Patent US5835241A successfully refreshed from Google Patents.
US5835241A
Expired / Lapsed
US
⏱️ 0.0 years remaining
Method for determining the profile of a bound document with structured light
Assignee: Xerox Corp
•
Filing: 1996-05-30
•
Granted: 1998-11-10
•
Expires: 2016-05-30
Abstract
Abstract An overhead scanning system records pages from bound documents in an upright and open condition. A light stripe is projected onto each page of the bound document to measure the non-planar deformations of each page. The scanning system records a first image with the light stripe and a second image without the light stripe. After identifying a set of pixels representing the light stripe in the first image, the set of pixels is smoothed to minimize large transitions between scan lines. Subsequently, a crease is identified in the set of pixels that represents the spine of the bound document. The pixels forming the crease are replaced with pixels that are defined using a parametric model that approximates the spine region of a bound document. This substitution insures that the spine region of a bound document is accurately depicted before determining a page shape transform with the identified set of pixels representing defining the projected light stripe. An image correction system de-warps the second image using the page shape transform and a perspective transform to correct distortion due to the pages of the bound document being curved relative to the support plane of the system. The de-warped image is determined by "polling" location in the second image for output values.
Inventors
- 👤 Eric Saund
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-11-09 11:51
CPC Classifications
H; H04; H04N; H04N1/00; H04N1/387; H04N1/04; H04N1/047; H04N1/19; H04N1/195; H04N2201/00; H04N2201/024; H04N2201/02406; H04N2201/02425; H04N2201/02439; H04N2201/028; H04N2201/03; H04N2201/031; H04N2201/03104; H04N2201/0315; H04N2201/03162; H04N2201/04; H04N2201/0402; H04N2201/0434; H04N2201/047; H04N2201/04701; H04N2201/04703; H04N2201/04715; H04N2201/04717; H04N2201/04729; H04N2201/04731; H04N2201/04734; H04N2201/04753; H04N2201/04758; H04N2201/04787; H04N2201/04789; H04N2201/04791; H04N2201/04794
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 30
Claim 1
Independent Claim
260 words
In a scanning apparatus having an image acquisition system for recording images and a light stripe projector for projecting a light stripe, a method for determining a shape of the bound document positioned in an imaging area of the scanning apparatus, comprising the steps of: recording, with the image acquisition system, an image of the bound document having a light stripe projected thereacross by the light stripe projector, the image being defined by an array of scan lines, with each scan line having pixels with an intensity value; adaptively thresholding the pixels forming the image to identify pixels defining part of the light stripe, said adaptive thresholding step compensating for non-uniform illumination across the bound document recorded by the image acquisition system; identifying a pixel starting location that forms part of the light stripe on a first scan line near a midpoint of the image; tracking, from the pixel starting location, a first set of pixels that further define the light stripe in the image, the first set of pixels representing a trace of the light stripe projected across the bound document; smoothing the first set of pixels to minimize large transitions between scan lines; detecting a crease location along the first set of pixels that identifies a spine region of the bound document; and responsive to said detecting step, modifying the first set of pixels representing the trace, said modifying step replacing pixels near the crease location with a second set of pixels that are determined using a parametric model that approximates the spine region of the bound document.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
260 words
In a scanning apparatus having an image acquisition system for recording images and a light stripe projector for projecting a light stripe, a method for determining a shape of the bound document positioned in an imaging area of the scanning apparatus, comprising the steps of: recording, with the image acquisition system, an image of the bound document having a light stripe projected thereacross by the light stripe projector, the image being defined by an array of scan lines, with each scan line having pixels with an intensity value; adaptively thresholding the pixels forming the image to identify pixels defining part of the light stripe, said adaptive thresholding step compensating for non-uniform illumination across the bound document recorded by the image acquisition system; identifying a pixel starting location that forms part of the light stripe on a first scan line near a midpoint of the image; tracking, from the pixel starting location, a first set of pixels that further define the light stripe in the image, the first set of pixels representing a trace of the light stripe projected across the bound document; smoothing the first set of pixels to minimize large transitions between scan lines; detecting a crease location along the first set of pixels that identifies a spine region of the bound document; and responsive to said detecting step, modifying the first set of pixels representing the trace, said modifying step replacing pixels near the crease location with a second set of pixels that are determined using a parametric model that approximates the spine region of the bound document.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
56 words
The method according to claim 1, wherein said step of adaptively thresholding the image includes the steps of: identifying pixels in the image with intensity values that vary in intensity from neighboring pixels by a threshold value, and setting the intensity values of those pixels in the image identified by said adaptive thresholding step to zero.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
28 words
The method according to claim 1, wherein said step of defining a starting location includes the step of identifying a neighborhood of pixels having a non-zero intensity value.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
36 words
The method according to claim 3, wherein said step of identifying a starting pixel location includes the steps of: defining a neighborhood of pixels in the image; and computing a centroid of the neighborhood of pixels.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
24 words
The method according to claim 4, further comprising the step of centering the neighborhood of pixels at a pixel location defined by the centroid.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
27 words
The method according to claim 5, further comprising the step of repeating said computing step and said centering step until the neighborhood of pixels does not change.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
22 words
The method according to claim 6, wherein said centroid is an average value of the intensity values in the neighborhood of pixels.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
25 words
The method according to claim 1, wherein said tracking step tracks in a first direction and a second direction one scan line at a time.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
60 words
The method according to claim 1, wherein said tracking step further comprises the steps of: identifying, within a predefined area in the image, pixels a small distance from the pixel starting location on a second scan line having a non-zero intensity value; and evaluating a centroid of the identified pixels with a non-zero intensity value on the second scan line.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
58 words
The method according to claim 9, further comprising the steps of: growing the predefined area; identifying, within the grown predefined area, pixels a small distance from the pixel starting location on the second scan line having a non-zero intensity value; and evaluating a centroid of the identified pixels with a non-zero intensity value on the second scan line.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
20 words
The method according to claim 10, further comprising the step of abandoning said growing step at a predetermined maximum area.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
26 words
The method according to claim 1, further comprising the step of transforming the set of pixels from a pixel coordinate system to a height coordinate system.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
20 words
The method according to claim 1, wherein said smoothing step smoothes the set of pixels with a Gaussian smoothing kernel.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
30 words
The method according to claim 1, wherein said detecting step includes the step of assessing whether the trace contains a pixel that identifies the spine region of the bound document.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
59 words
The method according to claim 14, wherein said assessing step includes the steps of: measuring in the image changes in height between each scan line along the trace of the light stripe projected across the bound document; and selecting a pixel identifying a maximum measured change in height, the selected pixel identifying the spine region of the bound document.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
35 words
The method according to claim 1, wherein said modifying step includes the step of fitting a parabola to the pixels defining the trace of the light stripe in the spine region of the bound document.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
21 words
The method according to claim 1, wherein said detecting step identifies the crease pixel at a scan line in the image.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
24 words
The method according to claim 1, wherein said tracking step rejects pixels that are exist apart from pixels in the first set of pixels.
Claim 20
Independent Claim
201 words
A method for scanning a sequence of non-planar original images of a bound document, comprising the steps of: recording geometry data and raw image data for each image in the sequence of non-planar original images, said recording step including the steps of: projecting a light stripe on a non-planar original image, acquiring geometry data with an image acquisition system, and acquiring raw image data with the image acquisition system; and correcting the recorded raw image data for each image in the sequence of non-planar original images with the recorded geometry data, said correcting step performing, for each image in the sequence of non-planar original images, the steps of: identifying a pixel starting location that forms part of the light stripe on a scan line near a midpoint of the geometry data, tracking, from the pixel starting location, a set of pixels that further define the light stripe in the image, smoothing the set of pixels to minimize large transitions between scan lines, converting the set of pixels, which represent a trace of the light stripe projected across the bound document, to a page shape transform, and de-warping the recorded image data with the page shape transform to provide corrected image data.
Claim 21
Independent Claim
201 words
A method for scanning a sequence of non-planar original images of a bound document, comprising the steps of: recording geometry data and raw image data for each image in the sequence of non-planar original images, said recording step including the steps of: projecting a light stripe on a non-planar original image, acquiring geometry data with an image acquisition system, and acquiring raw image data with the image acquisition system; and correcting the recorded raw image data for each image in the sequence of non-planar original images with the recorded geometry data, said correcting step performing, for each image in the sequence of non-planar original images, the steps of: identifying a pixel starting location that forms part of the light stripe on a scan line near a midpoint of the geometry data, tracking, from the pixel starting location, a set of pixels that further define the light stripe in the image, smoothing the set of pixels to minimize large transitions between scan lines, converting the set of pixels, which represent a trace of the light stripe projected across the bound document, to a page shape transform, and de-warping the recorded image data with the page shape transform to provide corrected image data.
Claim 22
Dependent Claim
17 words
The method according to claim 19, wherein said recording step is completed before initiating said correcting step.
Claim 23
Dependent Claim
23 words
The method according to claim 19, further comprising the step of storing the geometry data and the raw image data in a memory.
Claim 24
Dependent Claim
22 words
The method according to claim 21, wherein said correcting step is delayed until the raw image data is displayed on a terminal.
Claim 25
Dependent Claim
22 words
The method according to claim 21, wherein said correcting step is delayed until the raw image data is reproduced as hard copy.
Claim 26
Dependent Claim
19 words
The method according to claim 19, further comprising the step of recording calibration data with the image acquisition system.
Claim 27
Dependent Claim
47 words
The method according to claim 24, wherein said correcting step includes the step of determining a perspective transform with the calibration data, the perspective transform defining a relationship, between a two-dimensional coordinate system of the image acquisition system and a three-dimensional coordinate system of the bound document.
Claim 28
Dependent Claim
22 words
The method according to claim 25, wherein said de-warping step includes the step of transforming the image data with the perspective transform.
Claim 29
Dependent Claim
28 words
The method according to claim 19, wherein said recording step and said correcting step are performed in parallel for each image in the sequence of non-planar original images.
Claim 30
Dependent Claim
27 words
The method according to claim 19, wherein said recording step and said correcting step are performed sequentially for each image in the sequence of non-planar original images.
References Cited (Backward Citations)
DE3546404A1
Cited
US5084611A
Cited
US4980720A
Cited
US5276530A
Cited
US5119206A
Cited
US5377019A
Cited
US5416609A
Cited
US5497236A
Cited
US5359207A
Cited
USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 2001-11-09 | 2002-05-11 | 2002-11-10 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 2005-11-09 | 2006-05-11 | 2006-11-10 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 2009-11-09 | 2010-05-11 | 2010-11-10 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |