of claim 1, wherein the initial twist angle β of the liquid crystal molecules is within 15 degrees of 0°, or within 15 degrees of 90°.
Claim 27
Dependent Claim
34 words
The electro-optical display device of claim 1, further comprising (d) a polarizer in optical relation with said liquid crystal layer; and (e) a; voltage source or a current source connected to said electrode structure.
Claim 28
Dependent Claim
17 words
The electro-optical display device of claim 26, further comprising an analyzer in optical relation with said polarizer.
Claim 29
Dependent Claim
72 words
The electro-optical display device of claim 27, wherein the angle between the direction of the initial orientation of the liquid crystal molecules at the surface of the liquid crystal layer on the side of the polarizer and the light transmitting direction of the polarizer is approximately 0°, and the angle between the light transmitting direction of said polarizer and the light transmitting direction of the analyzer is approximately 0° or approximately 90°.
Claim 30
Dependent Claim
72 words
The electro-optical display device of claim 27, wherein the angle between the direction of the initial orientation of the liquid crystal molecules at the surface of the liquid crystal layer on the side of the polarizer and the light transmitting direction of the polarizer is approximately 90°, and the angle between the light transmitting direction of said polarizer and the light transmitting direction of the analyzer is approximately 0° or approximately 90°.
Claim 31
Dependent Claim
30 words
The electro-optical display device of claim 1, further comprising: (d) a, polarizer in optical relation with said liquid crystal layer; and (e) a voltage source connected to said electrode structure.
Claim 32
Dependent Claim
46 words
The electro-optical display device of claim 30, further comprising: (f) an orientation layer, in contact with at least one surface of said liquid crystal layer, which aligns the liquid crystal molecules in a direction whereby they have an orientation angle β o , 0°<β o <90°.
Claim 33
Dependent Claim
44 words
The electro-optical display device of claim 31, comprising an orientation layer, in contact with at least one surface of said liquid crystal layer, which aligns the liquid crystal molecules in a direction whereby they have a pretilt angle α 0 , 0°≦α o <30°.
Claim 34
Dependent Claim
14 words
The electro-optical display device of claim 1, wherein said liquid crystal layer is nematic.
Claim 35
Dependent Claim
22 words
The electro-optical display device of claim 1, wherein Δn·d/λ of the liquid crystal layer is larger than zero but smaller than four.
Claim 36
Dependent Claim
27 words
The electro-optical display device of claim 1, wherein the axes of switching-effective twisting of the liquid crystal molecules are substantially perpendicular to the plane of the substrate.
Claim 37
Dependent Claim
43 words
The electro-optical display device of claim 1, wherein, within the image spot of the liquid crystal switching element, said electrode structure is formed between the substrate and the liquid crystal layer and has at least one pair of electrodes with a space therebetween.
Claim 38
Dependent Claim
28 words
The electro-optical display device of claim 36, wherein each pair of electrodes comprises strip or line-type electrodes which extend to make a space between said pair of electrodes.
Claim 39
Dependent Claim
14 words
The electro-optical display device of claim 37, wherein the electrodes intermesh in comb fashion.
Claim 40
Dependent Claim
21 words
The electro-optical display device of claim 36, wherein the space between the pair of electrodes is 2 μm to 50 μm.
Claim 41
Dependent Claim
22 words
The electro-optical display device of claim 36, wherein the applied voltage between the pair of electrodes is one volt to 80 volts.
Claim 42
Dependent Claim
21 words
The electro-optical display device of claim 1, wherein the thickness of the liquid crystal layer is 1 μm to 10 μm.
Claim 43
Dependent Claim
29 words
The electro-optical display device of claim 1, wherein the area of the image spots of the liquid crystal switching elements is 10 μm 2 to 1 mm 2 .
Claim 44
Dependent Claim
22 words
The electro-optical display device of claim 1, wherein the plurality of liquid crystal switching elements are addressed by the time multiplex method.
Claim 45
Dependent Claim
15 words
The electro-optical display device of claim 1, which is driven by a direct triggering device.
Claim 46
Dependent Claim
27 words
The electro-optical display device of claim 1, wherein the switching elements are used to alter the brightness and/or color of a pixel of the electro-optical display device.
Claim 47
Dependent Claim
17 words
The electro-optical display device of claim 1 which is directly driven according to the time multiplex method.
Claim 48
Dependent Claim
21 words
The electro-optical display device of claim 1, wherein the electrode structure is located between one substrate and the liquid crystal layer.
Claim 49
Dependent Claim
22 words
The electro-optical display device of claim 1, wherein said at least two planes are located between the liquid-crystal layer and a substrate.
Claim 50
Dependent Claim
26 words
The electro-optical display device of claim 48, wherein said two planes of the alternating electrodes are formed by the two opposite surfaces of a thin layer.
Claim 51
Dependent Claim
15 words
The electro-optical display device of claim 49, wherein said thin layer is an insulating film.
Claim 52
Dependent Claim
17 words
The electro-optical display device of claim 1, wherein the liquid-crystal switching elements constitute a multiplicity of pixels.
Claim 53
Dependent Claim
18 words
The electro-optical display device of claim 1 further comprising a polarizer in optical relation with the liquid-crystal layer.
Claim 54
Dependent Claim
17 words
The electro-optical display device of claims 52, comprising an analyzer in optical relation with the liquid-crystal layer.
Claim 55
Dependent Claim
16 words
The electro-optical display device of claim 1, wherein the liquid crystal layer contains a dichroic dye.
Claim 56
Dependent Claim
14 words
The electro-optical display device of claim 1, further comprising a current or voltage source.
Claim 57
Dependent Claim
12 words
The electro-optical display device of claim 1, further comprising a voltage source.
Claim 58
Dependent Claim
17 words
The electro-optical display device of claim 1, which is driven by a matrix of active switching elements.
Claim 59
Dependent Claim
16 words
The electro-optical display device of claim 1, wherein the switching elements are provided with optical compensation.
Claim 60
Dependent Claim
23 words
The electro-optical display device of claim 1, wherein the switching elements comprise a birefringent optical compensator in optical correlation with the liquid-crystal layer.
Claim 61
Dependent Claim
18 words
The electro-optical display device of claim 6, wherein β o is not about 40° and not about 50°.
Claim 62
Independent Claim
121 words
A method of viewing the image of an electro-optical display device from different viewing angles in the range Θ=10°-60° and observing a small dependence of image contrast on viewing angle in said range, comprising viewing at different angles Θ in said range the image of the electro-optical display device comprising a plurality of liquid crystal switching elements which comprise a liquid crystal layer comprising liquid crystal molecules and having a surface for display of an image which is switched under control of an electric field having a component predominantly parallel to said surface, wherein said liquid crystal molecules have an orientation angle β o , 0°<β o <90°, and said plurality of liquid crystal switching elements is arranged in a matrix.
Claim 63
Independent Claim
121 words
A method of viewing the image of an electro-optical display device from different viewing angles in the range Θ=10°-60° and observing a small dependence of image contrast on viewing angle in said range, comprising viewing at different angles Θ in said range the image of the electro-optical display device comprising a plurality of liquid crystal switching elements which comprise a liquid crystal layer comprising liquid crystal molecules and having a surface for display of an image which is switched under control of an electric field having a component predominantly parallel to said surface, wherein said liquid crystal molecules have an orientation angle β o , 0°<β o <90°, and said plurality of liquid crystal switching elements is arranged in a matrix.
Claim 64
Dependent Claim
20 words
The method of claim 61, wherein said liquid crystal molecules have a pretilt angle α 0 , 0°≦α o ≦30°.
Claim 65
Dependent Claim
20 words
The method of claim 61, wherein said liquid crystal molecules have a pretilt angle α 0 , 0°≦α o ≦20°.
Claim 66
Dependent Claim
20 words
The method of claim 61, wherein said liquid crystal molecules have a pretilt angle α 0 , 0°≦α o ≦10°.
Claim 67
Dependent Claim
20 words
The method of claim 61, wherein said liquid crystal molecules have a pretilt angle α 0 , 0°≦α o ≦5°.
Claim 68
Dependent Claim
20 words
The method of claim 61, wherein said liquid crystal molecules have a pretilt angle α 0 , 0°≦α o ≦3°.
Claim 69
Dependent Claim
20 words
The method of claim 61, wherein said liquid crystal molecules have a pretilt angle α 0 , 0°≦α o ≦2°.
Claim 70
Dependent Claim
20 words
The method of claim 61, wherein said liquid crystal molecules have a pretilt angle α 0 , 0°≦α o <1°.
Claim 71
Dependent Claim
20 words
The method of claim 61, wherein said liquid crystal molecules have a pretilt angle α 0 , 0°<α o ≦20°.
Claim 72
Dependent Claim
20 words
The method of claim 61, wherein said liquid crystal molecules have a pretilt angle α 0 , 0°<α o ≦10°.
Claim 73
Dependent Claim
20 words
The method of claim 61, wherein said liquid crystal molecules have a pretilt angle α 0 , 0°<α o ≦5°.
Claim 74
Dependent Claim
20 words
The method of claim 61, wherein said liquid crystal molecules have a pretilt angle α 0 , 0°<α o ≦2°.
Claim 75
Dependent Claim
20 words
The method of claim 61, wherein said liquid crystal molecules have a pretilt angle α 0 , 0°<α o ≦1°.
Claim 76
Dependent Claim
20 words
The method of claim 61, wherein said liquid crystal molecules have a pretilt angle α o which is about 5°.
Claim 77
Dependent Claim
20 words
The method of claim 61, wherein said liquid crystal molecules have a pretilt angle α o which is about 1°.
Claim 78
Dependent Claim
20 words
The method of claim 61, wherein said liquid crystal molecules have a pretilt angle α o which is about 0°.
Claim 79
Dependent Claim
52 words
A method of viewing the image of an electro-optical display device from different viewing angles in the range Θ=10°-60° and observing a small dependence of image contrast on viewing angle in said range, comprising viewing at different angles Θ in said range the image of the electro-optical display device of claim 1.
Claim 80
Dependent Claim
27 words
The electro-optical display device of claim 1, wherein the switching elements are used to alter the brightness and/or color of a pixel of the electro-optical display device.
Claim 81
Dependent Claim
109 words
An electro-optical display device comprising a plurality of liquid crystal switching element which comprise a liquid crystal layer comprising liquid crystal molecules and having a surface for display of an image which is switched under control of an electric field having a component predominantly parallel to said surface, wherein said liquid crystal molecules have an orientation angle β o , 0°<β o <90°,and said plurality of liquid crystal switching element is arrange in a matrix, and wherein the liquid crystal layer has an untwisted structure in its initial orientation and can be reoriented to a twisted structure by said field component oriented predominantly parallel to the liquid crystal layer.
Claim 82
Dependent Claim
109 words
An electro-optical display device comprising a plurality of liquid crystal switching element which comprise a liquid crystal layer comprising liquid crystal molecules and having a surface for display of an image which is switched under control of an electric field having a component predominantly parallel to said surface, wherein said liquid crystal molecules have an orientation angle β o , 0°<β o <90°,and said plurality of liquid crystal switching element is arrange in a matrix, and wherein the liquid crystal layer has an untwisted structure in its initial orientation and can be reoriented to a twisted structure by said field component oriented predominantly parallel to the liquid crystal layer.
Claim 83
Dependent Claim
85 words
An electro-optical display device comprising a plurality of liquid crystal switching elements which comprise a liquid crystal layer comprising liquid crystal molecules and having a surface for display of an image which is switched under control of an electric field having a component predominantly parallel to said surface, wherein said liquid crystal molecules have an orientation angle β o , 0°<β o <90°, and said plurality of liquid crystal switching elements is arranged in a matrix and, wherein said liquid crystal layer comprises a polymer.
Claim 84
Dependent Claim
85 words
An electro-optical display device comprising a plurality of liquid crystal switching elements which comprise a liquid crystal layer comprising liquid crystal molecules and having a surface for display of an image which is switched under control of an electric field having a component predominantly parallel to said surface, wherein said liquid crystal molecules have an orientation angle β o , 0°<β o <90°, and said plurality of liquid crystal switching elements is arranged in a matrix and, wherein said liquid crystal layer comprises a polymer.
Claim 85
Dependent Claim
83 words
An electro-optical display device comprising a liquid crystal layer comprising liquid crystal molecules and having a surface for display of an image which is switched under control of an electric field having a component predominantly parallel to said surface, wherein said liquid crystal molecules are in homogeneous alignment and have an orientation angle β o , 0°<β o <90°, which prevents domain formation in said image and/or which imparts to said image a small viewing angle dependence and a correspondingly improved image contrast.
Claim 86
Dependent Claim
83 words
An electro-optical display device comprising a liquid crystal layer comprising liquid crystal molecules and having a surface for display of an image which is switched under control of an electric field having a component predominantly parallel to said surface, wherein said liquid crystal molecules are in homogeneous alignment and have an orientation angle β o , 0°<β o <90°, which prevents domain formation in said image and/or which imparts to said image a small viewing angle dependence and a correspondingly improved image contrast.
Claim 87
Dependent Claim
83 words
An electro-optical display device comprising a liquid crystal layer comprising liquid crystal molecules and having a surface for display of an image which is switched under control of an electric field having a component predominantly parallel to said surface, wherein said liquid crystal molecules are in homogeneous alignment and have an orientation angle β o , 0°<β o <90°, which reduces domain formation in said image and/or which imparts to said image a small viewing angle dependence and a correspondingly improved image contrast.
Claim 88
Dependent Claim
83 words
An electro-optical display device comprising a liquid crystal layer comprising liquid crystal molecules and having a surface for display of an image which is switched under control of an electric field having a component predominantly parallel to said surface, wherein said liquid crystal molecules are in homogeneous alignment and have an orientation angle β o , 0°<β o <90°, which reduces domain formation in said image and/or which imparts to said image a small viewing angle dependence and a correspondingly improved image contrast.
Claim 89
Dependent Claim
54 words
An electro-optical display device of claim 82, wherein said β o value imparts to said image a small dependence of transmission on viewing angle which when graphed as a curve according to FIG. 8 at a given observation angle is more symmetric about the graph's center point than the corresponding curve of FIG. 8.
Claim 90
Dependent Claim
22 words
The electro-optical display device of claim 83, wherein said liquid crystal layer has a negative dielectric anisotropy and 0° <β o ≦20°.
Claim 91
Dependent Claim
52 words
A method of viewing the image of an electro-optical display device from different viewing angles in the range Θ=10°-60° and observing a small dependence of image contrast on viewing angle in said range comprising viewing at different angles e in said range the image of the electro-optical display device of claim 84.
Claim 92
Dependent Claim
21 words
The electro-optical display device of claim 83, wherein said liquid crystal layer has a positive dielectric anisotropy and 70°≦β o <90°.
Claim 93
Dependent Claim
52 words
A method of viewing the image of an electro-optical display device from different viewing angles in the range Θ=10°-60° and observing a small dependence of image contrast on viewing angle in said range, comprising viewing at different angles Θ in said range the image of the electro-optical display device of claim 86.
Claim 94
Dependent Claim
52 words
A method of viewing the image of an electrooptical display device from different viewing angles in the range Θ=10°-60° and observing a small dependence of image contrast on viewing angle in said range, comprising viewing at different angles Θ in said range the image of the electro-optical display device of claim 83.
Claim 95
Dependent Claim
63 words
An electro-optical display device of claim 82, wherein said β o value imparts to said image a small dependence of transmission on viewing angle which when graphed as a curve according to FIG. 7 at a given observation angle has a degree of symmetry about the graph's center point closer to that of the corresponding curve of FIG. 7 than of FIG. 8.
Claim 96
Dependent Claim
52 words
A method of viewing the image of an electro-optical display device from different viewing angles in the range Θ=10°-60° and observing a small dependence of image contrast on viewing angle in said range, comprising viewing at different angles Θ in said range the image of the electro-optical display device of claim 89.
Claim 97
Dependent Claim
46 words
An electro-optical display device of claim 82, wherein said β o value imparts to said image a small viewing angle dependence wherein the variation of the degree of light transmission (1-fmin/fmax) over all values of φ is below about 0.57 when Θ is up to 45°.
Claim 98
Dependent Claim
52 words
A method of viewing the image of an electro-optical display device from different viewing angles in the range Θ=10°-60° and observing a small dependence of image contrast on viewing angle in said range, comprising viewing at different angles Θ in said range the image of the electro-optical display device of claim 91.
Claim 99
Dependent Claim
52 words
A method of viewing the image of an electro-optical display device from different viewing angles in the range Θ=10°-60° and observing a small dependence of image contrast on viewing angle in said range, comprising viewing at different angles Θ in said range the image of the electro-optical display device of claim 82.
Claim 100
Dependent Claim
52 words
A method of viewing the image of an electro-optical display device from different viewing angles in the range Θ=10°-60° and observing a small dependence of image contrast on viewing angle in said range, comprising viewing at different angles Θ in said range the image of the electro-optical display device of claim 81.
Claim 101
Dependent Claim
82 words
A liquid crystal switching element comprising (a) a liquid crystal layer comprising liquid crystal molecules and having a surface for display of an image which is switched under control of an electric field having a component predominantly parallel to said surface, wherein said liquid crystal molecules have an orientation angle β o , 0° <P, <90°, and (b) an electrode structure which generates said electric field and which is arranged alternately in at least two different planes in parallel with said surface.
Claim 102
Dependent Claim
82 words
A liquid crystal switching element comprising (a) a liquid crystal layer comprising liquid crystal molecules and having a surface for display of an image which is switched under control of an electric field having a component predominantly parallel to said surface, wherein said liquid crystal molecules have an orientation angle β o , 0° <P, <90°, and (b) an electrode structure which generates said electric field and which is arranged alternately in at least two different planes in parallel with said surface.
Claim 103
Dependent Claim
90 words
An electro-optical display device comprising (a) a plurality of liquid crystal switching elements which comprise a liquid crystal layer comprising liquid crystal molecules and having a surface for display of an image which is switched under control of an electric field having a component predominantly parallel to said surface, wherein said liquid crystal molecules have an orientation angle β o , 0°<β o <90°, and (b) an electrode structure which generates said electric field and which is arranged alternately in at least two different planes in parallel with said surface.
Claim 104
Dependent Claim
90 words
An electro-optical display device comprising (a) a plurality of liquid crystal switching elements which comprise a liquid crystal layer comprising liquid crystal molecules and having a surface for display of an image which is switched under control of an electric field having a component predominantly parallel to said surface, wherein said liquid crystal molecules have an orientation angle β o , 0°<β o <90°, and (b) an electrode structure which generates said electric field and which is arranged alternately in at least two different planes in parallel with said surface.
Claim 105
Dependent Claim
52 words
A method of viewing the image of an electro-optical display device from different viewing angles in the range Θ=10°-60° and observing a small dependence of image contrast on viewing angle in said range, comprising viewing at different angles Θ in said range the image of the electro-optical display device of claim 96.
Claim 106
Dependent Claim
104 words
An electro-optical display device comprising (a) a plurality of liquid crystal switching elements which comprise a liquid crystal layer comprising liquid crystal molecules and having a surface for display of an image which is switched under control of an electric field having a component predominantly parallel to said surface, wherein said liquid crystal molecules have an orientation angle β o , 0°<β o <90°, and (b)an electrode structure which generates said electric field and which is arranged alternately in at least two different planes in parallel with said surface, and the plurality of liquid crystal switching elements are addressed by the time multiplex method.
Claim 107
Dependent Claim
104 words
An electro-optical display device comprising (a) a plurality of liquid crystal switching elements which comprise a liquid crystal layer comprising liquid crystal molecules and having a surface for display of an image which is switched under control of an electric field having a component predominantly parallel to said surface, wherein said liquid crystal molecules have an orientation angle β o , 0°<β o <90°, and (b)an electrode structure which generates said electric field and which is arranged alternately in at least two different planes in parallel with said surface, and the plurality of liquid crystal switching elements are addressed by the time multiplex method.
Claim 108
Dependent Claim
52 words
A method of viewing the image of an electrooptical display device from different viewing angles in the range Θ=10°-60° and observing a small dependence of image contrast on viewing angle in said range, comprising viewing at different angles Θ in said range the image of the electro-optical display device of claim 98.
Claim 109
Dependent Claim
97 words
An electro-optical display device comprising an active matrix integrated into and controlling a plurality of liquid crystal switching elements which comprise a liquid crystal layer comprising liquid crystal molecules and having a surface for display of an image which is switched under control of an electric field having a component predominantly parallel to said surface, wherein said liquid crystal molecules have an orientation angle β o , 0°<β o <90°, said matrix comprising an electrode structure which generates said electric field and which is arranged alternately in at least two different planes in parallel with said surface.
Claim 110
Dependent Claim
97 words
An electro-optical display device comprising an active matrix integrated into and controlling a plurality of liquid crystal switching elements which comprise a liquid crystal layer comprising liquid crystal molecules and having a surface for display of an image which is switched under control of an electric field having a component predominantly parallel to said surface, wherein said liquid crystal molecules have an orientation angle β o , 0°<β o <90°, said matrix comprising an electrode structure which generates said electric field and which is arranged alternately in at least two different planes in parallel with said surface.
Claim 111
Dependent Claim
52 words
A method of viewing the image of an electro-optical display device from different viewing angles in the range Θ=10°-60° and observing a small dependence of image contrast on viewing angle in said range, comprising viewing at different angles Θ in said range the image of the electro-optical display device of claim 100.
Claim 112
Independent Claim
135 words
A method of viewing the image of an electro-optical display device from different viewing angles in the range Θ=10°-60° and observing a small dependence of image contrast on viewing angle in said range, comprising viewing at different angles; Θ in said range the image of the electro-optical display device comprising a plurality of liquid crystal switching elements which comprise a liquid crystal layer comprising liquid crystal molecules and having a surface for display of an image which is switched under control of an electric field having a component predominantly parallel to said surface, wherein said liquid crystal switching elements further comprise: (a) said liquid crystal molecules which are twistable; (b) a substrate; and (c) an electrode structure which generates said electric field having a component predominantly parallel to the surface of said liquid crystal layer.
Claim 113
Independent Claim
135 words
A method of viewing the image of an electro-optical display device from different viewing angles in the range Θ=10°-60° and observing a small dependence of image contrast on viewing angle in said range, comprising viewing at different angles; Θ in said range the image of the electro-optical display device comprising a plurality of liquid crystal switching elements which comprise a liquid crystal layer comprising liquid crystal molecules and having a surface for display of an image which is switched under control of an electric field having a component predominantly parallel to said surface, wherein said liquid crystal switching elements further comprise: (a) said liquid crystal molecules which are twistable; (b) a substrate; and (c) an electrode structure which generates said electric field having a component predominantly parallel to the surface of said liquid crystal layer.
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Cited
JPS582872A
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DD227542A1
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JPS60217336A
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JPS60218624A
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DD227809A1
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US4844569A
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USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 2001-11-23 | 2002-05-25 | 2002-11-24 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 2005-11-23 | 2006-05-25 | 2006-11-24 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 2009-11-23 | 2010-05-25 | 2010-11-24 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |